Abstract: This paper revealed the effect of poplar Ⅰ_{(72 58),Populus pekinensis,P.opera,P.tomentosa,P.deltoides var.shanhaiguan on the pest Clostera anachoreta.The result of rearing larvae with different poplar leaves showed that there were differences not only in survival rate and development of larvae but also in the weight of pupa and the number of eggs laid per female.Poplar Ⅰ(72/58) was the best for development and growth of Clostera anachoreta Poplus opera and P.tomentosa were found favorable,with the other two in between.The reason for these differences was found to be different chemical composition of various poplar species.}