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林业科学 ›› 2012, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 58-65.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20120310

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

河流廊道绿带结构的温湿效应

纪鹏1,2, 朱春阳3, 李树华1,4   

  1. 1. 中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院 北京 100193;2. 黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院 大庆 163319;3. 华中农业大学风景园林系 武汉 430070;4. 清华大学建筑学院 北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2011-06-16 修回日期:2011-09-29 出版日期:2012-03-25 发布日期:2012-03-25
  • 通讯作者: 李树华

Effects of the Different Structures of Green Belts on the Temperature and Humidity in River Corridors

Ji Peng1,2, Zhu Chunyang3, Li Shuhua1,4   

  1. 1. College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University Beijing 100193;2. College of agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University Daqing 163319;3. Department of Landscape Architecture, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070;4. School of Architecture, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084
  • Received:2011-06-16 Revised:2011-09-29 Online:2012-03-25 Published:2012-03-25

摘要:

选择北京北五环清河两侧不同结构类型(内部构成、郁闭度)的绿地作为研究对象,利用小尺度定量测定的技术方法,分析城市河流廊道绿地不同内部构成、不同郁闭度与温湿效应的关系,为河流廊道绿带建设提供科学依据。结果显示: 1) 温湿影响效应大小为乔-灌-草型>乔-草型>灌-草型>草坪。当绿地内部构成为草坪时,降温增湿效应不明显; 当绿地内部构成为灌-草型时,其降温增湿效应较明显; 当绿地内部构成为乔-草型和乔-灌-草型时,其降温增湿效果明显。 2) 绿地的降温增湿效果,随着郁闭度的不断增加而逐渐增强。当绿地郁闭度为0.20~0.40时,绿地具有一定的降温增湿效应,但效应不明显; 当绿地郁闭度大于0.40时,绿地降温效应明显; 当绿地郁闭度超过0.60时,绿地增湿效应极其明显且趋于稳定。

关键词: 河流廊道, 绿带, 内部构成, 郁闭度, 温湿效应

Abstract:

In order to understand scientific basis for constructing green belts in river corridors, the effects of the different structures (internal constitution, canopy closure density) of green belts on the temperature and humidity were analyzed by the small-scale quantitative measurement. In this paper, four-green belts with different internal constitutions including tree-shrub-herbage mixture, tree-herbage mixture, shrub-herbage mixture and lawn and five-green belts with different canopy closure densities including 0-0.20, 0.20-0.40, 0.40-0.60, 0.60-0.80 and 0.80-1.00 along the Qinghe river in Beijing were investigated in July of 2010 . The air temperature and relative humidity in the green belts were measured in two hour interval from 8: 00 to 18: 00 for continuous seven days. The results showed: 1) the effects of different belts on the temperature and humidity were ranked in an order of tree-shrub-herbage > tree-herbage > shrub-herbage > lawn. The green belt with internal constitution of lawn had no significant effect on temperature and humidity. The shrub-herbage green belt had a moderate effect on temperature reduction and humidity increase, and an obvious and stable effect was found with the green belts of tree-herbage and tree-shrub-herbage. Based on Duncan's Post Hoc Tests (P = 0.05), it was concluded that the tree-herbage and tree-shrub herbage of urban green belts had obvious effects on the temperature decrease and humidity increase (width of green belt must be about 45 m). 2) The temperature and relative humidity benefits increased with the canopy density of the green belt. The green belt with canopy density of 0.20-0.40 had a slight effect on the temperature decrease and humidity increase; The density of over 0.40 had an obvious effect, and an extremely obvious and stable effect was found with canopy density of over 0.60.

Key words: river corridor, green belt, internal constitution, canopy density, temperature-humidity benefit

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