遮荫对中华金叶榆和鑫叶栾叶片呈色及相关生理指标的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20191017

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: In this study, we investigated the effect of different shading intensitieson leaf color and related physiological indexes of Ulmus pumila 'Jinye' and Koelreuteria paniculata 'Xinye', to explore and compare the physiological mechanism of the color generation of the two yellow leaf plant species. This study aimed at maximizing the garden application and providing the oretical basis for yellow leaf plants to be planted in places where sunlight is insufficient or the light is shaded. Methods: One-year-old U. pumila 'Jinye' and K. paniculata 'Xinye' were subjected to different light intensities, i.e. natural illumination, 20%, 50% and 90% shading conditions, for two months, and leaf color, content of photosyn the ticpigments, photosynthetic fluorescence parameters, leaf reflection spectrum, leaf shape and organic matter contents of the two yellow leaf plants were examined, and the chloroplast ultrastructure was observed at the subcellular level. Results: Under the natural illumination, the leaf color of U. pumila 'Jinye' was golden yellow, and that of K. paniculata'Xinye' wasgreenyellow. With the increasedshading degree, the leaf color of the two plants turned green gradually. The leaf color of U. pumila 'Jinye' turned greenobvious, andits yellow-blue parameter (b^*) value decreased from 70.42 to 47.27 under 90% shading condition. The leaf color of K. paniculata 'Xinye' turned slightly greenish. Under 90% shading condition, the b^* value decreased from 65.69 to 58.34and the leaf color remained yellowgreen compared with the control (full natural illumination) group. With the increase of shading ratio, the chlorophyll contents of the two yellow leaf plants increased significantly, the photosynthetic rate and spectral reflectance decreased, the Chl a/b, specific leaf weight, PSII maximum photochemical efficiency (F_v/F_m), maximum fluorescence (F_m) of the two plants were significantly increased. The spectral reflectance of leaves of the two species decreased under the shade environment, and the red edge parameter indicated the light stressof U. pumila 'Jinye'in natural illumination. The structure of thylakoids of the two species also changed greatly under shading conditions. The number of thylakoids and stacking layers in chloroplasts increased, and the thylakoid in chloroplast changed from curved lamella to parallel stack-like granules. Under different shading conditions, there was no significant change in content of soluble sugarsin U. pumila 'Jinye', the soluble protein content was significantly decreased, the leaf areas were significantly increased, and the leaf length-width ratio did not change significantly. For K. paniculata 'Xinye', there was no significant difference in soluble sugars and soluble protein contents under 20%shadingconditioncompared with the control. The contents of soluble sugars and soluble protein under 90% shading condition were significantly lower than those of the control, and the leaf shapes were not significantly different before and after shading. Objective: The leaves of U. pumila 'Jinye' and K. paniculata 'Xinye' were brighter and yellower in the natural condition, however the two species were inhibited to some extent by light. With shading ratio increased, the photosynthesis rate of the two species decreased, the thylakoids were stacked, and the leaf colors returned green in different degrees. Under 20% shading condition, the growth and leaf color of U. pumila 'Jinye' were less affected, the leaf color remained yellowgreen.The 50% and 90% shading conditions were unfavorable for yellow leaf and photosynthetic product accumulation. The leaf color of K. paniculata 'Xinye' turned green slightly under different shadingratio conditions, and was still in the yellow leaf category, but 90% shading condition had serious influence on its photosynthetic physiology. Therefore, from the perspective of growth and leaf coloration, the natural illumination is the best illumination condition for both of U. pumila 'Jinye' and K. paniculata'Xinye', and they can be planted in a suitable shading environment according to their respective physiological characteristics.

Key words: yellow leaf plants, shading conditon, leaf color, pigment content, physiological indexes, photosynthesis characteristics, chloroplast ultrastructure

CLC Number:

S718.43

Yali Huang,Jun Zhang,Yingli Fan,Yichao Liu,Minsheng Yang. Effects of Shading Treatmentson Leaf Color and Related Physiological Indexes of Ulmus pumila 'Jinye' and Koelreuteria paniculata 'Xinye'[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(10): 171-180.

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树种 Varieties of trees	处理 Treatments	L^*	a^*	b^*
中华金叶榆 U. pumila ‘Jinye’	CK	79.20±2.22Aa	-19.08±2.24Aa	70.42±1.41Aa
	B1	70.61±2.67Ab	-26.60±0.51Ab	65.01±2.59Ab
	B2	66.40±3.37Ac	-28.27±0.20Ac	59.24±3.30Ac
	B3	58.95±4.82Ad	-29.12±0.90Ac	47.27±3.75Bd
鑫叶栾 K. paniculata ‘Xinye’	CK	68.23±3.16Ba	-26.53±0.93Ba	65.69±2.67Ba
	B1	63.76±1.28Bbc	-28.73±0.54Bb	59.57±1.42Ab
	B2	60.18±2.71Bc	-28.07±0.90Ac	53.96±3.10Ac
	B3	64.72±4.48Aab	-29.01±0.26BAbc	58.34±2.49Ab

树种 Varieties of trees	处理 Treatment level	叶面积 Leaves area/mm²	叶片长宽比 Length-width ratio of leaves	比叶质量 SLW/(mg·cm^-2)
中华金叶榆 U. pumila ‘Jinye’	CK	319.32±50.06c	1.19±0.12a	0.45Aa
	B1	384.57±48.13c	1.97±0.16a	0.40Aa
	B2	630.88±55.69b	2.03±0.13a	0.29Ab
	B3	745.70±94.89a	1.94±0.19a	0.26Ab
鑫叶栾 K. paniculata ‘Xinye’	CK	2 230.21±50.34a	2.43±0.22a	0.48Aa
	B1	2 015.46±37.28a	1.98±0.20a	0.39Aab
	B2	2 134.90±76.53a	2.35±0.16a	0.31Abc
	B3	1 990.28±64.12a	2.57±0.12a	0.19Acd

树种 Varieties of trees	处理 Treatment	叶绿素a Chl a/(mg·g^-1)	叶绿素b Chl b/(mg·g^-1)	叶绿素总量 Chl a+b/(mg·g^-1)	叶绿素a/叶绿素b Chl a/b/(mg·g^-1)	类胡萝卜素 Car/(mg·g^-1)	叶绿素/类胡萝卜素比值 Chl/Car
中华金叶榆 U. pumila ‘Jinye’	CK	0.338±0.030Bd	0.028±0.002Bd	0.368±0.016Bd	11.949±0.051Aa	0.199±0.007Ab	1.767±0.035Bc
	B1	0.794±0.065Ac	0.091±0.008Bc	0.887±0.015Ac	8.658±0.684Ab	0.212±0.004Ab	4.174±0.56Ab
	B2	1.008±0.032Ab	0.150±0.005Bb	1.159±0.037Ab	6.688±0.056Ac	0.232±0.004Aab	4.994±0.096Ab
	B3	1.354±0.067Aa	0.135±0.067Ba	1.676±0.001Aa	4.213±0.029Ad	0.248±0.002Aa	6.746±0.055Aa
鑫叶栾 K. paniculata ‘Xinye’	CK	0.431±0.022Ac	0.065±0.001Ad	0.498±0.009Ac	6.571±0.089Ba	0.199±0.015Ab	2.493±0.075Ac
	B1	0.813±0.009Ab	0.141±0.000Ac	0.955±0.001Ab	5.747±0.006Bb	0.243±0.005Aa	3.916±0.008Ab
	B2	0.951±0.009Aa	0.217±0.008Aa	1.169±0.047Aa	4.377±0.025Bc	0.222±0.012Aab	5.253±0.099Aa
	B3	0.811±0.031Bb	0.193±0.004Ab	1.005±0.035Bb	4.203±0.108Ac	0.201±0.002Ab	4.991±0.127Bab

树种 Varieties of trees	处理 Treatment level	初始荧光 Initial fluorescene F_o	最大荧光 Maximal fluorescene F_m	PSII最大光化学效率 PSII maximal efficiency F_v/F_m
中华金叶榆 U. pumila ‘Jinye’	CK	2 722±439Ba	5 036±430Bc	0.45±0.072Bb
	B1	1 881±654Bb	8 538±246Bb	0.77±0.037Aa
	B2	1 961±583Bb	9 430±537Bb	0.79±0.012Ba
	B3	2 388±590Ba	13 269±611Aa	0.82±0.003Aa
鑫叶栾 K. paniculata‘Xinye’	CK	5 973±890Aa	10 497±582Ab	0.54±0.02Ab
	B1	3 793±104Ab	15 521±674Aa	0.75±0.13Aa
	B2	3 548±308Ab	15 470±1087Aa	0.83±0.016Aa
	B3	3 367±51Ab	15 817±802Aa	0.78±0.008Ba

树种 Varieties of trees	处理 Treatment	可溶性蛋白含量 Soluble protein content/(mg·g^-1 )	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content(%)
中华金叶榆 U. pumila ‘Jinye’	CK	0.272±0.039Ba	0.241±0.035Aa
	B1	0.092±0.006Bc	0.166±0.010Aa
	B2	0.089±0.005Bc	0.268±0.007Aa
	B3	0.175±0.002Bb	0.246±0.065Aa
鑫叶栾 K. paniculata ‘Xinye’	CK	0.469±0.030Aa	0.219±0.014Aa
	B1	0.420±0.016Aa	0.224±0.023Aa
	B2	0.418±0.015Aa	0.161±0.009Bb
	B3	0.240±0.085Ab	0.143±0.007Bb

Effects of Shading Treatmentson Leaf Color and Related Physiological Indexes of Ulmus pumila 'Jinye' and Koelreuteria paniculata 'Xinye'

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