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林业科学 ›› 2007, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (03): 73-78.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20070312

• 论文及研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

卧龙自然保护区大熊猫栖息地植物群落多样性研究:丰富度、物种多样性指数和均匀度

黄金燕 周世强 谭迎春 周小平 王鹏彦 张和民   

  1. 中国保护大熊猫研究中心濒危动物繁殖与保护遗传四川省重点实验室,汶川623006
  • 收稿日期:2005-04-25 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2007-03-25 发布日期:2007-03-25

Study on the Species Diversity of Plant Community in the Giant Panda Habitat of Wolong Natural Reserve:Species Richness, Species Diversity and Evenness

Huang Jinyan,Zhou Shiqiang,Tan Yingchun,Zhou Xiaoping,Wang Pengyan,Zhang Hemin   

  1. China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda, Key Lab. Of the Reproductionand Genetic Conservation of the Endangered Animals of Sichuan Province Wenchuan 623006
  • Received:2005-04-25 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2007-03-25 Published:2007-03-25

摘要:

根据64个植被样方调查资料,分析卧龙自然保护区大熊猫栖息地植物群落多样性特征。结果表明卧龙自然保护区大熊猫栖息地不同植被类型的物种多样性指数值H′、D和均匀度指数Jsi基本表现出一致的变化趋势常绿落叶阔叶林>温性针阔混交林>落叶阔叶林>温性针叶林>亚高山针叶林,而物种丰富度S变化为温性针叶林>落叶阔叶林>常绿落叶阔叶林>亚高山针叶林>温性针阔混交林。在不同的植物群落中,由于地形地势、坡度、土壤、水热条件等原因,其物种多样性指数不同,但其多样性测度指标除物种丰富度外均呈现出基本一致的变化趋势。随海拔的升高,大熊猫栖息地物种丰富度、多样性指数和均匀度变化先增加,然后下降,最后趋于平稳。坡度不是影响卧龙野生大熊猫栖息地生物多样性的关键因子。不同的坡向其物种丰富度S变化为西>北>东>南,物种多样性指数H′、D呈现西>南>北>东的递降格局,均匀度指数Jsi呈现南>西>东>北的递降格局。在不同的群落中,物种丰富度变化表现为灌木层>乔木层>草本层,且42.9%群落中乔木层大于灌木层、64.3%群落中乔木层大于草本层、92.9%群落中灌木层大于草本层,落叶针叶林乔木层树种丰富度小于灌木层和草本层,但其灌木层物种丰富度大于草本层。在同一或不同生长型中,物种多样性指数和均匀度指数变化大体一致。

关键词: 卧龙自然保护区, 大熊猫栖息地, 植物群落, 物种多样性

Abstract:

Based on the survey and the data from 64 vegetation quadrat,characteristics of species diversity of plant communities in the Giant Panda habitat of Wolong Natural Reserve were discussed in this paper.The results showed that the variation trends of species diversity indices and evenness indices along the different vegetation types were almost the same: evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest>temperate coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest>deciduous broad-leaved forest>temperate coniferous forest>subalpine coniferous forest,but the species richness indices varied as follows: temperate coniferous forest>deciduous broad-leaved forest>evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest>subalpine coniferous forest>temperate coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest.The species diversity of different plant communities varied with different status of geography,slope,soil,water and caloric,but the variation trends of species diversity indices and evenness indices were consistent except species richness indices.The species richness indices, species diversity indices and evenness indices of plant communities in the Giant Panda habitat increased first with altitudinal increase,and then decreased, finally got stable.Slope is not the key influencing factor to species diversity in the Giant Panda habitat.The species richness varied with aspects of slope as follows:west>north>east>south, and the species diversity indices varied with aspects of slope like this:west>south>north>east,but the evenness indices varied with aspects of slope as follows:south>west>east>north.The study detected that the species richness indices in different plant communities varied as follows: shrub layer>tree layer>herb layer; the species richness of tree layer of 42.9% of the communities were more than that of shrub layer,and the species richness of tree layer of 64.3% of the communities were more than that of herb layer,and the species richness of shrub layer of 92.9% of the communities were more than that of herb layer; the species richness of tree layer were less than that of shrub layer or herb layer in deciduous conifer forests,but the species richness of shrub layer were more than that of herb layer.The species diversity and species evenness of different or same plant growth form varied with different communities generally consistently.

Key words: Wolong Natural Reserve, Giant Panda habitat, plant community, species diversity