Biomass, productivity, gross caloric value of fractions,ash free caloric value and the characters of the distribution and structure of energy in Casurina equisetifolia communities on homogeneous and red earth eolian sandy soil were studied in Dongshan County, Fujian Province. The results showed that the standing crop of biomass and energy of C. equisetifolia community were 15 681.84 g·m^-2 and 317 795.31 kJ·m^-2 on red earth eolian sandy soil, and they were 5 129.87 g·m^-2 and 105 751.40 kJ·m^-2 on homogeneous eolian sandy soil. On the homogeneous eolian sandy soil,the gross value of each fraction ranged 19.98 to 21.39 kJ·g^-1, of which dead branch gross caloric value was the highest, while root was the lowest, the percentage of energy of each fraction was 46.93% (truck)>16.44%(root)>13.92% (branch)> 12.28% (dead branch)> 5.87% (bark)> 3.90%(leaf)> 0.66%(fruit).The return amount of litter was 2 061.77 kJ·m^-2a^-1 and the net energy productivity was 31 298.70 kJ·m^-2a^-1 in 2002. While on the red earth eolian sandy soil,the gross value of fractions were 19.84～21.70 kJ·g^-1,among them leaf was the highest, and root was the lowest. The energy percentage of total of fractions were as follow: 38.09% (truck)>19.48%(branch)>17.09% (root)>16.86%(leaf)>6.83%(bark)> 0.88% (dead branch)>0.77% (fruit), the returned amount of litter was 9 070.47 kJ·m^-2a^-1, and the net energy productivity was 31 298.70 kJ·m^-2a^-1 in 2002. The standing crop of biomass and energy of C. equisetifolia community on red earth eolian sandy soil were higher than those on the homogeneous eolian sandy soil. The main reason to the different was that the sandy layer was thinner on the red earth eolian sandy soil (<20 cm) than that on the homogeneous sandy soil(>100 cm), during the life of tree, The main nutrient absorbed by tree came from soil, so the ability to supply nutrient and water of the red earth eolian sandy soil was better than that of the homogeneous eolian soil. But the average gross caloric value of the whole community on the homogeneous eolian sandy soil was higher than that on the red earth eolian sandy soil. That was because the crown density of the community on the red earth eolian sandy soil was higher than that on the homogeneous eolian sandy soil.

The biomass and the energy of the Casuarina equisetifolia and Acasia crassicarpa community, the C. equisetfolia and Pinus elliottii community, pure C. equisetifolia community were studied in Dongshan County, Fujian Province. The results showed as follows: the biomass and energy of C. equisetfolia and A. crassicarpa community was the highest by 16 700.64 g·m^-2 and 341 685.70 kJ·m^-2 respectively; The second is C. equisetifolia and P. elliottii community, 10 104.62 g·m^-2 and 210 128.30 kJ·g^-1; The pure C. equisetifolia community was the third, 5 129.87 g·m^-2 and 105 751.40 kJ·m^-2 respectively. There were more biomass and energy in the mixed communities than that in the pure community. Gross caloric value of fractions was as followed: the gross caloric value of fractions of C. equisetifolia and A. crassicarpa was 19.83～21.52 kJ·g^-1 and 20.00～23.27 kJ·g^-1 in their mixed community; The gross caloric value of fractions of C. equisetifolia and P. elliottii was 19.47 ～20.83 kJ·g^-1 and 20.54 ～21.54 kJ·g^-1 in the mixed community; The gross caloric value of fractions of C. equisetifolia was 19.98 ～21.27 kJ·g^-1 in the pure C. equisetifolia community. The gross caloric value of fractions of C. equisetifolia was different because of different community, the highest was in the C. equisetifolia and A. crassicarpa community, the second was in the pure C. equisetifolia community, and that in the C. equisetifolia and P. elliottii community was the lowest. There was obviously mixed efficiency in different mixed patterns. The biomass of the C. equisetifolia and A. crassicarpa community was 1.65 times as that of C.equisetifolia and P. elliottii community, and 3.26 times as that of the pure C. equisetifolia community. There was the same tendency about energy. The energy of the C. equisetifolia and A. crassicarpa community was 1.63 times as that of the C. equisetifolia and P. elliottii community, and 3.23 times as that of the pure C. equisetifolia community. While the biomass and energy of the C. equisetifolia and P. elliottii community was 1.97 times and 1.99 times as those of the pure C. equisetifolia community respectively. As a conclusion, there were more biomass and energy in the mixed communities than those in the pure community, the mixed community had higher productivity and better ecological structure and function than the pure community.

After carefully studying on water conservation and soil fertility in Chinese Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata)mixed stands in southern subtropical area, the paper showed that the water-holding capacity and soil chemical properties in the mixed stands were better than those in pure stand. The ability of water holding in C.lanceolata-Mytilaria laosensis forest was the largest, but C.lanceolata-Eucalyptus grandis×E.urophylla forest was the smallest, and in C.lanceolata-M.laosensis forest was 2.2 times as C.lanceolata-E.grandis×E.urophylla forest, C.lanceolata-Michelia macclurei forest and C.lanceolata-Pinus massoniana forest are almost same, and as twice as C. lanceolata-E.grandis×E.urophylla forest. The bulk density of soil in C.lanceolata-E.grandis×E.urophylla forest was the largest, but other three were no differences. Soil organic matter and nutrient content in C.lanceolata-M.laosensis forest was the largest, others were no difference. The results showed that water conservation and soil improvement in abroadleaved conifer mixed forest was far greater than pure forest.

Litter is very important for nutrient cycling in forest ecosystem. Studies on the amount of litter and its releasing regulation could provide the basis for management of Casuarina equisetifolia protective plantation, especially for management of soil system. The litter of C. equisetifolia protective plantation was collected with special collectors in Chihu Protection Forest Farm of Hui′an County,Fujian Province.The experiment for litter decomposition had been done over 3 years. The results showed that:(1)annual amount of litter of C. equisetifolia protective plantation was 13.973(20 a)and 12.385 t·hm^-2a^-1(7 a).(2)During the course of litter decomposing, the relationship between loss rate and decomposing time of litter mass could be expressed with equation W =-0.032 6t³+0.5465t²+2.1541t+0.865 7.(3)In the plantations with different ages, the content of nutrients was different. They were higher in plantation of 20 a than that of in plantation of 7 a. And there were obvious differences on content for different nutrient elements. (4)The annual amount of nutrients returned from litter was 250.24(7 a) and 280.25 kg·hm^-2a^-1(20 a). (5)According to estimation, the half-life of litter was about 1 year, and it should take about 4.4 years as 95% litter was decomposed.

Coastal Casuarina equisetifolia protection forest, especially main shelterbelt, takes very important role at improving ecological environment and promoting economy and society development. It is the base for classifying the type of main shelterbelt, measuring the term of protection maturity, and renewing and modifying main shelterbelt to quantitatively evaluate the protection effect of main shelterbelt. The protection effect of C. equisetifolia shelterbelt was evaluated with the quantitative theoryⅠ. The results showed: it could estimate the protection effect of main shelterbelt using the equation educed form quantitative theoryⅠ, and it had the higher precision. DBH, width of tree crown, and height decided the protection effect obviously, the type of physiognomy and stand density also effected it, but bole length had not obvious effect. The definition was given for the lower-effective plantation whose score of protection effect was lower than 0.440. Protection effect score—0.613 was regarded as the threshold for deciding the initial stage and telophase of protection maturity.

It is very important for regeneration and transformation of Casuarina equisetifolia protection forest and making measurements for forest management to study the soil fertility of continuously planting forest. In the study, the pure C.equisetifolia plantation of first and second generation at Dongshan, the first, second, and third generation at Hui′an were selected as the studied objects. And the properties of soil collected from those plantations were compared. The results showed as follows: (1) It made decrease on pH value and increments on hydrolytic acidity, exchangeable acidity, exchangeable H⁺, and exchangeable Al³⁺ in soil to continuously planting C. equisetifolia in coastal areas; (2)The hydrolytic N, NH₂-N, available P, available K, total C, and total N in soil were decreased by continuously planting C.equisetifolia, and those nutrition content in the surface soil were decreased more than that in the deeper layer of soil, but there was no obvious effect on slow-leased K; (3) The CEC of soil were increased by continuously planting, and this was correlated with the increment of exchangeable Ca and exchangeable Mg; (4) The activities of phosphataese, polyphenol oxidase, and peroxidase were decreased by continuously planting C. equisetifolia, however, there was no obvious change on activity of urease.

By means of the stress of different low temperatures for the pearl Guava and seedless Guava, both introduced from Taiwan, and the native Guava in Fujian province, several physio-biochemical changes of their leaves have been determined under the low-temperature stress to seek the cold resistance and bearable critical low temperature of different Guava varieties. The results showed that the bearable low temperature of Guava was -3～-4℃, the cold resistance of different varieties was different and the difference was related with the bound water/free water ratio of leaves,the content of soluble protein, and the content of soluble sugar. The cold resistance of the native Guava was higher than that of two Guava varieties introduced from Taiwan.

Competition is a vital factor to affect tree growth. Competition among trees includes aboveground and underground parts. The zone which influence the competition among trees were divided into two parts: one part was defined as inside radius in which the near trees contact by crowns and roots and the competition effect among them includes aboveground and underground parts, another part was defined as outside lane where the competition among trees came from underground. At the same time the competition index components were divided by different competition tree species, then the model of competition index was constructed. Taking each component of competition index as independent variables and the yearly volume growth as dependent variable, the competition-growth model was established with good regression result. The study provides the scientific basis for the theory research and reasonable management of Casuarina equisetifolia and Pinus elliottii mixed stand.

Based on the contrast and analysis of the growth characteristics and patterns of Pinus taeda plantation in different planting zones in Fujian Province,the results showed that,Richards function was the best model for growth of the dominant trees of Pinus taeda in Fujian Province.The height curve equation h=a₀d^a1 was most accordant the pattern of height with DBH.With the decrease of suitable degree of planting zones,the DBH increment decreased,and the year when the mean DBH increment and current annual volume increment was maximum reached earlier.

In order to clarify the effects of aluminum stress on active oxygen metabolism and membrane system, the seedlings of Longan (Dimocarpus longan)cultivated in nutritional solution were studied under the condition of aluminum stress. The results showed as follows: The cell membrane and defense system of AOS were damaged by aluminum stress. The aluminum stress caused membrane lipid peroxidation and increment of permeability of plasma membrane. Compared with CK, the content of MDA increased 5.85%～89.54%, and the leakage value of K⁺ 12.16%～132.35%, the leakage value of macromolecules 10.43%～100.08%. The reason for membrane lipid peroxidation was the accumulation of O^-·₂、H₂O₂. The producing rate of O^-·₂ was enhanced 44.49%～443.48%, and the content of H₂O₂ 0.62%～58.36% under aluminum stress. And the reason for the accumulation of AOS, such as O^-·₂,H₂O₂,was that aluminum stress damaged the harmony of cell's protective enzyme and antioxidational substances. In addition, the activities of SOD, POD, and GR were enhanced as the concentration of aluminum increased , and they reached to the maximum when the concentration of aluminum was 0.370 mmol·L^-1. However, they decreased as the concentration of aluminum increased continually. The study also indicated that the activity of CAT decreased and the AsA-POD increased gradually under aluminum stress. Aluminum stress also reduced the content of AsA. The content of GSH increased as the concentration of aluminum was enhanced. And it reached to the maximum as the concentration of aluminum was 0.740 mmol·L^-1, then it decreased when the concentration was enhanced continually.

Using scanning microscope, clairvoyant microscope and fluorescent microscope, the responses of cell ultra-structure of Longan(Dimocarpus longan) leaves and roots to aluminum stress were studied. The results showed as follows: Aluminum stress caused damage on the cell ultra-structure of Longan leaves. The damage on chloroplast was most distinguished. Under aluminum stress, membrane system of chloroplast was damaged greatly, grana lamellae twisted and disordered. It was also found that the cytoplasm segregated from cell wall and the cell wall began to decompose, the clearance between cells became smaller, the vacuole lamellae broke, and the vacuole disappeared under aluminum stress. At the same time, the membrane system of mitochondrion was destroyed, and the number of cristae reduced and even disappeared. Under aluminum stress, the apices of root enlarged, the tip of root became shorter and thicker. The damage suffering from aluminum caused different degree crack on surface of root, and this kind of damage became more serious as the concentration of aluminum increased. Meanwhile, the cell wall of root enlongation part decomposed, the clearance between cells shorted, and the cell wall lost elasticity and became harder. The membrane system was destroyed, the cytoplasm segregated from the cell wall, and the lamellae of nucleolus and mitochondrion suffered disruption. The number of starch vacuoles reduced remarkably even disappeared, and the nucleolus of division part in root tip metamorphosed and the amount of nucleolus reduced greatly.

Monthly changes in the ash contents and caloric values of the leaves of 5 Phoenix species in Palmae were discussed. The results showed as follows:(1)The range of ash contents of P. paludosa(7.25%～10.39%), P. canariensis(7.12%～10.09%)and P. dactylifera(7.01%～10.00%)was similar, and the differences were not significant by t test (P>0.05). P. canariensis, P. dactylifera and P. paludosa had the higher ash contents than P. roebelenii(6.20%～8.93%)(P<0.05)and P. hanceana(3.59%～6.94%)(P<0.000 1).(2)Seasonal changes in the gross caloric values varied with the species. The range of P. roebelenii (20.24～21.93 kJ·g^-1) was close to P. dactylifera (19.68～21.82 kJ·g^-1), and the differences were not significant by t test (P>0.05). The range of P. hanceana (18.51～21.51 kJ·g^-1), P. paludosa (18.40～20.56 kJ·g^-1) and P. canariensis(19.13～20.79 kJ·g^-1)was similar, and the differences were not significant by t test (P>0.05). P. roebelenii and P. dactylifera had the higher gross caloric values than P. hanceana(P<0.05), P. canariensis(P<0.005)and P. paludosa(P<0.000 5).(3)Gross caloric values were correlated remarkably with ash contents for P. hanceana, and gross caloric values were correlated with monthly rainfall (P<0.05) for P. hanceana, P. paludosa and P. dactylifera, respectively.(4)Seasonal ash-free caloric values varied with species, and seasonal changes in ash-free caloric values were different from that in gross caloric values, resulted from the differences in ash contents.

The caloric values and ash contents in the leaves of ten Ficus species (F. benjamina, F. microcarpa cv. golden leaves, F. concinna, F. laco, F. virens, F. elastica, F. elastica var. variegata, F. religiosa, F. auriculata, F. carica) at Xiamen Botanical Garden in spring and autumn were measured in this paper. The results showed as follows: (1) Ten Ficus species had the high ash contents, with the ash contents of over 10% for F. benjamina, F. laco, F. concinna, F. microcarpa cv. golden leaves and F. carica; (2) F. virens, F. elastica and F. auriculata had the high gross caloric values (over 20.20 kJ·g^-1), F. laco, F. benjamina, F. microcarpa cv. golden leaves, F. religiosa and F. carica had the low gross caloric values (<19.00 kJ·g^-1), meanwhile, seven species had the higher gross caloric values in spring than in autumn, but three species had opposite results; (3) Gross caloric values were correlated remarkably with ash contents both in Spring (P<0.01) and Autumn (P<0.05); (4) F. virens, F. elastica and F. benjamina had the high ash free caloric values (over 22.00 kJ·g^-1), F. carica, F. religiosa and F. laco had the low ash-free caloric values (<21.0 kJ·g ^-1).

The analysis of variance was adopted to study the genetic variation of 105 9-year-old open-pollinated progenies of Pinus massoniana at Zhongcun Felling and Silvicultural Farm of Sanming and State-owned Forest Farm of Xikou ,Xianyou,Fujian Province. The results showed that there were significant differences at 0.01 level among families in growth traits such as height,DBH and stem volume, and the variations were mainly controlled by genetic factors. There were also differences among families in wood basic density, wood chemical compositions , wood fiber traits ,stem straightness and stem fullness. Based on the production of dry wood in individual and other traits,9 excellent families for construction timber including W00251 and W00255 were selected among 105 families in Sanming and 9 excellent families for construction timber including W00308 and W00298 were selected among 105 families in Xianyou. Based on the production of cellulose in individual and other traits, 10 excellent families for pulpwood including W00249 and W00251 were selected among 105 families in Sanming and 10 excellent families for pulpwood including W00307 and W00335 were selected among 105 families in Xianyou. All the selected families had not only high production of dry wood or cellulose but also had good performance of growth traits. These families could be applied in afforestation.

Factorial diallel matings were carried out in 1982,1989 and 1991 by using excellent clones of Cunninghamia lanceolata and some clones of old C. lanceolata as parents and 58 matches were obtained which were used to build 3 control-pollinated progenies tests. According to the analysis of variance and quantitative genetics for control-pollinated progenies tests,the preliminary result was that it was a good choice to use excellent clones of C. lanceolata as female parents and to use clones of old C. lanceolata as male parents. Four excellent female parents including Jian36,Wangtai,Minqing1 and Youxi and 3 excellent male parents including Jian36,San67 and Minqing1 were selected respectively. Based on the comparative analysis and evaluation of the performances of 58 matches,6 excellent matches including San54×Min1,Wangtai×San66,Min1×Jin8,Min2×Jian36,Min1×San67 and Youxi×San67 were selected. They were very striking in production and could be used for advanced generation seed orchard or applied in vegetative propagation. These matches also could be used for advanced generation breeding.

The measurement and analysis were conducted on growth character, wood fiber form, chemical composition etc. on 13 eucalyptus clones in Yanxi and Tianma experimental point,Fujian Province. Through comprehensively evaluation on clones,the selected clones with attributes of fast-growing, higher biomass and fiber weight included C9、C10、EC1、EC3、C6, among them C9、C10、EC1 were the best. For these five clones, the average annual growth of height and DBH, and log weight and fiber production per tree were 3.93～6.60 m and 3.83～4.97 cm,9.71～20.48 kg·a^-1,4.36～9.52 kg·a^-1 in 3 years old, respectively. They were suitable for further reproduction and popularity in southern hilly land of Fujian.

Base on the investigation on fast-growing, and high-yield character, site adaptability, and economic character of ten broad-leaved tree species grown in Fujian Province, 10 broad-leaved trees species were evaluated by the method of polygonal decision. The results showed that among 10 tree species, the evalution value of fast-growing and high-yield was highest in Sassafras tsumu, and that of economic character was highest in Phoebe bournei, and for the adaptability index,Cyclobalanopsis chungii, Castanopsis hystrix, and Castanopsis kawakamii were best. 10 tree species could be divided into three grades. The Castanopsis hystrix and Phoebe bournei were in the first grade, which were the suitable tree species for planting in Fujian Province. Sassafras tsumu, Castanopsis kawakamii, Cinnamomum micranthum and Cyclobalanopsis chungii were in the second grade.

Testing the adaptivity of different tree species to sandy land can not only select the adaptive tree species for different sandy sites and enrich the resource of tree species,but also is required by the coastal protection forest ecosystem management.In this paper,the tree species that were adaptive for different sandy sites were selected by means of testing their survival percent, growing increment, and wind tolerance. The testing results showed that:1.The adaptive tree species on sandy soil behind shelterbelt were Eucalyptus grandis×E.urophylla, Eucalyptus 12 ABL, Acacia crassicarpa, A.aulacocarpa, and A.mangium. There were other 10 tree species, such as Casuarina Janghuhuiana, E. citriodora, A. auriculaeformis, Pinus elliottii etc., which could be planted on sandy soil behind shelterbelt,but were not as good as adaptive tree species.2.The adaptive tree species on cutting blank of shelterbelt were C.equisetifolia701#,C.equisetifolia601#, and A. crassicarpa. 3.The adaptive tree species on opened,windy,draught,and sandy site,which was protected by sparse and old Casuarina shelterbelt,were C.equisetifolia Hui'an 1# and C.equisetifolia Australia C38 provenance; and primary testing showed that C.equisetifolia, C.equisetifolia Aust. 15198 provenance,C. equisetifolia 701#,and C.cunnianianghamia had the potential of growth on this kind of sites.

The effect of different thinning intensity(1/2,1/3,1/4,CK) on the DBH, height, volume and biomass were studied by random block experiments in 3-year-old Eucalyptus grandis × E.urophylla plantation that the planting density was 1 650 trees·hm^-2.According to located investigations of standard area in successive 3 years before and after thinning,the results showed that the effects of thinning intensity on the DBH, the individual standing volume of forest were extremely remarkable, and that on the height,volume and biomass of stands were not remarkable. Based on the experiment results, intermediate cutting can improve the productivity of E.grandis × E.urophylla plantation,and when the density of reserve-tree after intermediate cutting was about 1 100 tree·hm^-2,the productivity of stand would be highest.

The ecological,social,economic and comprehensive benefits of different regeneration methods of trunk shelterbelts in Casuarina equisetifolia in coastal sandy soil were analysed by AHP. The results showed that the methods of regeneration by strip-felling were significantly superior to the methods of regeneration by interplanting.In the methods of regeneration by strip-felling,the ecological, social and comprehensive benefits of cutting width in 10 m were higher than any others. The cutting width in 20 m was next while the economical benefits of cutting width in 30*!m was the highest. In the methods of regeneration by interplanting, the ecological, social, economic and comprehensive benefits of which under forest after pregeneration were superior to direct one. As to the trunk shelterbelts of Casuarina equisetifolia which were only regenerated by interplanting, their comprehensive benefits could be improved obviously through pregeneration based on their canopy density and selecting the shade tolerance tree species to interplant.

In the expriments for forests land clearance ways of Eucalyptus grandis×E.urophylla second-generation sprout regeneration stand, non-burning and non-covering stump treat was the best, comparing with control burning, the non-buring was propitious to sprout early and the ratio of sprout was high, the proportion of DBH and height was harmonious, and was strongly resistant to wind. Simultaneously, logging slash of forest land and the food of termite were both rich, so the stump and stump plant were not harmed by termite, and the tree number, ratio of sprout, height and DBH is 3 217 tree·hm^-2、81.04%、7.30 m and 6.20 cm respectively in 26.5 months. Because of non-buring, logging slash decomposed and humus increased, effect of soil fertility maintenance was better. Therefore, from the angle of economy and ecology, E.grandis×E.urophylla second-generation sprout regeneration stand should be treated with non-burning and non-covering stump.

The technical methods and process how to set up the mangrove resource investigation and management on the basis of ARC/INFO and ARCVIEW GIS were discussed in the paper. By analyzing the system's structure and functional modules, the key techniques, including how to conclude and collect the investigated date, how to set up the GIS database, how to manage the database, how to query and analyze the database, and how to output the map, were studied. The effect of application showed that this system could supply the high efficient and scientific information support for investigation and management of mangrove resource in Fujian Province.

The vegetation change from 1996 to 2000 was studied with image of satellite remote sensing in Xiamen, Fujian Province . Through image data of TM interpreting, index of vegetation was calculated, the color image was generated by multi-band composing, the vegetation change and property was extracted, the information of distribution and type of vegetation change was acquired, then, formed the thematic maps. The paper should provide the basis for the study on forest ecologic environment in Xiamen of Fujian.

Involvulus haradai(Kono) adults damage the tender branch tip and young fruit of Canarium album. The experimental results of controlling the weevils by applying 4 strains of Steinernema carpocapsae Bejing、S. feltiae 4、S. longicaudum D43 and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora E-6-7(all as the insectan pathogen), artificially removing the damaged branch tip and using 8 chemical pesticides were studied in this paper. Both strains of S. carpocapsae Bejing and S. feltiae 4 possessed quite high infectivity. When their dosage reached 150 nematodes for one I. haradai larva, the indoor weevil larva mortality rate all reached 100%. The average adjusted mortality rate of S. carpocapsae Beijing was 41.2% and 73.3% respectively with that of S. feltiae 4, 39.2% and 56.2% respectively, when their nematode suspended liquid was sprayed to the projected ground of C. album crown for the forest control according to 200 000 and 400 000 nematode·m^-2 respectively. Artificially removing the damaged branch tip to clear away the insectan origin was practical under 3 m stands and was the most economical and environmentally protective method of controlling the damage to C. album forests and fruit the next year. Among 4 pesticides, the best forest control effect was the 1 000-fold solution of 16% of quinalphos·carbosulfan emulsifiable formulation and its adjusted mortality rate was 66.6%; the second one was the 2 500-fold solution of 2.5% of decamethrin emulsifiable formulation and its adjusted mortality rate was 63.0%; the third one was the 1 500-fold solution of 40% chlorpyrifos emulsifiable formulation and its adjusted mortality rate was 62.0%; and suitable spraying time was Jun.—Sep.

Systematic studies of the biological characteristics were carried out on 17 Frankia strains isolated from the root nodules of actinorhizal plants Casuarina in Fujian and Guangzhou, including morphology, culture, physiological group, nutrient utilization, nitrogenase activity and host specificity. The observations by microscopy demonstrated that all the strains tested showed a typical Frankia morphology, with filamentous hyphae, multilocular sporangia borne terminally, laterally, or in an intercalary position on branching hyphae. Terminal or lateral borne vesicles were generally formed on lack of nitrogen, the isolates FCc^AC04、FCe75、FCc92 and FCg77 formed occasionally terminal vesicles in presence of nitrogen. Variations in hypha diameter, sporangia and vesicle numbers were noted between media and isolates. The specialized reproducrive torulose hyphae were found in strains FCc64、FCc92、FCe33. The Frankia isolates whether from the same species or a single plant had a quite difference on clonal shape, color and pigment. Fifteen Frankia isolates were found to fall into three physiological groups, two isolates were belonged to group A, eight were group B and five were group AB. There was no apparent correlation of physiological groups with pattern on utilization of carbon, nitrogen and organic acids. Nearly all the isolates were likely to utilize NZ amine, sodium acetate, sodium propionate and Tween-80, but potassium nitrate and sodium benzoate, sodium succinate, sodium citrate used by different strains. Cellulase, pectinase had not been found in all isolates but proteinase was produced in some strains cultured. All strains tested grew well in the media lack of nitrogen and did not produce the cellulase. Nitrogenase activity of strains was monitored in culture and varied greatly among isolates. The inoculation expriment result showed that the strains from Casuarina not only had ability to infect Casuarina, but also to infect Myrica rubra, Elaeagnus angustifoli and Alnus cremastogym. And it reflected that Frankia in roots of Casuarina in China might have a wide diversity.

Anoplophora chinensis was an important wood borer of Casuarina spp.in protection forest. Mature larvae overwintered in xylem of the beef wood trunk. Pupating of larvae of cerambycid beetle was in middle and last ten days of April. Pupal period was 21～26 d, and the peak period of emergence was in middle and last ten days of May. Pupal period was 25 d at 19.5℃ and it was 21*!d at 21.5℃. Incipient temperature for pupa to develop was at (13.91±0.69)℃, and effective accumulated temperature was (144.04±15.96)d℃. According to changing in form and colour of pupa, all pupa periods could be divided into four period, in each period pupa, srespective morphological character occurred. Adult most liked Melia azedarach as supplying nutrients.A female adult fed on bead tree oviposited 156～198 eggs, on an average 176.4 eggs, Which was 3.14 times that that of female fed on Casuarina spp., and the spawned amount each day was 1.57 times that of the latter. Life span of female taking food on bead tree was 72～110 d, on an average 91.8%; Life span of male was 88～125 d, on an average, 103 d. Life spans of female and male were, respectively, 30.2 d and 40*!d more than that on Casuarina spp.

In the Fuzhou State Forest Park, It was installed that the insect catcher which contained the FJ-MA-02 attractant in the mixed forest of pine and broad-leaved tree. The study results showed that each catcher trapped 119.3 insects averagely including 46.48% female insects, and each female insect had 37.8 eggs averagely. In the middle of Fujian Province, the proper time for trapping insects was from May to August. The number of insects in the trapping site decreased one third in the next year. The catcher could catch the live insects that conld be used in all kinds of trials.

Measures of rehabilitation of low yielding bamboo stand were taken to control the damage of Aculus bambusae, including brush cutting and weeding without fertilizing, after rehabilitation fertilizing once, fertilizing and spraying pesticide once, fertilizing twice or fertilizing and spraying pesticide twice. The effect of control Aculus bambusae by fertilized and sprayed pesticide after brush cutting and rehabilitation was 78.9～85.8%, the damage index of mites descented but it rised a little if having not fertilized. After reconstruction, the index such as quantity, diameter, yield of the new bamboo, leaf area, fresh weight of 100 leaves, dry weight of 100 leaves were higher than the CK. The economy benefit of bamboo stand was notable by carrying out 5 measures and the ratio of input to output were 1∶2.4,1∶3.3,1∶3.6,1∶5.7,1∶6.1 respectively. It was suggested to adapt to local condition to control Aculus bambusae accompanying the rehabilitating the low yielding forest, cutting, rehabilitation, fertilizing and spraying pesticide were taken if the mites infested severely and spraying pesticide be taken if the mites were lightly occurred.

The study on planting Pleurotus ostreatus (Jecq:Fr.) Quél was conducted by taking Casuarina equisetifolia a broad-leaved tree growing quickly as the raw material and taking other mixed broad-leaved tree species as the contrast. The result show that the formulation of half sawdust and half cottonseed dull is suitable for P. ostreatus culture. The average yield of P. ostreatus (Jecq:Fr.) Quél planted with the main raw material of C. equisetifolia is 1.365 kg·bag^-1. It is 0.333 kg·bag^-1 higher than 1.032 kg·bag^-1,the average yield of P. ostreatus (Jecq:Fr.) Quél planted with the main raw material of other mixed broad-leaved tree species. And the infection rate of sawdust of C. equisetifolia is 8.72% higher than that of weed tree. The biological efficiency is almost the same, which is 106.061% and 103.823% respectively. The aspects of content of protein, sugar, fat, cellulose, amino acids and the sort of amino acid of P. ostreatus (Jecq:Fr.) Quél planted with the sawdust of C. equisetifolia and the weed tree sawdust are extremely close with those of P. ostreatus (Jecq:Fr.) Quél with the weed tree sawdust. All of these showed that the tree of C. equisetifolia may be used as raw material for planting edible fungi of P. ostreatus (Jecq:Fr.) Quél etc.The success of planting edible fungi of of P. ostreatus (Jecq:Fr.) Quél etc. with C. equisetifolia as the material in the coastal area was obtained, which was a innovation protective forest as edible fungi forest.

Slash Pine(Pinus elliottii) is an introduced tree species that can adapt different site types. Since 1970s, in order to enrich the tree species resource, Slash Pine was planted on the cut-over area of Casuarina equisetifolia protection forest in Chishan Protection Forest Farm of Dongshan County, Fujian Province. It could prevent soil fertility from degeneration, improve forest productivity and provide fundamental data for soil ecological management to study the soil nutrient content and enzyme activities of different age stands of Slash Pine. The effect of Slash Pine on fertility of coastal sandy land was studied in this paper. The results showed that it would make the soil acid to plant Slash Pine on the cut_over area of C.equisetifolia protection forest Compared, because the pH value was declined as the growth of Slash Pine stand, and it declined to 3.96(0～20 cm) and 3.87(20～40 cm) when Slash Pine stand was 26 a; Compared with the second generation coastal protection forest of C.equisetifolia the nutrients content in the soil of 26 a Slash Pine stand were lower than that in the soil of the second generation forest, especially for available P, available K, and total N. The CEC in soil layer of 0～20 cm was obviously effected by Slash Pine. In this soil layer, the CEC was increased as the growth of Slash Pine stands, and it was as 1.22 times as the content in the soil of the second generation forest. There was no obvious effect on urease activity, but the activities of phosphataese, polyphenol oxidase, and peroxidase were declined by planted Shash Pine on the cut_over area of Casuarina protection forest.

Specific weight, photosynthetic rate, respiratory rate and the N, P, K content were studied in different parts of leaves of Dendrocalamopsis oldhamii in one-year-old, two-year-old and three-year-old during various shoot growing. The results showed that there were obvious differences in the characteristics in the various leaf position of the three-year-old D. oldhamii during various shoot growing. The specific weight of leaves in prosperous stage of shoot growing was higher than that in initial stage and last stage, and presented the tendency of decreasing with D. oldhamii aging and increasing with the leaf position rising. The net photosynthetic rate in prosperous stage were higher than those in initial stage, while the light and the dark respiratory rate in initial stage were higher than those in prosperous stage,but they all presented great variability in the various age and the various leaf position. The N, P, K contents decreased from initial stage to prosperous stage during the shooting period, and the N content was one-year-old>two-year-old>three-year-old, which in the middle height layers was the highest. The P,K content presented the tendency of decreasing with the height rising and increasing with D. oldhamii aging.

The first progeny test on 131 plus-tree progeny families of Fokienia hodginsii selected from Fujian Province and Hunan Province was carried out in State-owned Forest Farm of Yong'an, Fujian. The average seedling height and seedling base diameter at one-year-old were 31.73 cm and 4.05 mm respectively. With statistical methods,such as variance and correlation analysis, the genetic variations of F. hodginsii were studied based on the investigation of one-year-old seedling traits from different families. The results showed that there were abundant variations within F. hodginsii and very significant differences among families in seedling height and base diameter. The variations in seedling height were more than those in seedling base diameter which were mainly controlled by genetic factors. There were very significant correlations among seedling heights at different stages based on the average total seedling height every 15 days. Genetic correlation coefficient was a good index to reveal the relationship among traits. The net growth of seedling height showed great difference at different stages. Its value was small at early stage and reached peak from August 30 to September 15 and from October 30 to November 15. But the net growth of seedling base diameter showed little difference at different stages. Its value ranged from 0.17 mm to 0.22 mm every 15 days. According to the seedling height, 15 excellent families were preliminarily selected from 131 tested families. The average genetic gains of 15 excellent families'seedling height and base diameter were 30.00% and 10.12% respectively. The averages of 15 excellent families'seedling height and base diameter were 42.1 cm and 4.7 mm respectively. The selection effect was very striking.

The origin of Cupressus gigantea is in Linzhi, Xizang.It is a precious timber species and courtyard greening species,belonging to the first class national protecting species. C. gigantea has been introduced and domesticated to Fujian province since 1999.Its seed germination was tested by the method of temperature gradients.The results indicated that its seed germination rate was above 50 percent at 10℃, 18℃, and 25℃, and 41.30 percent at 30℃. Its seed germination rate at low temperature was higher than that at high temperature. The suitable temperature was from 10℃ to 18℃. There was significant difference in seedling growth between C. gigantea and Fokienia hodginsii at one-year-old and two-year-old. The average height of Cupressus gigantea seedlings at two-year-old was 61.8 cm, and the average basal diameter was 0.51 cm. Its root system was developed. It had stable growth potential, and no pest and disease occurrence. The results proved that C. gigantea had a fairly high adaptability in the east of Fujian Province, and it could be introduced and domesticated successfully in Fujian Province.

DNA extracted directly from the living nodules of Casuarina cunninghamiana, C.collina, C.glauca, Alnus cremastogyne, A.trabeculosa and Myrica rubra and also from 21 Frankia strains isolated from the root nodules of the actinorhizal plants in Fujian, including C. cunninghamiana, C.equisetifolia, C.glauca, A.cremastogyne and M.rubra. PCR amplification was conducted with the primers targeting the 3' end of the 16S rDNA, the IGS, and the 5' part of the 23S rDNA (i.e.,rrn region). PCR products were then analyzed by using a set of restriction endonucleases. Two distinct genetic groups were recognized on the basis of these restriction patterns. All Frankia strains associated with the host species of Casuarina were assigned to the same group. Frankia living in the nodules of Myrica and Alnus belonged to the other group. In Myrica-Alnus group, there was two sub-group which one included A.cremastogyme and the other contained A.trabeculosa and M.rubra. The results of RFLP analysis showed that the genetic diversity of Frankia associated with Casuarina could be lower, but Frankia existed in the soils of Fujian Province would have more richness in genetic diversity. The results also reflected that host plant has an ability to choose the strains to form a symbiont.

In the paper, the ultra-low-volume spraying of oil formulation of Beauveria bassiana was used to control Dendrolimus punctatus. The results indoor and outdoor showed that conidial powder of B. bassiana had a good control effect on D.punctatus with mortality of more than 80%, and started appearing white cadaver on the sixth day after spraying with concentrations of 200 mL·(667 m²)^-1 and the mortality reached 70.9% on the seventh day. Adding Femalerate in oil formulation had a significant addition toxicity effect, and the more the density of Fenvalerate,the more is the mortality of D.punctatus, and they attained death peak on the fifth day after spraying with Femalerate of 0.4 mL·(667 m²-1, and mortality attained 96.1% after fifteen days. There were the most droplet at a spraying distance of 4 m, and effective spray width was from 2 m to 6 m with mortality of more than 85%, and mortality of pests were positively relative with quantities of droplet.

Latoia lepida is one of the main defoliators for the mangrove forest. The survey in the forest revealed that L.lepida principally distributed on the middle and upper parts of crown, the position soaked by seawater for short time gradually decreased from the internal beach to the external beach, the average injured percentage was 46.3% on the internal beach (high tide position), and the average injured percentage was only 13.8% on the external beach (middle tide position). The seawater soak-resistant experiment indicated that the influence of different soak times existed the extremely marked different on L.lepida survival rate, the population mortality rate increased with the increase of soaking time after soaking for more than 4 h, the population mortality reached the peak at the time of soaking for 8 h, and then the population survival rate stabilized to a certain level. The difference was not obvious among various-generation larval adversity resistance, the difference was evident among various-instars larval adversity resistance, the adversity resistance of larvae on seawater soaking was the main reason for the larval population distribution law and the large outbreak of L.lepida in the forest.