Abstract: By means of ESCA (electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis),IR and FTIR (infrared spectrum and fourier transform infrared spectrum),DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) and SEM (scanning electron microscope),We dealt with change of the surface chemistry and surface characteristics of basswood veneer and newspaper,which were exposed to outdoor and indoor or were radiated by the ultraviolet light.Through exposing or radiating,the results showed that the surface molecules of sample became photochemical degraded,the layers of cell wall were damaged,the roughness of surface were increased and the colour were changed into dark and gloomy.These information provide very impotant theoretical basis for scientific preservation of sarface of the wood or lignocellulosic material and scientific processing and utilizing them.