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林业科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (9): 94-101.

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

配置模式和树种组成对北京典型城市森林树木细根形态的影响

梁小妮, 徐程扬, 龚岚, 刘瑜, 齐秀慧   

  1. 北京林业大学省部共建森林培育和保护教育部重点实验室 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2013-01-07 修回日期:2013-03-26 出版日期:2013-09-25 发布日期:2013-09-19
  • 通讯作者: 徐程扬
  • 基金资助:

    北京市科学研究与研究生培养共建项目—科研基地(北京典型城市森林结构合理性研究)。

Effects of Configuration Models and Tree Species Composition on Fine Root Morphological Traits of Typical Urban Forests in Beijing

Liang Xiaoni, Xu Chengyang, Gong Lan, Liu Yu, Qi Xiuhui   

  1. Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083
  • Received:2013-01-07 Revised:2013-03-26 Online:2013-09-25 Published:2013-09-19

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摘要：

采用挖掘取样法对北京市典型城市森林中针+阔+草、针+灌+草、阔+灌+草和灌+草4类植物配置模式以及油松混交林和绦柳混交林中细根形态特征进行研究,分析细根形态特征与土壤养分间的关系。结果表明:1)北京市城市森林林分细根以表层分布较多,0~20cm土层中的细根生物量占细根总量的70%以上。2)配置模式对土壤中细根有显著影响,乔+灌+草配置在0~20cm土层中细根较多,灌+草配置在20~40cm土层中细根较多;3)阔叶乔木对0~20cm土壤中细根贡献较大,而针叶树对20~40cm土壤中细根贡献较高;在针叶树骨干树种背景下,灌木比乔木对土壤细根的贡献更高。4)混交林细根较纯林显著发达,且细根分布更合理。5)树种组成对细根产生显著影响,其中,丁香对细根的贡献率在5种油松混交林中最高,榆叶梅对细根的贡献率在3种绦柳混交林中最高。因此,从根系分解及其对土壤有机质和养分归还角度来看,科学确定树种组成及其配置模式对改良城市森林土壤、促进城市森林健康有积极的作用。

关键词: 城市森林, 配置模式, 细根, 形态特征

Abstract:

There are four types of typical vegetable configurations, including conifer-broadleaved-herb species community, conifer-shrub-herb species community, broadleaved-shrub-herb species community and shrub-herb species community, as well as the mixed Pinus tabulaeformis forest and mixed Salix matsudana f. pendula forest in the urban forests in Beijing. The fine root morphological characteristics of the vegetables were studied by digging root samples in this paper. The relationships between fine root morphological traits and the soil nutrients were analysed. Results showed that majority of fine roots was distributed in shallow soil layers, and the fine root biomass in the soil layer of 0-20 cm was taken over 70% of the total fine root biomass. More fine roots were distributed in the soil layer of 0-20 cm in arbor-shrub-herb communities than that in other configuration types. More fine roots were distributed in the soil layer of 20-40 cm in shrub-herb communities than that in other configuration types. Thus fine root distribution was obviously affected by configuration types. Broadleaved arbor species had more fine roots in the soil layer of 0-20 cm while coniferous arbors had more fine roots in the soil layer of 20-40 cm. Shrubs produced more fine roots than arbor species in those communities in which dominant trees were coniferous species. The fine roots in mixed forests were well developed and the fine roots distributed more rationally. Syringa oblate produced the most quantitative fine roots in five types of mixed P. tabulaeformis forests, and Amygdalus triloba produced the most quantitative fine roots in five types of mixed S. matsudana f. pendula forests, indicating that fine roots in the soil were remarkably affected by tree species composition. We concluded that scientific determination of tree species composition and its configuration would play an positive role in meliorating urban forest soil and enhancing urban forest health by means of fine root decomposition and organic matter input and nutrient release.

Key words: urban forest, configuration model, fine root, morphological traits

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