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Scientia Silvae Sinicae ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (9): 97-103.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20180912

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Synergistic Effect of Antioxidants and Hydroquinoneas on the Attractants and Induced Metabolism of Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)

Hou Yahui1, Yan Shanchun1, Li Zhiqiang2   

  1. 1. College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040;
    2. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources Guangzhou 510260
  • Received:2017-04-10 Revised:2018-07-18 Online:2018-09-25 Published:2018-09-10

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Abstract: [Objective] Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, is an important termite pest in China. Hydroquinone was a valuable phagostimulating pheromone in termites. This study aimed to explore that the synergism of antioxidants combined with hydroquinone on the feeding attraction and the difference in metabolic profiling compared with control for C. formosanus, and provide reference for the development of attractants in C. formosanus.[Method] In this study, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and tea polyphenols as antioxidants were selected, and the orientation and feeding behavior of C. formosanus workers were analyzed in different ratios of antioxidants and hydroquinone using the method of filter paper containing the mixtures. The gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) was used to assay the metabolic substances of the C. formosanus workers fed on the cellulosic feedstock treated by hydroquinone and tea polyphenols.[Result] The results showed there was no significant synergistic effect with different BHT to hydroquinone ratios, while the mixture between 10 ng·cm-2 hydroquinone and tea polyphenol in the mass ratio of 1:5 had significantly higher phagostimulating effect in no-choice and choice experiments. With GC-TOF-MS, untargeted metabolomic analyses revealed that there were significant differences in the metabolic substances compared 10 ng·cm-2 hydroquinone and tea polyphenol in the mass ratio of 1:5 with control group, and a total of 21 different metabolic compounds were identified under the variables with the VIP (variable importance in the projection) values exceeding 1.0, P-value less than 0.01 (Student's t-test), and similarity values more than 300, in which cycloleucine, beta-Glutamic acid, Gluconic lactone, D-erythronolactone and ergosterol were remarkably down-regulated while others were up-regulated.[Conclusion] It was suggested that tea polyphenols had a more obvious synergistic effect than BHT on hydroquinone to C. formosanus workers, and the metabolic profiling of workers fed on cellulose combined with the hydroquinone showed significant difference compared with the control. Tea polyphenols would be a potential synergistic agent used to develop new type of phagostimulating bait against C. formosanus.

Key words: Coptotermes formosanus, hydroquinone, tea polyphenols, butylated hydroxytoluene, metabolomics

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