中国主要人工林木材的VOCs组成及气味特征

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220166

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: In order to screen suitable wood raw materials for the production of low odor wooden household materials, and to provide the treatment object and basis, the volatile organic compounds(VOCs) composition and odor substance characteristics of main plantation wood in China were studied and determined in this paper. Method: The VOCs compositions of bark/heart wood/sapwood of five main plantations in China, including Populus cathayana, Eucalyptus sp., Cunninghamia lanceolata, Pinus massoniana and Cinnamomum camphora, were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). At the same time, the odor types and odor intensity of main odor substances in each part of wood were characterized according to the combined sniffing instrument Result: The VOCs components of Populus cathayana, Eucalyptus sp., Cunninghamia lanceolata, Pinus massoniana and Cinnamomum camphora include terpenes, alcohols, ketones, acids, aldehydes, esters, phenols and furan heterocyclic compounds. VOCs are mainly distributed in the heart wood/sapwood of Cinnamomum camphora, Pinus massoniana, and in the heart wood of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Eucalyptus sp. Linalool and safrole are the specific and rich components in Cinnamomum camphora. α-pinene riched in pine heart wood/sapwood also exists in a small amount in Cinnamomum camphora. α-cedrene and β-cadinene are the two largest components in heart wood of Cunninghamia lanceolata. Correspondingly, δ-cadinene and α-muurolene are the two largest components in heart wood of Eucalyptus sp. In addition to a small amount of salicylaldehyde, benzaldehyde and furan components in the bark, the VOCs content in the heart wood/sapwood of Populus cathayana is very small. Wood odor mainly comes from terpenes, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes and esters in wood VOCs. Linalool, safrole, eugenol and β-caryophyllene are the main odor characteristic substance of Cinnamomum camphora. In Pinus massoniana, α-pinene is rich and had the typical aroma of rosin and turpentine. However, the odour intensity of β-caryophyllene, with lower mass concentration, is equal to that of α-pinene. The odor substances in cunninghamia lanceolata and Eucalyptus sp. are concentrated in their heart wood, and the odor intensity of α-muurolene is the highest. Furthermore, the same VOC component shows different odor characteristic when its content is different. And different people have different senses when smelling the same wood, including Eucalyptus sp., Cunninghamia lanceolata, Pinus massoniana and Cinnamomum camphora. Conclusion: The sapwood of Eucalyptus sp., Cunninghamia lanceolata, and the heart wood/sapwood of Populus cathayana are the best choice for the preparation of low total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) and low odor wooden household products.

Key words: plantation wood, volatile organic compounds, odor, GCMS-olfactory analysis

CLC Number:

TS67

Lihua Qi,Xianwu Zou,Bin Lü,Yuejin Fu,Lina Tang,Liming Zhu,Qian Chen,Bo Liu,Botao Li. VOCs Composition and Odor Characteristics of Main Plantation Wood in China[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(11): 103-117.

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1

Fig.1

Table 2

Chemical composition of VOCs from five kinds of wood"

保留时间Retention time/min	化合物名称 Compound name	含量Content / (μg?g^?1)
		樟木Cinnamomum camphora			马尾松Pinus massoniana			杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata			速生桉Eucalyptus sp.			青杨Populus cathayana
		心材 Heart wood	边材 Sapwood	树皮 Bark	心材 Heart wood	边材 Sapwood	树皮 Bark	心材 Heart wood	边材 Sapwood	树皮 Bark	心材 Heart wood	边材 Sapwood	树皮 Bark	心材 Heart wood	边材 Sapwood	树皮 Bark
7.976	乙酸 Acetic acid	—	—	—	—	1.15	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
8.684	丙酮Acetone	—	—	—	3.40	0.22	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
9.693	戊烯1-Pentene	—	—	0.12	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
9.703	丁烯酮Methyl vinyl ketone	—	0.12	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—
10.432	雪松醇 Cedrol	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	5.01	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
11.213	正戊醛Pentanal	—	—	—	—	0.04	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
13.085	正己醛Hexanal	—	—	—	—	5.15	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
13.094	戊烯2-Pentene	0.09	—	0.63	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
13.110	3-戊烯-2-酮3-Penten-2-one	—	0.81	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
14.616	正己醇1-Hexanol	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.15	—
14.635	糠醛Furfural	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.32	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
15.483	庚醛Heptanal	—	—	—	—	0.58	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
15.563	α-水芹烯alpha-Phellandrene	0.02	0.31	0.06	1.51	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
15.578	侧柏烯Thujene	0.36	0.09	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
15.584	α-硫烯alpha-Thujene	—	—	—	0.21	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
15.861	三环烯Tricyclene	—	—	—	0.83	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
16.040	α-蒎烯alpha-Pinene	1.40	1.09	0.20	1 029.21	131.42	0.30	2.96	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
16.640	α-葑烯alpha-Fenchene		—	—	0.09	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
16.789	莰烯Camphene	—	—	—	23.59	2.11	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
16.893	脱氢桧烯Dehydrosabinene	—	—	—	—	1.90	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
17.035	β-月桂烯beta-Myrcene	1.77	2.15	1.43	29.01	1.54	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
17.253	桧烯Sabinene	5.37	2.59	0.36	—	0.23	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
17.374	2,4-壬二烯醛2,4-Nonadienal	—	—	—	—	0.27	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
17.423	呋喃Furan	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.88	1.74	0.25
17.618	β-蒎烯beta-Pinene	1.07	0.75	0.09	43.75	12.65	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
17.854	反式-2-（2-戊烯基）呋喃trans-2-(2-Pentenyl)furan	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.02
18.002	己酸 Hexanoic acid	—	—	—	—	0.40	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
18.143	1,3-环己二烯1,3-Cyclohexadiene	—	—	0.31	—	0.26	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
18.369	反式-β-罗勒烯trans-beta-Ocimene	0.01	0.14	0.10	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
18.516	苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.19	—	4.16
18.536	(+)-4-蒈烯(+)-4-Carene	—	0.91	1.26	0.83	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
18.560	辛醛Octanal	—	—	—	—	2.72	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
18.928	3-蒈烯3-Carene	—	—	1.52	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
18.945	D-柠檬烯D-Limonene	2.44	1.51	—	35.50	4.95	1.15	1.13	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
19.021	o-伞花烃o-Cymene	1.90	0.51	—	—	—	—	0.45	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
19.304	β-水芹烯beta-Phellandrene	0.58	0.91	0.61	58.94	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
19.560	桉叶油醇Eucalyptol	40.76	44.81	16.24	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
19.814	γ-松油烯gamma-Terpinene	0.48	1.28	1.65	1.21	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
20.982	正辛醇 1-Octanol	—	—	—	—	0.32	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
21.103	异松油烯Terpinolene	—	—	0.40	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
21.145	环己烯Cyclohexene	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
21.393	2-辛烯醛2-Octenal	—	—	—	—	0.82	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—
21.618	2-呋喃甲醇2-Furanmethanol	—	0.50	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
21.862	水杨醛Salicylaldehyde	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	4.87
22.210	芳樟醇Linalool	209.95	495.84	98.67		—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
22.574	壬醛Nonanal	—	—	—	—	4.47	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
22.792	莰烯醇Camphenol	—	—	—	—	0.86	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
23.012	3,5-二甲基己醇3,5-Dimethylcyclohexanol	—	—	—	—	0.29	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
23.287	1,3,8-p-薄荷三烯1,3,8-p-Menthatriene	—	—	2.09	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
23.317	波斯菊萜Cosmene	0.09	0.35	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
23.405	葑酮Fenchone	—	—	—	1.46	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
24.278	乙酸桃金娘酯 Myrtenyl acetate	—	—	—	—	1.25	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
24.712	葑醇Fenchol	—	—	—	0.30	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
25.162	龙脑烯醛alpha-Campholenal	—	—	—	—	5.02	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
26.178	顺式-香桧醇cis-Sabinol	—	—	—	—	7.67	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
26.880	莰酮Camphor	4.44	8.28	0.38
27.077	水化香桧烯Sabinene hydrate	14.80	39.78	3.63	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
27.090	4-侧柏酚4-Thujanol	13.95	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
27.126	松油烯-4-醇Terpinen-4-ol	—	—	—	10.32	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
27.545	松香芹酮Pinocarvone	—	—	—	1.55	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
27.674	龙脑Camphol	—	—		0.27	—	—	0.54	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
27.897	α-松油醇alpha-Terpineol	29.62	96.92	9.08	30.75	—	0.05	11.14	0.31	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
28.483	3,7-辛二烯-2,6-二醇3,7-Octadiene-2,6-diol	—	—	0.51	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
28.494	脱氢芳樟醇Hotrienol	0.31	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
28.500	正丁酸Butanoic acid	—	1.13	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
28.686	香茅醇Citronellol	0.46	1.96	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
28.839	桃金娘烯醇(-)-Myrtenol	—	—	—	—	0.15	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—
29.077	香叶醇cis-Geraniol	—	0.22	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
29.305	桃金娘烯醛Myrtenal	—	—	—	—	0.78	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
29.401	反式香苇醇trans-Carveol	—	—	—	—	3.35	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
30.007	乙酸熏衣草酯Lavandulyl acetate	0.34	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
30.025	橙花醇Nerol	—	0.57	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
30.895	马鞭草烯酮Verbenone	—	—	—	0.13	0.78	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
30.947	癸烯醛2-Decenal	—	—	—	—	0.25	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
31.313	苄基丙酮Benzylacetone	—	—	—	0.09	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
31.873	乙酸龙脑酯Bornyl acetate							0.75
32.041	黄樟油精Safrole	130.82	171.77	13.09	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
32.882	δ-榄香烯delta-EIemene	—	0.31	0.93	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
33.785	百里香酚Thymol	—	—	—	3.96	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
33.988	4-萜品烯乙酸酯 4-Terpinenyl acetate	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.24	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
34.293	α-长叶蒎烯alpha-Longipinene	—	—	—	40.35	20.69	0.67	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
34.602	依兰烯Ylangene	0.20	0.65	1.00	2.55	1.87	—	0.54	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
34.801	古巴烯Copaene	11.85	10.64	14.00	—	—	—	1.34	—	—	3.50	0.33	—	—	—	—
34.865	环苜蓿烯Cyclosativene	—	—	—	12.19	8.47	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
35.115	丁香烯Clovene	—	—	—	—	—	1.11	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
35.168	月桂烯醛2-Dodecenal	—	—	—	—	1.56	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
35.420	β-榄香烯beta-Elemene	0.01	6.19	5.08	—	—	—	16.48	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
35.542	长叶环烯Longicyclene	—	—	—	34.06	20.76	1.09	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
35.546	γ-古云烯gamma-Gurjunene	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.14	—	—	—	—	—
35.641	丁香油酚Eugenol	2.27	6.84	2.17	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
35.688	2-epi-α-柏木萜烯 2-epi-alpha-Funebrene	—	—	—	—	—	—	3.48	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
35.807	顺式香柠檬烯cis-alpha-Bergamotene	10.76	0.05	38.80	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
35.847	Di-epi-α-雪松烯Di-epi-alpha-cedrene-(I)	—		—	—	—	—	5.42	—	0.23	—	—	—	—	—	—
36.001	异黄樟油精Isosafrole	0.36	0.69	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
36.013	(+)-苜蓿烯(+)-Sativene	—	—	—	23.35	16.77	0.51	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
36.232	苷菊环烃Azulene	—	—	—	—	1.18	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
36.233	α-檀香烯alpha-Santalene	92.43	135.90	200.95	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
36.253	异戊烯Isoledene	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.57	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
36.268	愈创木烯beta-Guaiene	—	—	—	2.05	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
36.588	α-古云烯alpha-Gurjunene	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	7.93	0.30	—	—	—	—
36.704	反式香柠檬烯 trans -alpha-Bergamotene	—	12.99	16.29	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
36.832	E-β-金合欢烯E-beta-Famesene	1.12	0.76	1.66	34.49	11.36	—	7.66	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
36.941	γ- 榄香烯gamma-Elemene	3.50		—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
36.950	大根香叶烯Germacrene	—	4.98	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
37.067	β-依兰烯beta-Ylangene	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.52	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
37.258	2-冰片烯2-Bornene	—	—	0.47	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
37.293	长叶松萜烯Longifolene	—	—	—	835.96	475.15	15.16	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
37.307	α-雪松烯alpha-Cedrene	—	—	—	—	—	—	223.18	0.29	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
37.462	β-雪松烯beta-Cedrene	—	—	—	—	—	—	36.88	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
37.543	石竹烯Caryophyllene	7.62	16.07	1.48	80.38	12.22	0.44	29.38	—	0.19	7.23	—	—	—	—	—
37.609	Epi-β-檀香烯Epi-beta-Santalene	2.13	3.51	11.89	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
37.954	(+)-β-雪松烯(+)-beta-Cedrene	—	—	—	—	—	—	57.94	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
38.124	β-檀香烯beta-Santalene	12.26	29.43	82.04	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
38.139	顺式罗汉柏烯cis-Thujopsene							8.88	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
38.614	γ-姜黄烯gamma-Curcumene	—	—	—	—	—	—	3.07	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
38.772	(+)-瓦伦烯(+)-Valencene	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.50	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
38.887	α-姜黄烯alpha-Curcumene	0.28	—	0.97	—	—	—	7.47	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
38.944	α-喜马沙拉烯alpha-Himachalene	—	—	—	1.00	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
39.134	蛇麻烯Humulene	13.15	35.74		11.26	3.19	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
39.190	γ-依兰油烯gamma-Muurolene	—	—	16.46	—	—	—	67.16	—	—	7.34	—	—	—	—	—
39.389	别香橙烯 Alloaromadendrene	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	4.78	0.08	—	—	—	—
39.520	香橙烯Valencene	5.31	—	0.62	—	—	—	1.50	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
39.730	β-甜没药烯beta-Bisabolene	—	—	—	2.77	2.21	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
39.831	β-姜黄烯beta-Curcumene	—	—	—	—	—	—	9.10	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
39.939	β-石竹烯beta-Caryophyllene	1.76	2.80	8.86	2.24	0.44	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
40.057	α-依兰油烯alpha-Muurolene	0.20	1.04	9.13	—	0.15	—	27.26	—	—	16.96	0.72	—	—	—	—
40.326	庚烯2-Heptene	—	—	0.92	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
40.404	γ-新丁烯gamma-Neoclovene	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.31	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
40.433	绿花烯Viridiflorene	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	1.04	—	—	—	—	—
40.527	香树烯(-)-Alloaromadendrene	—	—	—	1.24	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
40.584	β-蛇床烯beta-Selinene	—	—	10.71	—	—	—	17.00	—	—	1.40	—	—	—	—	—
40.769	α-蛇床烯alpha-Selinene	1.42	—	10.60	—	—	—	13.48	—	—	0.44	—	—	—	—	—
40.797	甘菊环烃Azulene	—	1.92	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
40.977	β-喜马沙拉烯beta-Himachalene	—	—	—	1.49	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
41.019	β-杜松烯beta-Cadinene	7.55	12.98	42.39	—	—	—	120.78	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
41.170	δ-杜松烯delta-Cadinene	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	26.30	0.06	—	—	—	—
41.309	γ-杜松烯gamma-Cadinene	—	—	—	—	—	—	13.98	—	—	11.11	0.10	—	—	—	—
41.539	表姜烯酮Epizonarene	—	—	1.52	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
41.693	佐拿烯Zonarene	—	—	—	—	—	—	6.28	—	—	2.44	—	—	—	—	—
41.735	花侧柏烯Cuparene	—	—	—	—	—	—	4.61	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
41.878	顺式-菖蒲烯cis-Calamenene	0.47	0.49	13.81	—	—	—	—	—	—	9.88	—	—	—	—	—
42.010	荜澄茄油烯Cubenene	0.47	1.19	9.04	—	—	—	3.12	—	—	0.27	—	—	—	—	—
42.225	反式菖蒲烯trans-Calamenene	—	—	—	—	—	—	2.29	—	—	0.73	—	—	—	—	—
42.324	α-杜松烯alpha-Cadinene	—	—	—	—	—	—	4.14	—	—	2.60	—	—	—	—	—
42.514	反式香榧醇trans-Nuciferol	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.47	—	—	—	—	—	—		—
42.697	异长叶烯Isolongifolene		—	4.99	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
42.785	肉豆蔻酯Myristicin	4.36	6.94	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
43.052	芹子烷-3,7(11)齐墩果二烯Selina-3,7(11)-diene	—	—	2.03	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
43.389	α-甜旗烯alpha-Calaheartne	—	—	4.65	—	—	—	6.15	—	—	0.76	—	—	—	—	—
44.744	β-甜旗烯beta-Calacorene	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.95	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
45.633	α-檀香醇alpha-Santalol	—	—	5.73	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
45.677	β-奥普酮beta-Oplopenone	1.66	5.27	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
46.127	肉豆蔻醛Tetradecanal	—	1.58	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
46.195	香苇醇Carveol	—	—	0.49	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
47.894	α-荜澄茄烯alpha-Corocalene	—	—	0.42	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
48.341	1,2-长二酮1,2-Longidione	—	—	—	—	2.50	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
48.775	松柏烯Cembrene	—	—	—	—	18.15	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Characteristics of odor substances in plantation wood"

			气味强度Odor intensity
序号 Serial number	化合物 Compound	气味特征 Odor characteristics	樟木 Cinnamomum camphora			马尾松 Pinus massoniana			杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata			速生桉 Eucalyptus sp.
			心材 Heart wood	边材 Sapwood	树皮 Bark	心材 Heart wood	边材 Sapwood	树皮 Bark	心材 Heart wood	边材 Sapwood	树皮 Bark	心材 Heart wood	边材 Sapwood	树皮 Bark
1	α-蒎烯 alpha-Pinene	松节油香味 Turpentine fragrance	—	—	—	4	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
2	β-月桂烯 beta-Myrcene	清淡瓜香味 Light melon flavor	—	—	—	2	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
3	β-蒎烯beta-Pinene	松节油香味 Turpentine fragrance	—	—	—	4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
4	D-柠檬烯D-Limonene	柠檬香味 Lemon fragrance	—	—	—	1	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
5	α-长叶蒎烯alpha-Longipinene	苦味Bitter	—	—	—	3	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
6	古巴烯Copaene	坚果味Nutty	3	3	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
7	环苜蓿烯(+)-Cyclosativene	臭屁虫味Stinky odor	—	—	—	3	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
8	苜蓿烯(+)-Sativene	清香味Fersh	—	—	—	3	1	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
9	长叶环烯Longicyclene	清甜味Fresh,sweet	—	—	—	3	1	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
10	β-榄香烯beta-Elemene	焦香Scorched aroma	—	3	3	—	—	—	3	—	—	—	—	—
11	β-石竹烯beta-Caryophyllene	丁香、麻酱香、甜香Clove,sesame sauce, sweet	4	4	4	4	4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
12	α-依兰油烯alpha-Muurolene	清新花香、甜香 Fresh floral fragrance, sweet	2	3	4	—	—	—	4	—	—	4	—	—
13	顺式-菖蒲烯cis-Calamenene	苦味Bitter	2	2	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	3	—	—
14	β-杜松烯beta-Cadinene	苦味Bitter	—	2	2	—	—	—	3	—	—	—	—	—
15	顺式-香柠檬烯 cis -alpha.-Bergamotene	清甜香Fresh,sweet	3	3	4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
16	长叶烯Longifolene	甜腻香Sweet and greasy fragrance	—	—	—	3	2	1	—	—	—	—	—	—
17	石竹烯Caryophyllene	木香味、苦味 Banksia rose, bitter	2	2	—	2	2	—	2	—	—	1	—	—
18	蛇麻烯Humulene	清香Fresh	2	2	—	2	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
19	γ-姜黄烯gamma-Curcumene	酸味Sour	—	—	—	—	—	—	2	—	—	—	—	—
20	γ-依兰油烯gamma-Muurolene	糖香味Sugar fragrance	—	—	—	—	—	—	3	—	—	—	—	—
21	E-β-金合欢烯E-beta-Famesene	清甜香Sweet and fragrant	—	—	—	4	3	—	3	—	—	—	—	—
22	α-雪松烯alpha-Cedrene	青草Grassy smell	—	—	—	—	—	—	3	—	—	—	—	—
23	β-姜黄烯beta-Curcumene	茶香Tea aroma	—	—	—	—	—	—	1	—	—	—	—	—
24	β-蛇床烯beta-Selinene	木香、轮胎味 Banksia rose, tire odor	—	—	2	—	—	—	3	—	—	1	—	—
26	荜澄茄油烯Cubenene	清香Fresh	—	—	2	—	—	—	2	—	—	—	—	—
27	桉叶油醇Eucalyptol	樟脑香气Camphor	3	4	2	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
28	芳樟醇Linalool	花香、木香 Floral fragranc, banksia rose	5	5	4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
29	顺式-香桧醇cis-Sabinol	核桃苦味 Walnut bitterness	—	—	—	—	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
30	龙脑Camphol	草味Grassy	—	—	—	—	—	—	3	—	—	—	—	—
31	α-松油醇alpha-Terpineol	丁香味、清香、苦味Ding flavor, fresh, bitter	3	4	3	3	—	—	3	—	—	—	—	—
32	香茅醇Citronellol	玫瑰甜香 Rose sweet fragrance	—	1	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
33	反式香苇醇trans-Carveol	芝麻香Sesame flavor	—	—	—	—	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
34	黄樟油精Safrole	黄瓜味Cucumber flavor	4	5	4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
35	丁香油酚Eugenol	哈密瓜味 Hami melon flavor	4	4	4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
36	异黄樟油精Isosafrole	大茴香味Anise flavor	—	2	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
37	正己醛Octanal	木香Banksia rose	—	—	—	—	2	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
38	辛醛Octanal	清香Fresh	—	—	—	—	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
39	癸烯醛2-Decenal	黄瓜味Cucumber flavor	—	—	—	—	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
40	月桂烯醛2-Dodecenal	柑橘香Citrus	—	—	—	—	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
41	乙酸龙脑酯Bornyl acetate	茶香Tea aroma	—	—	—	—	—	—	1	—	—	—	—	—
42	肉豆蔻酯Myristicine	苦味Bitter	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
43	乙酸熏衣草酯Lavandulyl acetate	花清香Flower	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
44	莰酮Camphor	草味Grassy	—	1	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
45	马鞭草烯酮Verbenone	黄瓜味Cucumber flavor	—	—	—	—	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

Table 4

Table 5

References 0

	(荷)里奥·范海默特. 2018. 化合物嗅觉阈值汇编. 李智宇等, 译. 北京: 科学出版社.
	van Gemert L J. 2018. Compilations of odour threshold values in air, water and other media. Li Z Y, et al. Translated. Beijing: Science Press.［in Chinese］
	沈　隽, 蒋利群. 人造板VOCs释放研究进展. 林业工程学报, 2018, 3 (6): 1- 10.
	Shen J, Jiang L Q. A review of research on VOCs release from wood-based panels. Journal of Forestry Engineering, 2018, 3 (6): 1- 10.
	王启繁, 沈　隽, 曾　彬, 等. 漆饰贴面刨花板VOCs及气味释放. 林业科学, 2020, 56 (5): 130- 142. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20200515
	Wang Q F, Shen J, Zeng B, et al. VOCs and odor emission from lacquer veneer particleboards. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56 (5): 130- 142. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20200515
	王云霖. 我国人工林发展研究. 林业资源管理, 2019, (1): 6- 11. doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2019.01.002
	Wang Y L. Review on China’s plantation development since the reform and opening up. Forest Resources Management, 2019, (1): 6- 11. doi: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2019.01.002
	Brattoli M, Cisternino E, Dambruoso P, et al. Gas chromatography analysis with olfactometric detection (GC-O) as a useful methodology for chemical characterization of odorous compounds. Sensors, 2013, 13 (12): 16759- 16800. doi: 10.3390/s131216759
	Ghadiriasli R, Mahmoud M, Wagenstaller M, et al. Molecular and sensory characterization of odorants in Cembran pine (Pinus cembra L. ) from different geographic regions . Talanta, 2020, 220, 121380. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121380
	Ghadiriasli R, Wagenstaller M, Buettner A. Identification of odorous compounds in oak wood using odor extract dilution analysis and two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/olfactometry. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2018, 410 (25): 6595- 6607. doi: 10.1007/s00216-018-1264-7
	Lu W J, Duan Z H, Dong L, et al. Characterization of odor emission on the working face of landfill and establishing of odorous compounds index. Waste Management, 2015, 42, 74- 81. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.04.030
	Rosenkranz H S, Cunningham A R. Environmental odors and health hazards. Science of the Total Environment, 2003, 313 (1/2/3): 15- 24.
	Schreiner L, Loos H M, Buettner A. Identification of odorants in wood of Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin by aroma extract dilution analysis and two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/olfactometry . Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2017, 409 (15): 3719- 3729. doi: 10.1007/s00216-017-0314-x
	Sun J, Hu S, Sharma K R, et al. An efficient method for measuring dissolved VOSCs in wastewater using GC-SCD with static headspace technique. Water Research, 2014, 52, 208- 217. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.10.063
	Wang Q F, Shen J, Wang H Y, et al. Determination of odor-active compounds from Phoebe neurantha (Hemsl.) Gamble and Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Lour. by GC-MS/O and micro-chamber combined with Tenax TA and multi-bed tubes . Wood Science and Technology, 2021a, 55 (4): 1135- 1151. doi: 10.1007/s00226-021-01268-8
	Wang Q F, Shen J, Zeng B, et al. Research on VOCs and odor from heartwood and sapwood of paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent.) with different moisture content . Wood Science and Technology, 2021b, 55 (4): 1153- 1170. doi: 10.1007/s00226-021-01292-8
	Xiong J Y, Chen F, Sun L, et al. Characterization of VOC emissions from composite wood furniture: parameter determination and simplified model. Building and Environment, 2019, 161, 106237. doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106237

气味强度 Odor intensity	0	1	2	3	4	5
气味评价 Odor evaluation	无味 Odorless	勉强可感觉出的气味 Barely perceptible	稍可感觉出的气味（嗅阈值） Slightly perceptible odor (olfactory threshold)	易感觉出的气味 Lightly perceptible odor	较强的气味 Strong odor	强烈的气味 Intensive odor

树种 Tree species	部位 Part	气味类型 Odor type	气味强度 Odor intensity
樟木 Cinnamomum camphora	心材Heart wood	浓郁薄荷、樟脑气味Rich mint and camphor aromas	4级4 grade
	边材Sapwood	浓郁薄荷、樟脑气味Rich mint and camphor aromas	4级4 grade
	树皮Bark	浓郁薄荷、樟脑气味Rich mint and camphor aromas	4级4 grade
马尾松 Pinus massoniana	心材Heart wood	松香、松节油气味Rosin and turpentine odors	5级5 grade
	边材Sapwood	浓郁薄荷味、酸味混合气味Rich mint and sour mixed odor	4级4 grade
	树皮Bark	较淡焦香味Mild burnt aroma	2级2 grade
杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata	心材Heart wood	刺激性的木香味Irritating wood fragrance	5级5 grade
	边材Sapwood	稍有气味Slightly odorous	2级2 grade
	树皮Bark	勉强可感觉到气味Barely perceptible	1级1 grade
速生桉 Eucalyptus sp.	心材Heart wood	青草味Grassy smell	4级4 grade
	边材Sapwood	青草味Grassy smell	3级3 grade
	树皮Bark	中草药气味Chinese herbal medicine odor	3级3 grade
青杨 Populus cathayana	心材Heart wood	潮湿青草味Moist grass odor	3级3 grade
	边材Sapwood	青草味Grassy smell	3级3 grade
	树皮Bark	青草味Grassy smell	3级3 grade

序号 Serial number	化合物 Compound	实测嗅阈值 Measured olfactory threshold / (mg?m^?3)	文献中嗅阈值（里奥·范海默特，2018） Olfactory thresholdin references/ (mg?m^?3)
1	芳樟醇Linalool	1.28	6.0(1 999)
2	黄樟油精Safrole	2.16	16~30(1 971)
3	丁香油酚Eugenol	0.03	0.005~0.005 5(1 936)、0.2(1 931)、0.23(1 922)、 0.2~0.23(1 927)
4	α-蒎烯alpha-Pinene	13.94	0.1（2 003）、23（2 000）
5	β-石竹烯beta-Caryophyllene	0.027	11.0~13.0(1 983)
6	α-依兰油烯alpha-Muurolene	0.011	—

[1]	Xuan Song,Zehua Wang,Guoyue Yu,Fan Wang,Shuang Shan,Yongjun Zhang,Shanning Wang. Localization, Ligand Binding Characteristics and Ligand Activity of an Odorant Binding Protein, AplaOBP2, from Agrilus planipennis [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(9): 130-139.
[2]	Bin Zeng,Jun Shen,Qifan Wang,Huajun Dong. Analysis of Odorants in Cinnamomum burmannii Wood with Different Moisture Contents [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(4): 133-141.
[3]	Heng Liu,Fujun Shi,Weishui Li,Zhongmian Wei,Ruoke Ma,Zhigao Liu,Yingjian Li,Yunlin Fu. Distinguishability of Dalbergia odorifera and Dalbergia tonkinensis in Wood Anatomic Properties and Extraction Chemical Compositions [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(2): 103-114.
[4]	Qifan Wang,Jun Shen,Bin Zeng,Huiyu Wang,Tianyu Cao,Huajun Dong. VOCs and Odor Emission from Lacquer Veneer Particleboards [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(5): 130-142.
[5]	Sifan Shen,Zhen Zhang,Xiangbo Kong,Fu Liu,Sufang Zhang. Research Techniques of Insect Odour Receptors and Their Application in Forest Insects [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(5): 150-159.
[6]	Changlin Liu,Guoying Zhou,Bai Xiao,Jun Liu. Diversity of Endophytic Fungi in Heartwood and Sapwood of Dalbergia odorifera [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(4): 109-120.
[7]	Zhulin Chen,Xuefeng Wang. Prediction of Total Iron Content in Dalbergia odorifera Leaves Based on Vegetation Index and Multispectral Texture Parameters [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(2): 89-98.
[8]	Zhulin Chen,Xuefeng Wang,Qingjun Guan. Nondestructive Estimation of Total Phosphorus Content in Canopy Leaves of Young Dalbergia odorifera [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(11): 145-152.
[9]	Zhou Xianwu, Gao Yulei, Su Minglei, Zhao Rongjun, Lü Jianxiong. Progress of Research on Improvement of Genetic Engineering to Wood Properties [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2018, 54(3): 152-160.
[10]	Zhu Ke, Du Guangyue, Zheng Huanqi, Zhou Yucheng. The Concentration of Formaldehyde and VOC Released from Running Multi-Layer Parquet for Ground with Heating System [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2018, 54(11): 73-78.
[11]	Peng Xiaorui, Zhang Zhankuan. Influence of Plasma Treatment on Six Kinds of Wood Surface Wettability [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2018, 54(1): 90-98.
[12]	Yang Qingqing, Yang Zhongyang, Chen Xiaohua, Yu Xuebiao, Xue Yang, Wang Xiaoyan. Interspecific Associations of Dominant Plant Populations in Secondary Forest of Syzygium odoratum in Tropical Coast [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2017, 53(9): 105-113.
[13]	Zheng Jian, Wu Zhaohui, Chen Qiuxia, Ma Xiaohua, Xia Haitao, Wang Jinwang. Influence of Shading on Growth and Physiology of Dalbergia odorifera Seedlings [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2016, 52(12): 50-57.
[14]	Hua Shengzhou, Chen Jungang, Yu Xinxiao, Bi Huaxing, Fu Yanlin, Chen Jing, Sun Fengbin. Correlation between Terpenes Emission from Typical Forest Tree Species and Environmental Elements in Temperate Zone [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2016, 52(11): 19-28.
[15]	Du Chao, Shen Jun. Comparison of the Rapid Testing Method for VOCs-Emissions from Wood-Based Panels with the Chamber Method [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2015, 51(3): 109-115.

VOCs Composition and Odor Characteristics of Main Plantation Wood in China

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 6

References 0

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments