Abstract: The microflora and biochemical properties of soil microorganisms and the soil fertility of interplanted forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Amomum villosum were studied,the results are as follows, Aftef Amomum villosum was interplanted with Cunninghamia lanceolata,the total number of soil microorganisms and the number of main physiological groups of microbes in soil were increased,the activities of soil enzyme and the intensity of soil respiration were strengthened,the physical and chemical properties of soil were improved,The result indicated that the interplanting method accelerated the decomposition of organic matters,promoted the accumulation of nutritive materials,and increased the capacity of effective nutritions in the soil,which acted as the effect of soil fertilization,and soil reclamation.It also provides a way of solving the problem of soil deterioration.caused by successive reforestation of Cunninghamia lanceolata.