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林业科学 ›› 2010, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (10): 83-88.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20101013

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

厦门市松材线虫病的持续控制技术

黄金水1,4,汤陈生1,4,陈金渭2,康文通3,何学友1,4,杨希1,4   

  1. 1.福建省林业科学研究院 福州 350012;2.厦门市绿化管理中心 厦门 361012;3.厦门市森林病虫害防治检疫站 厦门 361012;4.国家林业局南方山地用材林培育重点实验室 福州 350012
  • 收稿日期:2009-04-20 修回日期:2009-07-31 出版日期:2010-10-25 发布日期:2010-10-25

Sustainable Control Techniques of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in Xiamen of Fujian Province

Huang Jinshui1,4;Tang Chensheng1,4;Chen Jinwei2;Kang Wentong3;He Xueyou1,4;Yang Xi1,4   

  1. 1. Fujian Academy of Forestry Fuzhou 350012;2 Xiamen Garden Administration Center Xiamen 361012;3. Xiamen Forest Pest Management and Quarantine Station Xiamen 361012;4 Key Laboratory of Southern Mountain Timber Forest Cultivation of State Forestry Administration Fuzhou 350012
  • Received:2009-04-20 Revised:2009-07-31 Online:2010-10-25 Published:2010-10-25

摘要:

为了保住厦门市绿化和美化生态环境的主体树种马尾松,对厦门岛内松材线虫病疫点未采用皆伐寄主松树的方法,而是采取疫情监测、清除枯死松树(枝)、山场套袋化学熏蒸、悬挂松墨天牛诱捕器(捕捉器)、设置立式诱木和释放哈氏肿腿蜂、白僵菌生物防治等持续控制技术,取得了良好的防治效果。发病松林面积由2001年11月首次发现疫情时的1 973 hm2减少到2007年的42.8 hm2,病死松树数量由2002年的136 968株降低到2007年的6株,病枯死株率呈极显著下降; 林间松墨天牛种群数量也大幅度下降,平均每个诱捕器每年诱集到的松墨天牛成虫数量由72.7头下降到1.8头。目前厦门市大面积松林常绿,说明松材线虫病是可防可治的,也为松材线虫病持续控制技术提供了一套行之有效的模式。

关键词: 松材线虫, 控制技术, 持续治理, 效果评价, 福建厦门

Abstract:

In order to conserve pines, especially Pinus massoniana, which is the main tree species for greening and beautifying the environment in Xiamen of Fujian Province, clear cutting of the wilt pine caused by the pine wood nematode was not adopted ad done elsewhere, but a series of sustainable management strategies were conducted, such as Bursaphelenchus xylophilus application during 2002 to 2007, epidemic surveillance, dying branches and trees clearance, chemical fumigation in field, hanging traps for Monochamus alternatus, setting vertical induced wood, releasing Scleroderma guani and Beauveria bassiana application for biological control. The results showed that the damage pine forest area was decreased from 1 973 hm2 in 2001 to 42.8 hm-2 in 2007. The rate of withered trees caused by B. xylophilus reduced very significantly. In addition, population of M. alternatus in forests diminished obviously, and the number of M. alternatus entrapped by each trap averagely reduced from 72.7 to 1.8 annually. Extensive area pine forests in Xiamen maintained evergreen currently. It suggested that B. xylophilus could be controlled and a relatively sound pattern of controlling pine wilt disease was preliminarily developed.

Key words: Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, control techniques, sustainable management, effect evaluation, Xiamen of Fujian Province