基于水源涵养服务视角的汀江（韩江）流域森林横向生态补偿标准

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220696

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: Forest ecological compensation is an important measure to deal with environmental degradation and balancing regional development. Combined with the theory of forest ecosystem service flow and based on the direction of forest ecological benefit, horizontal compensation standards for forest ecological benefit from water retention service were studied in order to provide a scientific basis for improving the cross-provincial watershed forest ecological compensation mechanism. Method: Taking the Tingjiang (Hanjiang) river basin as an example, the equivalent factor method, water footprint method and gravitational model were used to study the overflow value of forest water retention services and their spatial transfer in the watershed under study to determine the compensation standards balancing the benefits between the receivers and the suppliers of compensation, Result: 1) The spillover value of forest water retention service in Longyan City, Zhangzhou City and Sanming City in the upstream area of the Tingjiang (Hanjiang) river basin was approximately RMB 804.49 million , RMB 58.57 million and RMB 130.38 million respectively. Guangdong Province should pay a total of about RMB 993.45 million in ecological compensation funds for water conservation to Fujian Province. 2) The region with the widest radiation area provided by Sanming City, Zhangzhou City, and Longyan City was Meizhou City, and Meizhou City undertook the main ecological compensation funds. 3) Longyan City received the most water-containing horizontal ecological compensation funds, accounting for 80.98% of the total compensation funds. The largest forest ecological compensation amount for forest water retention paid by Meizhou City, accounting for 88.89% of the total ecological compensation funds. Conclusion: The upstream areas of the watershed all have the spillover value of forest water retention services, with different radiation range and radiation amount to the downstream areas. The horizontal ecological compensation funds paid by the downstream beneficiary areas of the studied watersheds do not exceed 1% of the local GDP, which has good feasibility in compensation practice and it provides a scientific basis for the formulation of horizontal compensation standards for forest ecological benefits in watersheds.

Key words: horizontal ecological compensation, forest ecological benefits, water retention service, compensation standards, Tingjiang(Hanjiang) river basin

CLC Number:

S719
X321

Honghong Yu,Jiameng Yang,Zixuan Wan. Horizontal Compensation Standards for Forest Ecological Benefits in Tingjiang (Hanjiang) River Basin Based on the Perspective of Water Retention Service[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(2): 1-9.

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序号Serial number	生态服务类型Types of ecological services	当量因子Equivalent factor
1	气体调节Gas regulation	3.5
2	气候调节Climate regulation	2.7
3	水源涵养Water conservation	3.2
4	土壤形成与保护Soil formation and conservation	3.9
5	废物处理Waste disposal	1.31
6	生物多样性保护Biodiversity protection	3.26
7	食物生产Food production	0.1
8	原材料Raw materials	2.6
9	娱乐文化Entertainment culture	1.28

保护主体Protective area	补偿金额The amount of compensation	支付客体 Objects of payment
保护主体Protective area	补偿金额The amount of compensation	受益区1Benefited area 1	受益区2Benefited area 2
保护区1 Benefited area 1	$ A $	$A\times \dfrac{a}{a+b }$	$A\times \dfrac{b}{a+b}$
保护区2 Benefited area 2	$ B $	$B\times \dfrac{c}{c+d}$	$B\times \dfrac{d}{c+d}$
保护区1+保护区2 Benefited area 1+benefited area 2	$ A+B $	$ A\times \dfrac{a}{a+b}+B\times \dfrac{c}{c+d} $	$ A\times \dfrac{b}{a+b}+B\times \dfrac{d}{c+d} $

地区Areas	气体调节Gas regulation	气候调节Climate regulation	水源涵养Water conservation	土壤形成与保护Soil formation and conservation	废物处理Waste disposal	生物多样性保护Biodiversity protection	合计Total
龙岩Longyan	123 852.35	95 543.24	113 236.44	138 006.91	46 356.17	115 359.62	632 354.73
漳州Zhangzhou	16 657.95	12 850.42	15 230.13	18 561.72	6 234.83	15 515.69	85 050.74
三明Sanming	17 929.19	13 831.09	16 392.40	19 978.24	6 710.64	16 699.76	91 541.32
汕头Shantou	39 560.94	30 518.44	36 170.00	44 082.19	14 807.10	36 848.19	201 986.86
梅州Meizhou	92 441.37	71 311.91	84 517.82	103 006.09	34 599.48	86 102.53	471 979.20
潮州Chaozhou	17 535.17	13 527.13	16 032.15	19 539.19	6 563.16	16 332.75	89 529.55
揭阳Jieyang	221.71	171.03	202.70	247.04	82.98	206.50	1 131.96
合计Total	308 198.68	237 753.26	281 781.64	343 421.38	115 354.36	287 065.04	1 573 574.36

农产品种类 Types of agricultural products	虚拟水含量 Virtual water content/（kg?m^?3）	农产品种类 Types of agricultural products	虚拟水含量 Virtual water content/（kg?m^?3）
粮食Food	1.13	奶类Dairy	0.79
牛肉Beef	19.99	禽蛋Eggs	5.561
猪肉Pork	3.561	水果Fruits	0.387
羊肉Mutton	18.005

地区Areas	总体水足迹（亿m³）Total water consumption （hundred million m³）	水资源供给（亿m³）The water supply （hundred million m³）	自身消费生态服务价值（万元）Own consumption ecological service value （ten thousand yuan）	外溢生态服务价值（万元）Spillover ecological service value （ten thousand yuan）
龙岩 Longyan	31.17	107.65	32 787.55	80 448.89
漳州 Zhangzhou	35.3	57.36	9 372.80	5 857.33
三明 Sanming	29.09	142.17	3 354.12	13 038.28
合计 Total	95.56	307.18	45 514.47	99 344.50

Horizontal Compensation Standards for Forest Ecological Benefits in Tingjiang (Hanjiang) River Basin Based on the Perspective of Water Retention Service

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保护区域Protective regions	辐射区域Radiation regions	辐射面积Radiation areas/km²	辐射量（万元）Radiation quantity （ten thousand yuan）
龙岩Longyan	汕头Shantou	56	74.02
	潮州Chaozhou	477	1 164.22
	梅州Meizhou	5 655	20 189.53
漳州Zhangzhou	汕头Shantou	172	62.25
	潮州Chaozhou	2 489	2 748.31
	梅州Meizhou	3 118	1 441.00
三明Sanming	揭阳Jieyang	460	36.39
	汕头Shantou	305	24.42
	潮州Chaozhou	3 136	378.99
	梅州Meizhou	13 367	1 835.32

受偿主体Subjects of compensation	支付主体Objects of payment
受偿主体Subjects of compensation	揭阳Jieyang	汕头Shantou	潮州Chaozhou	梅州Meizhou	受偿总额Total
龙岩Longyan	0.00	277.89	4 369.03	75 801.97	80 448.89
漳州Zhangzhou	0.00	86.08	3 786.05	1 985.20	5 857.33
三明Sanming	208.04	139.83	2 172.48	10 517.93	13 038.28
支付总额Total	208.04	503.80	10 327.56	88 305.10	99 344.50