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林业科学 ›› 2002, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 115-120.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20020519

• 论文及研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

6种木材白腐菌对山杨材木质素分解能力的研究

池玉杰 于钢   

  1. 东北林业大学森林资源与环境学院,哈尔滨150040
  • 收稿日期:2001-10-15 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2002-09-25 发布日期:2002-09-25

STUDY ON THE DEGRADING ABILITY TO DAVID POPLAR LIGNIN OF SIX SPECIES OF WOOD WHITE-ROT FUNGI

Chi Yujie,Yu Gang   

  1. Institute of Forest Resources and Environment of Northeast Forestry University Harbin150040
  • Received:2001-10-15 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2002-09-25 Published:2002-09-25

摘要:

由于不同的木材腐朽菌的生理特性不同,所分泌的酶及酶的活性各不相同,因此,不同的腐朽菌分解木材的各种成分及相对速度就各不相同,而且对于木质纤维基质会有不同的中间代谢产物。本项研究选择了火木层孔菌(Phellius igniarius)及另外5种木材分解能力较强的阔叶树上的白腐菌:粗毛盖菌(Funalia gallica)、三色革裥菌(Lenzites tricolor)、冬拟多孔菌(Polyporellus brumalis)、偏肿拟栓菌(Pseudotrametes gibbosa)和血红密孔菌(Pycnoporus sanguineus) ,研究了它们对山杨木材木质素的分解能力,测定了经6种白腐菌分解一定时期的山杨木材木质素的含量,作为木材白腐菌对山杨木材木质素生物降解机制的初步研究,旨在为山杨木材生物制浆造纸提供应用基础理论研究,同时也可为木质素合理的生物转化为有用的化学品、生物漂白、酶处理防止机械浆的返黄、废水治理、纤维素酶解糖化的微生物前处理等提供相关的借鉴研究,以期在生产实践中减轻环境污染并充分利用木质素资源。在无菌的条件下,将山杨木片样品分别放入以上6种白腐菌的平板培养基中受菌侵染,一定时间后取出,去除木片表面的菌丝体,然后分别测定未腐朽材和受菌侵染40d、60d、80d和120d时木片样品中木质素的含量,分析6种白腐菌对山杨木材木质素的分解能力及受菌分解后木片变黄的原因。结果表明,这6种木材白腐菌对山杨木材木质素的分解能力不同,依次为血红密孔菌、偏肿拟栓菌、冬拟多孔菌、三色革裥菌、粗毛盖菌和火木层孔菌。考虑白腐菌对纤维素的分解程度,冬拟多孔菌是较多的分解木质素而较少分解纤维素的较好的木材白腐菌。

关键词: 木材白腐菌, 木质素, 分解能力

Abstract:

Because different wood-rot fungi have different physiological properties, and they can produce different enzymes with different activity, different wood-rot fungi degrade different compositions of wood with different velocities, and the middle materials degraded by different wood-rot fungi are different. In order to offer a applicating basic theory study to biopulping with david poplar wood, and offer a related study to microbial conversions of lignin to useful chemicals, biobleaching, enzymes treatment preventing from becoming yellow of mechanical pulping, wasted water control, microbial pretreatment of cellulose sugaring by enzymes, and decrease environment pollution in paper industry and make full use of lignin resources, this study selected Phellius igniarius and other 5 wood-rot fungi with higher wood degrading ability living on broad leaf trees, i.e. Funalia gallica, Lenzites tricolor, Polyporellus brumalis, Pseudotrametes gibbosa, Pycnoporus sanguineus, tested their degrading ability to david poplar wood lignin, measured the lignin content change of david poplar wood after a period of time degraded by 6 wood-rot fungi, which is the first study on the biodegradation mechanism of lignin by wood white-rot fungi. Under sterile conditions, the standard david poplar wood samples were put plate media of 6 species white-rot fungi and degraded by them. After 40 d, 60 d, 80 d and 120 d, the rotted wood samples were taken out respectively and the mycelium on the wood samples were brushed off. Then the lignin contents of primitive wood sample and rotted wood samples were measured. Results showed the lignin degrading ability of 6 species of wood white-rot fungi is different, it is Pycnoporus sanguineus, Pseudotrametes gibbbosa, Polyporellus brumalis, Lenzites tricolor, Funalia gallica and Phellius igniarius in turn. If considering the degraded extent of cellulose, Polyporellus brumalis is the better wood white-rot fungi with higher ability of degrading lignin and lower ability of degrading cellulose.

Key words: Wood white-rot fungi, Lignin, Degrading ability