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林业科学 ›› 2011, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (10): 29-36.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20111005

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同盐梯度处理下沼泽小叶桦的生理特征及叶片结构

王斌1, 巨波2, 赵慧娟2, 张群1, 朱义1, 崔心红1   

  1. 1. 上海市园林科学研究所 上海 200232;2. 华东理工大学 上海 200237
  • 收稿日期:2010-09-26 修回日期:2011-07-26 出版日期:2011-10-25 发布日期:2011-10-25
  • 通讯作者: 崔心红

Photosynthetic Performance and Variation in Leaf Anatomic Structure of Betula microphylla var. paludosa under Different Saline Conditions

Wang Bin1, Ju Bo2, Zhao Huijuan2, Zhang Qun1, Zhu Yi1, Cui Xinhong1   

  1. 1. Shanghai Research Institute of Landscape Gardening Science Shanghai 200232;2. East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237
  • Received:2010-09-26 Revised:2011-07-26 Online:2011-10-25 Published:2011-10-25

摘要:

设计盐梯度(0,2‰,4‰,6‰,8‰盐溶液的质量比为NaCl ∶Na2SO4 ∶NaHCO3=75% ∶15% ∶10%)试验分析沼泽小叶桦生理表现和叶片解剖结构。结果显示: 在低于4‰盐度时沼泽小叶桦能正常生长,6‰盐度时沼泽小叶桦生长发育不良,当盐度8‰时沼泽小叶桦只能存活30天左右; 在低盐度处理下沼泽小叶桦光合生理表现和叶片解剖结构正常; 随着盐度增加,其叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率、叶绿素含量等指标均下降,而叶片中可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量、蛋白质含量升高; 当盐度≥0.4%时,沼泽小叶桦叶片栅栏细胞逐渐纵向伸长且排列更紧密,叶绿体从椭圆形变成球形,叶绿体中出现粗大的淀粉粒和脂质球,表明其对滨海盐土具有一定的适应能力。

关键词: 沼泽小叶桦, 盐胁迫, 净光合速率, 可溶性糖, 显微结构, 超微结构

Abstract:

Betula microphylla var. paludosa is a salt tolerant plant and naturally grows in inland. In order to explore possibility in transplanting the species to marine salina, we investigated photosynthetic performance and leaf anatomic structure of B. microphylla , grown under control (nutrient soil) or salt-stress conditions (nutrient soil containing different salinity: 2‰, 4‰, 6‰, 8‰ of the solution for 60 days. The species had normal photosynthetic performance and leaf anatomic structure under lower salinity conditions. When soil salinity increased (≥0.4%), the net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, internal CO2 concentration, and chlorophyll content in leaves all decreased, whereas the soluble sugar, proline and protein contents of leaf increased. Accordingly, cells of the palisade tissue in B. microphylla var. paludosa leaf elongated and piled closely, in comparison with that under lower salinity conditions, and the chloroplasts changed from elliptical shape to round shape and in which many 1ipid droplets and starch grains occurred in it. These results indicated that B. microphylla var. paludosa could tolerate salt-stress through modifying leaf physiological and morphological traits, reflecting an adapting potential to saline.

Key words: Betula microphylla var. paludosa, salt stress, net photosynthesis rate, soluble sugar, microscopic structure, ultrastructure

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