梵净山保护区主要雉类的繁殖期栖息地选择与空间分布

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20201114

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: The purpose of this work is to understand the habitats selection and spatial distribution of main pheasant species in Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve during breeding period and provide scientific basis for effective management of rare pheasants. Method: From April to July during the breeding season of pheasants from 2017 to 2019,60 camera traps were set up in 3 sample regions (20 cameras in each sample region) to monitor the pheasants living in the area. The habitats selection patterns of four species of pheasants were studied based on occupancy modelling. Result: 1) A total of 882 independent valid photos were obtained by infrared camera. Seven species of pheasants were recorded,including Syrmaticus ellioti,Bambusicola thoracicus,Tragopan temminckii,Chrysolophus pictus,and etc. 2) The results of occupancy modelling showed that altitude was the major factor affecting the occupancy rate of the four main pheasants,and the pheasants had different altitudinal distribution patterns. The occupancy rate of Syrmaticus ellioti,Bambusicola thoracicus,and Chrysolophus pictus were negatively correlated with the altitude (Bambusicola thoracicus mainly lived at altitude below 1 100 m; Syrmaticus ellioti mainly lived at altitude below 1 500 m; Chrysolophus pictus have adapted to life at different elevation). However,the occupancy rate of Tragopan temminckii,who actively lived at altitude above 1 500 m,was positively correlated with the altitude. 3) The four main species of pheasants showed two different patterns of vegetation type selection. Bambusicola thoracicus and Chrysolophus pictus were obviously inclined to choose coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest for habitat,and obviously not preferred to choose evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest; while Syrmaticus ellioti and Tragopan temminckii were inclined to choose evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest,and obviously not preferred to choose coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest. Meanwhile,as for the selection of slope,Syrmaticus ellioti and Tragopan temminckii had similar selection pattern in which the habitation was positively correlated with the slope index; Bambusicola thoracicus and Chrysolophus pictus,on the other hand,showed a different pattern in which the habitation was negatively correlated with slope index. Conclusion: In this study,the habitat selection and spatial distribution differences of four species of pheasants were studied by using the occupancy modelling in Fanjingshan Nature Reserve. The results preliminarily revealed the coexistence pattern of the four main pheasants during breeding period.

Key words: Fanjingshan Reserve, camera trapping, occupancy modelling, habitats selection, pheasant

CLC Number:

S718.63

Cheng Wang,Wei Ran,Zhaohui Yang,Xing Bi,Haijun Su,Canshi Hu,Lei Shi,Mingming Zhang. Habitats Selection and Spatial Distribution of Main Pheasants in Fanjingshan Reserve during Breeding Period[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(11): 134-142.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Optimal model of pheasant in Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve"

模型Model	AIC	ΔAIC	AICwgt	Model likelihood	No.Par	初始占用率 Native occupancy estimate	探测率 Detection probability
	白颈长尾雉Syrmaticus ellioti					0.41	0.20
psi(CBF, EL), p(.)	283.16	0.00	0.10	1.00	4
psi(EF, EBF, CBF, EL, SL), p(.)	283.55	0.39	0.08	0.82	7
psi(BF, EBF, CBF, EL, SL), p(.)	283.54	0.38	0.08	0.82	7
psi(EL), p(.)	284.04	0.88	0.06	0.64	3
psi(CBF, EL, SL), p(.)	284.1	0.94	0.06	0.63	5
psi(EBF, CBF, EL), p(.)	284.64	1.48	0.05	0.48	5
psi(EL, SL), p(.)	284.65	1.49	0.05	0.47	4
psi(BF, CBF, EL), p(.)	284.97	1.81	0.04	0.40	5
psi(EBF, EL), p(.)	284.98	1.82	0.04	0.40	4
psi(EF, CBF, EL), p(.)	285.09	1.93	0.04	0.38	5
	灰胸竹鸡Bambusicola thoracicus					0.17	0.41
psi(EF, EL), p(.)	156.89	0.00	0.09	1.00	4
psi(EF, EBF, EL), p(.)	157.26	0.37	0.08	0.83	5
psi(EF, EL, SL), p(.)	157.85	0.96	0.06	0.62	5
psi(EF, CBF, EL), p(.)	157.92	1.03	0.05	0.60	5
psi(BF, CBF, EL), p(.)	157.98	1.09	0.05	0.58	5
psi(EF, EBF, EL, SL), p(.)	158.78	1.89	0.04	0.39	6
psi(EF, BF, EL), p(.)	158.86	1.97	0.03	0.37	5
psi(CBF, EL), p(.)	158.88	1.99	0.03	0.37	4
psi(EF, CBF, EL, SL), p(.)	158.89	2.00	0.03	0.37	6
	红腹角雉Tragopan temminckii					0.34	0.30
psi(CBF, EL), p(.)	268.83	0.00	0.10	1.00	4
psi(CBF, EL, SL), p(.)	269.34	0.51	0.08	0.77	5
psi(EL, SL), p(.)	270.03	1.20	0.05	0.55	4
psi(EL), p(.)	270.06	1.23	0.05	0.54	3
psi(EBF, CBF, EL), p(.)	270.33	1.50	0.05	0.47	5
psi(BF, CBF, EL), p(.)	270.55	1.72	0.04	0.42	5
psi(EF, CBF, EL), p(.)	270.8	1.97	0.04	0.37	5
	红腹锦鸡Chrysolophus pictus					0.45	0.34
psi(EL), p(.)	347.42	0.00	0.09	1.00	3
psi(CBF, EL), p(.)	347.67	0.25	0.08	0.88	4
psi(EBF, EL), p(.)	348.1	0.68	0.06	0.71	4
psi(EL, SL), p(.)	348.46	1.04	0.05	0.59	4
psi(CBF, EL, SL), p(.)	348.85	1.43	0.04	0.49	5
psi(EBF, CBF, EL), p(.)	348.88	1.46	0.04	0.48	5
psi(EF, EL), p(.)	349.25	1.83	0.04	0.40	4
psi(EF, EBF, EL), p(.)	349.34	1.92	0.03	0.38	5
psi(BF, EL), p(.)	349.36	1.94	0.03	0.38	4
psi(EBF, EL, SL), p(.)	349.41	1.99	0.03	0.37	5

Table 3

Fig.2

Fig.3

Table 4

References 0

	丁平, 杨月伟, 梁伟, 等. 贵州雷公山自然保护区白颈长尾雉栖息地研究. 动物学报, 1996, 42 (S1): 62- 68.
	Ding P , Yang Y W , Liang W , et al. The habitat of Elliot's pheasant in the Leigong Mountain Nature Reserve. Acta Zoologica Sinica, 1996, 42 (S1): 62- 68.
	韩婉诗, 王德良. 湖南九龙江国家森林公园白鹇栖息地选择的季节变化. 林业科学, 2017, 53 (8): 71- 80.
	Han W S , Wang D L . Seasonal variation in habitat selection of the Silver Pheasant (Lophura nycthemera) in Jiulongjiang National Forest Park, Hunan. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2017, 53 (8): 71- 80.
	蒋志刚, 江建平, 王跃招, 等. 中国脊椎动物红色名录. 生物多样性, 2016, 24 (5): 501- 551.
	Jiang Z G , Jiang J P , Wang Y Z , et al. Red list of China′s vertebrates. Biodiversity Science, 2016, 24 (5): 501- 551.
	李宏群, 韩宗先, 吴少斌, 等. 大木山自然保护区红腹锦鸡对冬季生境的选择性. 东北林业大学学报, 2011, 39 (11): 76- 78. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5382.2011.11.021
	Li H Q , Han Z X , Wu S B , et al. Winter foraging-site selection of Golden Pheasant in Damu Mountain Nature Reserve, China. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2011, 39 (11): 76- 78. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5382.2011.11.021
	梁伟, 郑光美, 张正旺, 等. 利用无线电遥测位点分析红腹锦鸡的生境利用. 动物学报, 2003, 49 (2): 179- 184.
	Liang W , Zheng G M , Zhang Z W , et al. Habitat use by Golden Pheasants (Chrysolophus pictus) based on radio-tracking locations. Current Zoology, 2003, 49 (2): 179- 184.
	刘鹏, 黄晓凤, 顾署生, 等. 江西官山自然保护区四种雉类的生境选择差异. 动物学研究, 2012, 33 (2): 170- 176.
	Liu P , Huang X F , Gu S S , et al. Habitat selection of four sympatric pheasants in Guanshan National Nature Reserve, Jiangxi, China. Zoological Research, 2012, 33 (2): 170- 176.
	刘少英, 孙治宇, 冉江洪, 等. 四川九寨沟自然保护区兽类调查. 兽类学报, 2005, 25 (3): 273- 281. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1050.2005.03.011
	Liu S Y , Sun Z Y , Ran J H , et al. Mammalian survey of Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province. Acta Theriologica Sinica, 2005, 25 (3): 273- 281. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1050.2005.03.011
	史海涛, 郑光美. 红腹角雉取食栖息地选择的研究. 动物学研究, 1999, 20 (2): 131- 136. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0254-5853.1999.02.009
	Shi H T , Zheng G M . Study on the relation between habitat selection and diet of Temminck's tragopan. Zoological Research, 1999, 20 (2): 131- 136. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0254-5853.1999.02.009
	唐继荣, 徐宏发, 徐正强. 鹿类动物数量调查方法探讨. 兽类学报, 2001, 21 (3): 221- 230. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1050.2001.03.010
	Tang J R , Xu H F , Xu Z Q . Comments on the deer population survey methods. Acta Theriologica Sinica, 2001, 21 (3): 221- 230. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1050.2001.03.010
	王德良, 辜娇峰, 何平. 八大公山红腹角雉对植被因素选择的分析. 山东大学学报:理学版, 2009, 44 (3): 17- 21.
	Wang D L , Gu J F , He P . Analysis on vegetation selection of Temminck′s tragopan on Mt. Badagongshan. Journal of Shandong University: Natural Science Edition, 2009, 44 (3): 17- 21.
	吴波, 朱春全, 李迪强, 等. 长江上游森林生态区生物多样性保护优先区确定-基于生态区保护方法. 生物多样性, 2006, 14 (2): 87- 97. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-0094.2006.02.001
	Wu B , Zhu C Q , Li D Q , et al. Setting biodiversity conservation priorities in the Forests of the Upper Yangtze Ecoregion based on ecoregion conservation methodology. Biodiversity Science, 2006, 14 (2): 87- 97. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-0094.2006.02.001
	杨海龙, 李迪强, 朵海瑞, 等. 梵净山国家级自然保护区植被分布与黔金丝猴生境选择. 林业科学研究, 2010, 23 (3): 393- 398.
	Yang H L , Li D Q , Duo H R , et al. Vegetation distribution in Fanjing Mountain National Nature Reserve and habitat selection of Guizhou Golden Monkey. Forest Research, 2010, 23 (3): 393- 398.
	张明明, 杨朝辉, 王丞, 等. 贵州梵净山国家级自然保护区鸟兽红外相机监测. 生物多样性, 2019, 27 (7): 813- 818.
	Zhang M M , Yang Z H , Wang C , et al. Camera-trapping survey on mammals and birds in Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve, Guizhou, China. Biodiversity Science, 2019, 27 (7): 813- 818.
	张正旺, 丁长青, 丁平, 等. 中国鸡形目鸟类的现状与保护对策. 生物多样性, 2003, 11 (5): 414- 421.
	Zhang Z W , Ding C Q , Ding P , et al. The current status and a conservation strategy for species of Galliformes in China. Biodiversity Science, 2003, 11 (0): 414- 421.
	周政贤. 梵净山研究. 贵阳: 贵州人民出版社, 1990.
	Zhou Z X . Study on Fanjingshan Reserve. Guiyang: Guizhou People's Publishing House, 1990.
	Burnham K P, Anderson D R. 2002. Model selection and multimodel Inference: apractical information-theoretic approach. Springer, New York.
	Barbieri M M , Berger J O . Optimal predictive model selection. Annals of Statistics, 2004, 32 (3): 870- 897. doi: 10.1214/009053604000000238
	Drouilly M , Clark A , O'riain M J . Multi-species occupancy modelling of mammal and ground bird communities in rangeland in the Karoo: a case for dryland systems globally. Biological Conservation, 2018, 224 (2018): 16- 25.
	Garden J G , Mcalpine C A , Possingham H P , et al. Using multiple survey methods to detect terrestrial reptiles and mammals: what are the most successful and cost-efficient combinations. Wildlife Research, 2007, 34 (3): 423- 431.
	Geldman J , Barnes M , Coad L , et al. Effectiveness of terrestrial protected areas in reducing biodiversity and habitat loss (systematic review). Biological Conservation, 2013, 161 (3): 230- 238.
	Herremans M . Conservation status of birds in Botswana in relation to land use. Biological Conservation, 1998, 86 (2): 139- 160.
	Hirzel A H , Lay G L , Véronique Helfer , et al. Evaluating the ability of habitat suitability models to predict species presences. Ecological Modelling, 2006, 199 (2): 142- 152.
	Keeping D . Rapid assessment of wildlife abundance: estimating animal densitywith track counts using body mass-day range scaling rules. Animal Conservation, 2014, 17 (5): 486- 497.
	Li S , Mcshea W J , Wang D J , et al. The use of infrared-triggered cameras for surveying phasianids in Sichuan Province, China. Ibis, 2010, 152 (2): 299- 309. doi: 10.1111/j.1474-919X.2009.00989.x
	Macfaden S W , Capen D E . Avian habitat relationships at multiple scales in a New England forest. Forest Science, 2002, 48 (48): 243- 253.
	MacKenzie D I , Nichols J D , Lachman G B , et al. Estimating site occupancy rates when detection probabilities are less than one. Ecology, 2002, 83 (8): 2248- 2255. doi: 10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[2248:ESORWD]2.0.CO;2
	MacKenzie D I , Bailey L . Assessing the fit of site-occupancy models. Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics, 2004, 9 (3): 300- 318. doi: 10.1198/108571104X3361
	MacKenzie D I , Nichols J D , Royle J A , et al. Occupancy estimation and modeling: inferring patterns and dynamics of species occurrence. Burlington: Academic Press, 2006.
	Matsuura T , Suzuki W . Analysis of topography and vegetation distribution using a digital elevation model: case study of a snowy mountain basin in northeastern Japan. Landscape and Ecological Engineering, 2013, 9 (1): 143- 155. doi: 10.1007/s11355-012-0187-2
	Morris D W . Shadows of predation: habitat-selecting consumers eclipse competition between coexisting prey. Evolutionary Ecology, 2003, 17 (4): 393- 422. doi: 10.1023/A%3A1027304601301
	O′connell A F, Nichols J D, Karanth K U. 2011. Camera traps in animal ecology. Japan: Springer.
	Parra G J . Resource partitioning in sympatric delphinids: space use and habitat preferences of Australian snubfin and Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins. Journal of Animal Ecology, 2006, 75 (4): 862- 874.
	Penjor U , Macdonald D , Wangchuk S , et al. Identifying important conservation areas for the Clouded Leopard Neofelis nebulosa in a mountainous landscape: inference from spatial modeling techniques. Ecology and Evolution, 2018, 8 (1): 4278- 4291.
	Pouzols F M , Toivonen T , Minin E D , et al. Global protected area expansion is compromised by projected land-use and parochialism. Nature, 2014, 516, 383- 386.
	Rich L N , Miller D A W , Robinson H S , et al. Using camera trapping and hierarchical occupancy modelling to evaluate the spatial ecology of an African mammal community. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2016, 53 (4): 1- 11.
	Sachot S , Perrin N , Neet C . Winter habitat selection by two sympatric forest grouse in western Switzerland: implications for conservation. Biological Conservation, 2003, 112 (3): 373- 382.
	Schoener T W . Resource partitioning in ecological communities. Science, 1974, 185 (4145): 27- 39.
	Torre I , Arrizabalaga A . Species richness and abundance of small mammals along an elevational gradient of a Mediterranean mountain. Vie et Milieu, 2009, 59 (2): 203- 212.
	Weyde L K V D , Mbisana C , Klein R . Multi-species occupancy modelling of a carnivore guild in wildlife management areas in the Kalahari. Biological Conservation, 2018, 220, 21- 28.
	Wintle B A , Elith J , Potts J M . Fauna habitat modelling and mapping: a review and case study in the Lower Hunter Central Coast region of NSW. Austral Ecology, 2005, 30 (7): 719- 738.

解释变量Explanatory variable	描述Description	类型Type
海拔 Elevation (EL)	相机安装点位的海拔(范围: 700~2 300 m) The elevation of the camera sites(Range: 700~2 300 m)	连续变量 Numeric
坡度 Slope (SL)	基于地理空间云平台(www.gscloud.cn)30 m分辨率的DEM数据, 获取相机安装点位的实际坡度(7°~45°)DEM data based on 30 m resolution of geospatial cloud platform(www.gscloud.cn), the actual slope(7°~45°) of the camera sites is obtained.	连续变量 Numeric
中山常绿落叶阔叶林 Evergreen deciduous broad-leaved forest (EBF)	中山常绿落叶阔叶林记为1, 其他记为0 Evergreen deciduous broad-leaved forest in mid-alpine region was recorded as 1, others was recorded as 0	分类变量 Categorical
常绿阔叶林 Evergreen broad-leaf forest (EF)	常绿阔叶林记为1, 其他记为0 Evergreen broad-leaf forest was recorded as 1, others was recorded as 0	分类变量 Categorical
落叶阔叶林 Broadleaved deciduous forest (BF)	落叶阔叶林记为1, 其他记为0 Broadleaved deciduous forest was recorded as 1, others was recorded as 0	分类变量 Categorical
针阔混交林 Coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest (CBF)	针阔混交林记为1, 其他记为0 Theropencedrymion was recorded as 1, others was recorded as 0	分类变量 Categorical

物种Species	保护级别 Protection level	相机位点 Camera sites	可识别照片数 Number of recognizable images	独立有效照片数 Number of independent images
白颈长尾雉Syrmaticus ellioti	Ⅰ	31	476	141
灰胸竹鸡Bambusicola thoracicus		16	496	184
红腹角雉Tragopan temminckii	Ⅱ	25	783	233
红腹锦鸡Chrysolophus pictus	Ⅱ	28	962	285
环颈雉Phasianus colchicus		1	7	3
白冠长尾雉Syrmaticus reevesii	Ⅱ	1	2	1
勺鸡Pucrasia macrolopha	Ⅱ	4	150	35

物种Species	物种互作因子SIF	标准误SE
A-B	1.21	0.28
A-C	0.68	0.20
A-D	1.74	0.31
B-C	0.83	0.23
B-D	1.48	0.40
C-D	0	—

[1]	Yuan Baodong, Yan Yongfeng, Cheng Zhiying, Lu Changhu. Roost Habitat Characteristics and Differences of Mrs Hume's Pheasant (Syrmaticus humiae) in Spring and Summer Night [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2017, 53(9): 143-150.
[2]	Han Wanshi, Wang Deliang. Seasonal Variation in Habitat Selection of the Silver Pheasant (Lophura nycthemera) in Jiulongjiang National Forest Park, Hunan [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2017, 53(8): 71-80.
[3]	Li Jia, Liu Fang, Li Diqiang, Xu Haiqing, Jiang Jun. Daily Activity Rhythm of Temminick's Tragopan (Trgopan temminckii) Based on Infrared Camera Monitoring [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2017, 53(7): 170-176.
[4]	Cheng Songlin, Mao Yixian, Hu Eryi, Lei Ping, Yuan Rongbin, Zou Sicheng. Population Biology and Altitudinal Distribution of Caboti Tragopans in Jiangxi Wuyishan Nature Reserve [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2017, 53(10): 160-167.
[5]	Wu Yuzhen, Feng Ruizhi. ISSR Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Two Brown-Eared Pheasant (Crossoptilon mantchuricum) Populations [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2013, 49(11): 103-108.
[6]	Li Hongqun;Lian Zhenmin;Chen Cungen. Selection of Winter Dust-Bathing Sites by Brown-Eared Pheasant in Huanglong Mountains Nature Reserve, China [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2011, 47(11): 93-98.
[7]	Zhang GuogangZhang ZhengwangYang FengyingLi Shiguang. Habitat Selection of Brown-Eared Pheasant at the Wulushan National Nature Reserve of Shanxi, China [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2010, 46(11): 100-103.
[8]	Li Hongqun;Lian Zhenmin. Nest-Sites Selection of Brown Eared-Pheasant（Crossoptilon mantchuricum）in Huanglong Mountains Nature Reserve [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2010, 46(10): 186-190.
[9]	Su Hualong;Xiao Wenfa;Ma Qiang;Wu Qianfeng;Nie Bihong;Wang Jianxiu;Hou Kunlun;Yang Quan. Population Dynamics of the Golden Pheasant (Chrysolophus pictus) in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area after the Snow Calamity in 2008 [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2008, 44(11): 75-82.
[10]	Zou Xinghuai;Hu Rui. STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF ENZYME PREPARATIONS SUPPLEMENTATION ON BREEDING PERFORMANCE OF PHEASANTS [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2003, 39(6): 110-114.

Habitats Selection and Spatial Distribution of Main Pheasants in Fanjingshan Reserve during Breeding Period

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 7

References 0

Related Articles 10

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments