亚热带主要造林树种土壤氮保留及相关功能的微生物特征

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20200804

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: In this study, five plantations of Phoebe bournei、Michelia macclurei、Schima superba、Cunninghamia lanceolata and Fokienia hodginsii in subtropical region of china were selected as the research objects.The mains purpose of this study aims to investigate effects of main afforestation species on gene abundance and community structure of soil nitrogen cycle-related functional microorganisms, and to elucidate the microbial driving mechanism of the effects of subtropical plantation species on soil nitrogen retention. Method: For five kinds of plantation growing on acidic red soil, we applied real-time quantitative PCR to characterize the abundance of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms(nifH)、nitrifying microorganisms(AOA amoA, AOB amoA)、denitrifying microorganisms(narG、nirK、nirS、nosZ)、fungi (ITS) and bacteria (16S rRNA) in forest soils, Phylogenetic analysis of AOA different terminal restriction fragments (TRFs) was performed by cloning and sequencing, and the community structure of AOA was analyzed using Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism fingerprints.The soil nitrogen retention ability and microbial characteristics of each tree species plantation were studied. Result: 1) The pH values of the soils of the five plantations ranged from 4.63 to 4.82. Soil nitrate nitrogen content of S. superba and M. macclurei forest was significantly higher than that of P. bournei and F. hodginsii forest(P < 0.05). Soil microbial biomass of M. macclurei and S. superba forest was the highest in five plantations, while that of P. bournei and C. lanceolata forest was the lowest.Lignin and cellulose content in litter significantly inhibited soil microbial biomass; 2) There was no significant differences in the nifH gene abundance between five plantations forest, the AOA abundance of S. superba forest was significantly higher than that of P. bournei, M. macclurei and F. hodginsii foreest. The AOB abundance of S. superba forest was significantly higher than that of F. hodginsii forest, and the gene abundances of AOA and AOB in S. superba forest were the highest among the five tree species, Ammonia oxidizing microorganisms, AOA/AOB>2, AOA was dominant in quantity. There was no significant differences in gene abundance (narG, nirK, nosZ) of microorganisms involved in soil denitrification among five tree species, the nirS gene abundance of S. superba forest was significantly higher than that of M. macclurei, C. lanceolata and F. hodginsii forest. Fungal ITS abundance of P. bournei forest was significantly higher than S. superba forest, no difference in bacteria 16S rRNA gene abundance was found among five plantations; 3) Pearson correlation analysis indicated soil pH was positively correlated with AOB, narG and nosZ, and soil NO₃^--N content was positively correlated with AOA; 4) Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the AOA assemblages belonged to the Nitrosopumilus and Nitrososphaera, HpyCH4V restriction endonuclease was used to digest the PCR products of AOA and produced four TRFs, of which TRF-76 and TRF-165 are the two main fragment types. The relative abundances of TRF-76 and TRF-165 accounted for 54.88%-100% and 0-45.12% of the total fragments, respectively. The relative abundance of TRF-76 and TRF-165 was significantly different between tree species. Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling showed there were no differences in community structure of AOA among five forest soils (P>0.05). Conclusion: AOA is dominant in ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms and may play a dominant role in subtropical acidic forest soil nitrification.The gene abundances of AOA and AOB in S. superba forest are the highest among the five tree species, the nirS gene abundance of S. superba forest is significantly higher than that of M. macclurei、C. lanceolata and F. hodginsii forest, the AOA abundance of S. superba forest is significantly higher than that of P. bournei forest, which may increase the risk of nitrogen loss from forest ecosystem.There was no significant difference in AOA community structure between five forest soils. The AOA assemblages belonge to the Nitrosopumilus and Nitrososphaera.

Key words: tree species, soil nitrogen retention, functional gene abundances, Q-PCR, T-RFLP

CLC Number:

S714

Lei Wang,Yifan Liang,Junqian Yang,Bingbing Zhang,Tao Wang,Xiuzhen Shi,Hangwei Hu,Zhiqun Huang. Characteristics of Soil nitrogen Retention and Related Functional Microorganism in Soils of Main Afforestation Species in Subtropical Region[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(8): 27-37.

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指标Items	闽楠	火力楠	木荷	杉木	福建柏
指标Items	P. bournei	M. macclurei	S. superba	C. lanceolata	F. hodginsii
林龄Stand age/a	35	32	32	23	35
树高Tree height/m	14.3±0.7	16.9±0.2	15.7±1.1	14.8±0.5	13.3±0.5
胸径DBH/cm	14.7±0.4	18.8±1.1	23.1±5.4	19.8±2.4	21.6±2.7
林分密度Stand density/(hm^-2)	2 067	2 100	2 000	2 100	2 800
坡度Slope/(°)	29	36	32	26	29
海拔Altitude/m	425	412	512	330	547
凋落物碳含量Litter C/(g·kg^-1)	500.1±1.6bc	492.1±1.6c	505.5±2.3b	495.6±2.4c	514.5±1.4a
凋落物氮含量Litter N/(g·kg^-1)	9.1±1.6ab	7.6±1.4ab	11.6±0.7a	5.4±0.3b	11.9±1.0a
凋落物碳/氮Litter C/N	58.1±9.0bc	69.0±10.6b	43.7±2.4c	92.5±6.5a	43.7±3.8c
凋落物木质素Litter lignin/(g·kg^-1)	225.9±3.0ab	145.1±19.7c	157.8±9.9c	261.0±17.9a	220.2±4.4b
凋落物纤维素含量Litter cellulose/(g·kg^-1)	314.4±5.3a	274.3±4.3b	209.4±11.5c	310.7±22.0ab	276.9±10.7ab
细根碳含量Fine root C/(g·kg^-1)	441.6±14.9ab	426.3±13.9b	444.7±9.7ab	354.7±12.1c	472.3±14.1a
细根氮含量Fine root N/(g·kg^-1)	10.8±0.2b	16.9±1.1a	7.4±0.8c	8.2±0.2c	7.8±0.6c
细根碳/氮Fine root C:N	41.0±0.9b	25.4±0.9c	61.7±8.3a	43.5±1.8b	61.5±5.4a

目的基因 Primer target	引物名称 Primer name	引物序列(5’-3’) Primer sequence (5’-3’)	参考文献 Reference
nifH	PloyF	TGCGAYCCSAARGCBGACTC	(Poly et al., 2001)
nifH	PloyR	ATSGCCATCATYTCRCCGGA
AOA amoA	CrenamoA23f	ATGGTCTGGCTWAGACG	(Tourna et al., 2008)
AOA amoA	CrenamoA616 r	GCCATCCATCTGTATGTCCA	(Tourna et al., 2008)
AOB amoA	amoA1F	GGGGTTTCTACTGGTGGT	(Rotthauwe et al., 1997)
AOB amoA	amoA2R	CCCCTCKGSAAAGCCTTCTTC	(Rotthauwe et al., 1997)
nirK	nirK-F1aCu	ATCATGGTSCTGCCGCG	(Throback et al., 2004)
nirK	nirK-R3Cu	GCCTCGATCAGRTTGTGGTT	(Throback et al., 2004)
nirS	Nirs-Cd3aF	GTSAACGTSAAGGARACSGG	(Michotey et al., 2000)
nirS	Nirs-R3cd	GASTTCGGRTGSGTCTTGA	(Michotey et al., 2000)
narG	NarGG-F	TCGCCSATYCCG GCSATGTC	(Bru et al., 2007)
narG	NarGG-R	GAGTTGTACCAGTCRGCSGAYTCSG	(Bru et al., 2007)
nosZ	nosZ2F	CGCRACGGCAASAAGGTSMSSGT	(Henry et al., 2006)
nosZ	nosZ2R	CAKRTGCAKSGCRTGGCAGAA	(Henry et al., 2006)
ITS	ITS-1F	TCCGTAGGTGAACCTGCGG	(Gardes et al., 1993)
ITS	5.8 s	CGCTGCGTTCTTCATCG	(Vilgalys et al., 1990)
16S rRNA	519F	CAGCMGCCGCGGTANWC	(Baker et al., 2003)
16S rRNA	907R	CCGTCAATTCMTTTRAGTT	(Muyzer et al., 1995)

土壤性质 Soil characteristics	闽楠	火力楠	木荷	杉木	福建柏
土壤性质 Soil characteristics	P. bournei	M. macclurei	S. superba	C. lanceolata	F. hodginsii
黏粒Clay(%)	20.31±2.99	15.89±3.64	16.06±1.64	15.72±3.14	19.71±0.69
粉粒Silt(%)	48.07±1.90	41.74±5.37	32.76±2.41	47.30±5.17	37.97±6.16
砂粒Sand(%)	31.62±2.07b	42.38±7.62ab	51.18±4.05a	36.98±7.45b	42.32±5.48ab
密度Density/(g·cm^-3)	1.22±0.11	1.12±0.02	1.17±0.08	1.19±0.04	1.09±0.10
含水量Moisture content/(g·kg^-1)	253.20±9.68a	231.64±10.41ab	243.63±17.67a	246.58±3.55a	211.85±16.45b
酸碱度pH	4.75±0.02	4.69±0.11	4.82±0.11	4.69±0.21	4.63±0.03
全碳TC/(g·kg^-1)	24.82±4.05ab	22.02±1.07ab	22.56±5.16ab	17.60±1.09b	28.37±3.8a
全氮TN/(g·kg^-1)	1.74±0.21	1.75±0.14	1.74±0.24	1.44±0.10	1.84±0.18
碳氮比C/N	14.16±0.57	12.63±0.60	12.84±1.19	12.27±0.64	15.38±0.61
铵态氮NH₄⁺-N/(mg·kg^-1)	10.66±0.68	10.92±2.56	10.11±1.08	10.04±0.99	11.77±2.85
硝态氮NO₃^--N/(mg·kg^-1)	0.37±0.09b	4.24±1.04a	4.64±2.21a	2.08±0.69ab	0.71±0.39b

	凋落物碳 Litter C	凋落物氮 Litter N	凋落物碳/氮 Litter C/N	木质素 Lignin	纤维素 Cellulose	细根碳 Fine root C	细根氮 Fine root N	细根碳/氮 Fine root C/N
全碳TC	0.43	0.35	-0.44	0.01	-0.19	0.69^**	-0.06	0.26
全氮TN	0.20	0.24	-0.35	-0.17	-0.34	0.63^*	0.08	0.15
碳/氮C/N	0.60^*	0.43	-0.47	0.21	0.06	0.59^*	-0.17	0.28
酸碱度pH	0.01	0.26	-0.33	0.04	-0.46	0.25	-0.14	0.22
铵态氮NH₄⁺-N	0.194	0.18	-0.25	0.02	-0.01	0.24	0.08	0.07
硝态氮NO₃^--N	-0.28	-0.05	0.03	-0.61^*	-0.52^*	-0.07	0.16	0.03
微生物生物量碳MBC	0.05	0.26	-0.31	-0.80^**	-0.67^**	0.50	0.23	0.15
微生物生物量氮MBN	0.23	0.35	-0.39	-0.54^*	-0.63^*	0.54^*	0.08	0.21

	nifH	AOA amoA	AOB amoA	nirK	nirS	narG	nosZ	ITS	16S
全碳TC	0.10	-0.54^*	-0.13	0.28	0.15	0.20	0.26	0.20	0.20
全氮TN	0.03	-0.31	0.07	0.39	0.19	0.45	0.26	0.20	0.36
碳/氮C/N	0.16	-0.69^**	-0.35	0.10	0.07	-0.16	0.19	0.19	-0.01
酸碱度pH	0.30	0.13	0.57^*	0.50	0.49	0.64^*	0.64^*	-0.14	0.35
铵态氮NH₄⁺-N	-0.01	-0.56^*	-0.22	-0.32	-0.21	-0.37	-0.14	0.03	-0.29
硝态氮NO₃^--N	-0.13	0.81^**	0.27	-0.08	-0.02	0.24	-0.28	-0.08	0.14

Characteristics of Soil nitrogen Retention and Related Functional Microorganism in Soils of Main Afforestation Species in Subtropical Region

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[2]	Liu Luxia, Pang Yong, Ren Haibao, Li Zengyuan. Predict Tree Species Diversity from GF-2 Satellite Data in a Subtropical Forest of China [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(2): 61-74.
[3]	Liu Jinli, Chen Zhao, Gao Jinping, Gao Xianlian, Sun Zhongqiu. Research on the Method of Determining the Optimal Segmentation Scale for Tree Species Classification of High-Resolution Image [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(11): 95-104.
[4]	Guangfa Qie,Liwen Cao,Hongming Liu,Xin Fan. Current Situation and Regional Distribution of City-Trees in China [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(10): 76-87.
[5]	Li Mei, Huang Shineng, Chen Zuxu, Ma Xingyu, Jin Wenyun. The Research Status and Utilization Prospect of Medicinal Tree Species of Archidendron clypearia [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2018, 54(4): 142-154.
[6]	Ma Zhibo, Huang Qinglin, Zhuang Chongyang, Huang Jincheng, Wang Hong. Quantitative Characteristics of Buttresses Trees and Their Buttresses of Tropical Mountain Rainforest in Diaoluoshan National Forest Park [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2017, 53(6): 135-140.
[7]	Hou Yuping, Wei Wei, Zhai Wenting, Chu Hang, Yin Jilin, Bai Xinfu, Bu Qingmei. Effects of Litter from Dominant Tree Species on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Exotic Plant Rhus typhina in Hilly Areas in Shandong Peninsula [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2016, 52(6): 28-34.
[8]	Wang Jiaoli, Nan Xiaoning, Ren Zhengzheng, Ming Jie, Tang Guanghui. Diversity of Intestinal Bacteria Communities from Atrijuglans hetaohei (Lepidoptera: Heliodinidae) and Dichocrocis punctiferalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Larvae Estimated by PCR-DGGE and T-RFLP Analysis [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2016, 52(6): 76-85.
[9]	Cheng Fangyan, Wang Chuankuan. Impacts of Tree Species and Tissue on Estimation of Nonstructural Carbohydrates Storage in Trunk [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2016, 52(2): 1-9.
[10]	Hua Shengzhou, Chen Jungang, Yu Xinxiao, Bi Huaxing, Fu Yanlin, Chen Jing, Sun Fengbin. Correlation between Terpenes Emission from Typical Forest Tree Species and Environmental Elements in Temperate Zone [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2016, 52(11): 19-28.
[11]	Cao Yujia, Chen Erxue, Li Shiming. Estimation of Provincial Spatial Distribution Information of Forest Tree Species (Group) Composition Using Multi-Sources Data [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2016, 52(1): 18-29.
[12]	Xue Xue, Li Juanjuan, Zheng Yunfeng, Zhang Jinchi, Zhuang Jiayao, Wang Yingxiang. Characteristics of Photosynthesis and Transpiration of Five Evergreen Tree Species in Summer [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2015, 51(9): 150-156.
[13]	Pang Lifeng, Jia Hongyan, Lu Yuanchang, Niu Changhai, Fu Liyong. Comparison of Two Parameters Estimation Methods for Segmented Taper Equations [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2015, 51(12): 141-148.
[14]	Yu Zaipeng, Huang Zhiqun, Wang Minhuang, Hu Zhenhong, Wan Xiaohua, Liu Ruiqiang, Zheng Lujia. Seasonal Dynamics of Soil Respiration and Its Affecting Factors in Subtropical Mytilaria laosensis and Cunninghamia lanceolata Plantations [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(8): 7-14.
[15]	Yan Hanbing, Peng Litan, Tang Xuqing. Modeling and Impact Analysis on Distribution Prediction of Forest Tree Species in Northeast China Based on Climate Change [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(5): 132-139.