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林业科学 ›› 2002, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 1-5.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20020601

• 论文及研究报告 •    下一篇

西双版纳热带次生林林窗近地层温度时空分布特征

张一平 王进欣 马友鑫 刘玉洪 李佑荣   

  1. 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园,昆明650223
  • 收稿日期:2001-04-12 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2002-11-25 发布日期:2002-11-25

THE TEMPORAL-SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE ON THE SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF THE TROPICAL SECONDARY FOREST GAP IN XISHUANGBANNA,YUNNAN PROVINCE

Zhang Yiping,Wang Jinxin,Ma Youxin,Liu Yuhong,Li Yourong   

  1. Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,CAS Kunming650223
  • Received:2001-04-12 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2002-11-25 Published:2002-11-25

摘要:

因林窗的发生而导致的环境异质性,对林窗内物种分布、种群动态及物种多样性所产生的影响以及对森林演替和更新所起的重要作用乃是人们广泛关注的问题。本文以西双版纳热带次生林林窗8个方位(从林窗中央到林内)不同季节的地表温度和1.5m高度气温水平空间多点观测为基础,探讨了林窗温度效应的时空分布特征。结果表明:在西双版纳由于区域性天气现象(雾)、太阳高度和林窗边缘树木的共同影响,形成不同季节林窗区域温度效应在时空上的明显差异一高值区的时空位移及空间不对称性现象:林窗温度最高区域并非出现在林窗中央,而是林窗某一侧,其位置、强度随时间和季节不同而存在差异;另外,林窗内不同介质间(空气、地面)热量传递方向随时间和季节的不同而各异,特别是在干热季的中午,林窗不同区域气地温差符号的不同,引起热量传递方向截然相反。如此的温度分布状况和热量传递的不同,将导致林窗的环境异质性差异,进而影响到林窗区域种于萌发、幼苗生长、发育,植物种群分布等,最终影响到森林的更新。

关键词: 次生林, 林窗, 温度效应, 时空分布

Abstract:

Forest gap leads to the formation of environmental heterogeneity,which plays an important role in the distribution of species,community dynamics and biodiversity.Further,it also influences forest regeneration and succession.The influence of temperature on forest gaps based on our observations of soil suface and air(1.5 m) temperatures located at 8 direction (located at 45°,from center to interior)within the gap in a tropical secondary forest in Xishuangbanna during different seasons wee discussed. The results indicated the existence of distinctly temporal and spatial differences during different seasons due to fog,solar altitude and trees at the edge of gap indicating the influence of temperature.The maximum temperature occured at the edges of gap and not at the centre,whose position and intensity vary with time and season.In addition,the directions of heat transfer between medium(air,soil surface)varied with space and time.Especially at the noon of dry\|season,differences between air temperature and soil surface temperature wee different in sites,which even induce direction of heat transferring inverse.All these facts result in induce direction of heat transferring inverse.All these facts result in environmental heterogeneity within the gap.Further,they affected germination of seed,growth and development of seedling and distribution of plant community,which finally influenceed the forest regeneration and succession.

Key words: Secondary forest, Forest gap, Effects of temperature, Temporal and spatial distribution