基于树种功能性状改造浙东沿海低山抗风雪冰冻防护林的效果

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20140613

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

如何选择恰当的目标树种，营造具有抗风和抗寒能力的防护林一直是沿海山区造林实践面临的难题之一。以浙江天童盘山台风和冰冻雨雪灾后受损的柳杉林为改造对象，依据林木功能性状，筛选出抗机械受损和抗寒能力优良的树种作为目标功能种，通过补植，在坡面和坡谷立地上营建抗风雪冰冻防护林，并分析7年后目标功能种的生长和林分结构变化。结果表明：小叶青冈、赤皮青冈、细叶青冈和木荷等树种抵抗风雪冰冻灾害能力较高。目标功能种在改造群落形成树高5~6 m、盖度达15%以上的乔木亚层；灌木层高度达到2~4 m，盖度达70%。综合重要值在乔木层达50%以上，在灌木层达70%以上。坡面乔木层蓄积量比对照增长51.8%，坡谷乔木层蓄积量比对照增长59.6%。研究结果表明由功能目标种构建的抗风雪冰冻防护林可快速形成复层群落结构，林分蓄积量显著增加，起到有效的防风雪冰冻作用。

关键词: 林木功能性状, 抗冰冻, 抗台风, 防护林, 浙东沿海

Abstract:

How to select appropriate target tree species used for constructing typhoon- and frost-resistant plantations is one of challenges in afforestation practice in the mountains area along coast. In this study, the typhoon- and frozen-damaged plantations of Cryptomeria fortunei in each of sloping face and concave slope area were reconstructed by planting functionally target-oriented tree species in Pan mountains of Tiantong region, Zhejiang province. Those tree species were selected based on their functional traits, including the strength in mechanical and frozen resistance. Variation in growth of functionally target-oriented species and forest structure were investigated after 7 years of site reclamation. The results showed that Cyclobalanopsis gracilis, Cyclobalanopsis gilva, Cyclobalanopsis myrsinaefolia, and Schima superba had strong ability of blizzard- and frost-resistance. Within the re-built plantations, the sub-tree layer was formed by the functionally target-oriented species with 5-6 m in height and above 15% in coverage; in the shrub layer, the height and coverage approached 2-4 m and 70%, respectively. The comprehensive importance value of the functionally target-oriented species was above 50% and 70% respectively in tree and shrub layer. Compared with the reference site, the growing stock increased 51.8% and 59.6% respectively in sloping face and concave slope area. In conclusion, the blizzard- and frost-resistant plantations constructed with the functionally target-oriented species quickly developed to multiple layers in community structure, and remarkably increased growing stock, thus, improved effectiveness of forest defense against typhoon- and frozen-induced stresses.

Key words: tree functional traits, frost-resistant, typhoon-resistant, shelter forest, coastland in eastern Zhejiang

中图分类号:

S728.6

阎恩荣, 王良衍, 李修鹏. 基于树种功能性状改造浙东沿海低山抗风雪冰冻防护林的效果[J]. 林业科学, 2014, 50(6): 98-106.

Yan Enrong, Wang Liangyan, Li Xiupeng. Effectiveness of Tree Functional Trait-Based Approach for Reconstructing Typhoon- and Frost-Resistant Plantations in the Low Hills of Coastland in Eastern Zhejiang Province[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(6): 98-106.

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