秦岭南坡北桑寄生生态危害状况评价

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20141012

Abstract

Abstract:

Loranthus tanakae, one of the most common parasitic seed plants, mainly infests oak trees in the South Slope of Qinling Mountains. To explore the distribution pattern and damage status of L. tanakae, a comprehensive survey and typical sample investigation were conducted in Fengxian County. The results revealed that Quercus aliena var. acutiserrata Maxim. ex Wenz. was the preferential host of L. tanakae. L. tanakae radially distributed from the center of the oak forest, mainly infested mature and over mature oak trees of 40- to 50-years-old and prefered the southern aspect of the canopy. The maximum diameter of a cluster of L. tanakae could reach 160 cm and the diameter had a linear positive correlation with the host ages. Parasitism rate in the plots was 29.03% of all kind of tree species and 36.90% of Q. aliena var. acutiserrata. Furthermore, parasitism rate on the primary branches of the all infected trees was 49.53%. With seriously affected by L. tanakae, growth and vigor of the infected hosts were clearly harmed, resulting in death of the distal branches. Populations of L. tanakae had been increased with its host density in virtue of the implementation of the Natural Forest Protection Project. Although only parts of the hosts were threatened, potential ecological damage and large scale eruption of L. tanakae should not be overlooked.

Key words: Loranthus tanakae, Qinling Mountain, host preference, parasitism rate

CLC Number:

S763.2

Cui Bei, Lin Ruozhu, Zhao Wenxia, Lan Zongke. Ecological Damage Assessment of Loranthus tanakae (Loranthaceae) in the South Slopes of Qinling Mountain[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(10): 86-93.

References

黄恩平, 姚忠庆. 1997. 板栗园桑寄生植物的生物学特性及危害的初步研究. 昆明师专学报:自然科学版, 12(1): 22-24.
(Huang E P, Yao Z Q. 1997. A preliminary study of the biological properties and harm of parasitic Loranthus plants in the orchard of Chinese chestnuts. Journal of Kunming Junior Normal College: Nat. Sci., 12(1): 22-24. [in Chinese] )
康慕谊. 1991. 秦岭地区森林植被研究的历史回顾. 陕西林业科技, (3): 19-24.
(Kang M Y. 1991. Retrospect to the research history of forest vegetation in Qinling Mountain. Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology, (3): 19-24. [in Chinese] )
曲式曾, 张文辉, 李景侠. 1990. 陕南栎类资源现状调查. 西北林学院学报, 5(1): 75-81.
(Qu W Z, Zhang W H, Li J X. 1990. Investigation on oak forest resource in Southern Shaanxi. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 5(1): 75-81. [in Chinese] )
屈兴奎, 李道智, 徐振江. 2008. 浅谈秦岭林区新建自然保护区的管理与发展. 陕西林业, (4): 28-30
盛晋华, 张雄杰, 刘宏义, 等. 2006. 寄生植物概述. 生物学通报, 41(3): 9-12.
司秉兴, 白瑞兴, 韩艳杰, 等. 2008. 辽西地区寄生树种北桑寄生生存繁衍特性初探. 辽宁林业科技, (3): 31-43.
(Si B X, Bai R X, Han Y J, et al. 2008. Characteristics of living and reproduction of parasitical tree species Loranthus tanakae in western Liaoning. Liaoning Forestry Science and Technology, (3): 31-43. [in Chinese] )
王建让. 1989. 秦岭林区锐齿栎林群落类型的初步研究. 植物生态学与地植物学报, 13(3): 277-281.
(Wang J R. 1989. Primary study on community types of Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata forest on Qinling Mountains. Acta Phytoecologica et Geobotanica Sinica, 13(3): 277-281. [in Chinese] )
王锡华, 李京东. 2001. 仰天山北桑寄生研究初报. 山东科学, 14(2): 16-20.
(Wang X H, Li J D. 2001. The report of studies on Loranthus tanakae Franch.et Savat in Mountain Yangtian. Shandong Science, 14(2): 16-20. [in Chinese] )
肖云来, 普正和. 1988. 西双版纳桑寄生植物的危害调查. 云南植物研究, 10(1): 423-432.
(Xiao Y L, Pu Z H. 1988. An investigation on the harm of Loranthaceae in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan. Acta Botanica Yunnanica, 10(1): 423-432. [in Chinese] )
周德群. 1990. 寄生性种子植物及其对林木的危害.云南林业科技, (2): 67-69.
朱志成. 1983. 秦岭尖齿栎林的初步研究. 西北植物研究, 3(2): 122-132.
(Zhu Z C. 1983. A preliminary studies on the Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata forests in the Qinling Mountain. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 3(2): 122-132. [in Chinese] )
Aukema J E. 2003. Vectors, viscin, and Viscaceae: mistletoes as parasites, mutualists, and resources. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 1(4): 212-219.
Aukema J E. 2004. Distribution and dispersal of desert mistletoe is scale-dependent, hierarchically nested. Ecography, 27(2): 137-144.
Aukema J E, Martínez del Rio C. 2002. Where does a fruit-eating bird deposit mistletoe seeds? Seed deposition patterns and an experiment. Ecology, 83(12): 3489-3496.
Ehleringer J R, Schulze E D. 1985. Mineral concentrations in an autoparasitic Phoradendron californicum growing on a parasitic P. californicum and its host, Cercidium floridum. American Journal of Botany, 72(4): 568-571.
Freckleton R P, Watkinson A R. 2002. Large-scale spatial dynamics of plants: metapopulations, regional ensembles and patchy populations. Journal of Ecology, 90(3): 419-434.
García D, Houle G. 2005. Fine-scale spatial patterns of recruitment in red oak (Quercus rubra): what matters most, abiotic or biotic factors? Ecoscience, 12(2): 223-235.
Geils B W, Hawksworth F G. 2002. Damage, effects, and importance of dwarf mistletoes. Mistletoes of North American Conifers, Chapter 5, 57-65.
Gill L S, Hawksworth F G. 1961. The mistletoes: A literature review (No. 1242). US Dept. of Agriculture.
Hawksworth F G. 1983. Mistletoes as forest parasites. //Calder M, Bernhardt P. The Biology of MistletoesAcademic Press, San Diego, CA, 317-334.
Knutson D M. 1983. Physiology of mistletoe parasitism and disease responses in the host//Calder M, Bernhardt P The Biology of Mistletoes. Academic Press, Sydney, 295-316.
Kolb T E. 2002. Ecophysiology of parasitism in the plant kingdom//Lopezsaei J A, Rodnigu P C, Saez L. Plantas Parasitas de la Peninsula Iberica e Islas Baleares (Guide on Parasitic Plants of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands). MundiPrensa, Madrid, 57-85.
Lamont B. 1983. Mineral nutrition of mistletoes// Calder M, Bernhardt P. The Biology of Mistletoes. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 185-201.
Mathiasen R L, Nickrent D L, Shaw D C, et al. 2008. Mistletoes: pathology, systematics, ecology, and management. Plant Disease, 92(7): 988-1006.
Nathan R. 2006. Long-distance dispersal of plants. Science, 313(5788): 786-788.
Purves D W, Dushoff J. 2005. Directed seed dispersal and metapopulation response to habitat loss and disturbance: application to Eichhornia paniculata. Journal of Ecology, 93(4): 658-669.
Qiu H X, Gilbert M G. 2003. Loranthaceae//Editorial Committee of Floraof China. Flora of China 5.Beijing:Science Press; St.Louis:Missouri Botanical Garden Press, 220-239.
Reid N. 1991. Coevolution of mistletoes and frugivorous birds? Australian Journal of Ecology, 16(4): 457-469.
Reid N, Smith M S. 2000. Population dynamics of an arid zone mistletoe (Amyema preissii, Loranthaceae) and its host Acacia victoriae (Mimosaceae). Australian Journal of Botany, 48(1): 45-58.
Room P M. 1973. Ecology of the mistletoe Tapinanthus bangwensis growing on cocoa in Ghana. Journal of Ecology, 61(3): 729-742.
Schupp E W, Fuentes M. 1995. Spatial patterns of seed dispersal and the unification of plant population ecology. Ecoscience, 2(3): 267-275.
Snow B K, Snow D W. 1984. Long-term defence of fruit by mistle thrushes Turdus viscivorus. Ibis, 126(1): 39-49.
Snow B K, Snow D W. 1988. Birds and Berries: A Study of an Ecological Interaction. Carolton, UK:T. & A. D. Poyser.
Stewart G R, Press M C. 1990. The physiology and biochemistry of parasitic angiosperms. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 41(1): 127-151.
Tennakoon K U, Pate J S. 1996. Effects of parasitism by a mistletoe on the structure and functioning of branches of its host. Plant, Cell & Environment, 19(5): 517-528.
Watson D M. 2001. Mistletoe-a keystone resource in forests and woodlands worldwide. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 32: 219-249.

[1]	Wei Wei, Dang Kunliang. Spatial Variation of the Density of Soil Organic Carbon in Forest Land on the Southern Slope of Qinling Mountains [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(5): 11-19.
[2]	Wu Heng, Dang Kunliang, Tian Xianglin, Sun Shuaichao, Chen Shujun, Zhao Pengxiang, Cao Tianjian. Evaluating Site Quality for Secondary Forests and Plantation in Qinling Mountains [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2015, 51(4): 78-88.
[3]	Zhang Mingxia, Wang Dexiang, Kang Bing, Zhang Ganggang, Liu Pu, Du Yanling, Yu Fei. Interspecific Associations of Dominant Plant Populations in Secondary Forest of Pinus armandii in Qinling Mountains [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2015, 51(1): 12-21.
[4]	Chai Zongzheng, Wang Dexiang, Hao Yazhong, Zhang Linan, Zhu Hongyan, Zhang Congshan. Succession Dynamics of Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation in Intermediate Section of Qinling Mountains [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(2): 14-21.
[5]	Hu Yiheng, Dang Meng, Zhang Tian, Luo Guichun, Xia Hailong, Zhou Huijuan, Hu Dongfeng, He Liang, Ma Zhenhua, Zhao Peng. Genetic Diversity and Evolutionary Relationship of Juglans regia Wild and Domesticated Populations in Qinling Mountains Based on nrDNA ITS Sequences [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(12): 47-55.
[6]	Yuan Jie;Cai Jing;Hou Lin;Zhang Shuoxin;. Storage and Decomposition of Fallen Wood in a Pinus tabulaeformis Secondary Forest at Huoditang Forest Region in the Qinling Mountains [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2012, 48(6): 141-146.
[7]	Zhang Shengli;;Liang Cuiping;Jin Jianxia;Qin Chao. Response of Stream Water Chemistry to Rainwater Acidification in the Natural Forest Region of the Qinling Mountains [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2012, 48(4): 1-7.
[8]	Yuan Jie;Hou Lin;Cai Jing;Zhang Shuoxin;. Characteristics of Fallen Wood and Soil Nutrients in Huoditang Forest Region of the Qinling Mountains [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2011, 47(11): 19-24.
[9]	Zhang Shengli;. Annual Changes and Trends in the Water Quality of the Forest Water Supply Region for the Middle Line of the South to North Water Transfer Project  [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2008, 44(2): 15-22.
[10]	Gao Jiarong;Xiao Bin;Cheng Haibin;Liu Mantang. STUDY ON THE STRUCTURE CHARACTERIS TICS AND REGENERATION DYNAMICS OF CHINESE SPRUCE FORESTS IN QINLING MOUNTAINS [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2000, 36(zk): 104-109.

Ecological Damage Assessment of Loranthus tanakae (Loranthaceae) in the South Slopes of Qinling Mountain

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 10

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments