干旱环境下接种根际促生细菌对核桃苗光合特性的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20150709

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

[目的] 研究干旱环境下接种根际促生细菌(PGPR)对植物光合特性的影响,为PGPR在干旱逆境中的应用提供依据,为干旱地区造林及植被恢复提供技术支撑。[方法] 采用盆栽试验,以产细胞分裂素的蜡样芽孢杆菌L90为供试PGPR菌株,以核桃苗为供试植物,利用LI-6400便携式光合作用仪研究中度干旱胁迫及干旱复水条件下接种L90对核桃苗叶片光合参数的影响。[结果] 干旱胁迫(DR)及干旱环境下接种L90对核桃苗叶片的净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)、胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)及叶绿素(Chl)含量影响显著。整个胁迫期间,同正常浇水处理相比,DR处理核桃苗叶片的P_n和G_s分别下降21.78%和29.47%,而接种L90处理仅下降11.62%和23.84%,干旱环境下接种L90可显著提高G_s,缓解干旱对P_n的抑制。除干旱胁迫初期外,随着干旱胁迫时间的增加,L90缓解干旱对P_n的抑制效果逐渐增强。随着干旱胁迫时间的延长,DR处理核桃苗叶片的C_i迅速降低后持续升高,而G_s持续降低,其光合性能同时受气孔因素和非气孔因素的限制; 接种L90后核桃苗叶片的C_i和G_s持续降低,其光合性能主要受气孔因素限制。一定强度的干旱能够造成核桃苗叶片中Chl的分解或流失,在胁迫末期,同对照处理相比,DR处理核桃苗叶片的Chl含量显著降低9.22%; 同DR处理相比,L90处理叶片Chl的含量显著增加9.49%,干旱环境下接种L90显著抑制了干旱胁迫后期Chl的降解。恢复供水后,同正常浇水处理相比,DR处理的P_n,G_s和Chl含量分别降低9.46%,10.29%和5.86%,C_i增加8.72%; 同DR处理相比,接种L90处理的P_n,G_s和Chl含量分别提高7.01%,12.15%和5.81%,基本恢复到对照水平。接种L90有利于核桃苗叶片光合功能的快速恢复。[结论] 干旱胁迫下,植物叶片的P_n,G_s和Chl含量均有不同程度的降低,而干旱环境下接种产细胞分裂素的蜡样芽孢杆菌L90能够在一定程度上抑制这种降低,延缓水分胁迫下非气孔因素对植物叶片P_n的限制,且更有利于恢复供水后叶片光合功能的恢复。

关键词: 干旱胁迫, 根际促生细菌, 蜡样芽孢杆菌, 核桃苗, 光合

Abstract:

[Objective] Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are rhizosphere inhabitants that can promote plant growth and suppress diseases. The study of PGPR effect on photosynthetic characteristics will provide scientific basis for application potential under drought stress and technical support for afforestation and vegetation ecological restoration in arid environments. [Method] A pot experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of PGPR on the photosynthetic characteristics under drought conditions. A dominant species of PGPR with the ability to produce cytokinins, namely Bacillus cereus L90, was selected to use in this study. Walnut (Juglans regia) seedlings were inoculated with B. cereus L90 and then subjected to moderate soil drought stress. The net photosynthesis rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (g_s), intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) and chlorophyll (Chl) content of the walnut seedlings were measured with a LI- 6400 portable photosynthesis system and a portable chlorophyll meter. [Result] The results indicated that drought stress and B. cereus L90 inoculation had significant effects on the P_n, G_s, C_i and Chl content of walnut leaves. Compared with the control, the P_n and G_s under drought stress (DS) were significantly decreased by 21.78% and 29.47%. However, the decreases with inoculation of B. cereus L90 were only 11.62% and 23.84%, respectively. Therefore, B. cereus L90 inoculation was able to relieve negative effects of DS on G_s and P_n. The relieving effect of B. cereus L90 inoculation on DS increased along with the prolonged period of stress after the initial stage of drought. The C_i of walnut leaves in DR treatments decreased significantly at the initial stage, and then continuously elevated, whereas the G_s continuously declined. The result suggested that the reductions in net photosynthetic rate resulted from both stomatal and non-stomatal limitations. In B. cereus L90 treatment, C_i and G_s decreased continuously, indicating that the P_n reductions mainly resulted from stomatal limitations. The Chl contents of leaves decreased with drought stress. In the late period of drought stress, the chlorophyll content of walnut seedlings in DR treatment significantly decreased 9.22%, compared with the control. However, the chlorophyll content with inoculation of B. cereus L90 was 9.49% higher than that of the DS. B. cereus L90 inoculation could significantly decrease the decomposition of chlorophyll content under drought stress. In re-watering after DS, the P_n, G_s and Chl content were still lower than the control, by 9.46%, 10.29% and 5.86%, and the C_i was higher than the control by 8.72%. However, re-watering the drought-stressed seedlings inoculated with B. subtilis increased P_n, G_s and Chl contents to the control’s level, and the contents were higher than the DR seedlings by 7.01%, 12.15%, 5.81%, respectively. The photosynthetic ability of B. cereus L90 inoculated seedlings was more easily recovered to the level of control after re-watering.[Conclusion] The present study demonstrated that P_n, G_s and Chl content of walnut leaves significantly decreased due to water stress. Cytokinin-producing, B. cereus L90 inoculation under drought conditions could alleviate non-stomatal limitations and interfere with the suppression of net photosynthetic rate. Additionally, L90 is conductive to the photosynthetic ability recovery of walnut leaves after re-watering.

Key words: drought stress, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR), Bacillus cereus, walnut seedlings, photosynthesis

中图分类号:

Q945
S718.83

刘方春, 马海林, 马丙尧, 杜振宇, 井大炜, 邢尚军. 干旱环境下接种根际促生细菌对核桃苗光合特性的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2015, 51(7): 84-90.

Liu Fangchun, Ma Hailin, Ma Bingyao, Du Zhenyu, Jing Dawei, Xing Shangjun. Effect of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria on Photosynthetic Characteristics in Walnut Seedlings under Drought Stress[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2015, 51(7): 84-90.

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