纳米材料提升植物抗逆性的研究进展与林业应用展望

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20250196

Abstract

Abstract:

Plant stress resistance is crucial for ensuring agricultural and forestry production. However, conventional approaches for enhancing stress resistance have limitations such as long breeding cycles and low efficiency. The development of novel technologies is imperative to achieve more efficient and precise improvements in plant stress resistance, thereby advancing sustainable agriculture and forestry. Recent integration of nanotechnology into agricultural and forestry practices has revealed increasingly evident stress-alleviating and growth-promoting effects of nanomaterials (NMs) on plants, providing new strategies to combat climate change challenges. Based on current research regarding NMs and plant stress resistance, this review systematically summarizes the progress in NM-mediated stress resistance enhancement, application potential, and associated challenges in forestry through three key dimensions: 1) NM-driven augmentation of plant resistance to abiotic stresses (salinity, drought, and heavy metal toxicity) and biotic stresses (pests and diseases); 2) underlying mechanisms of NM-mediated stress resistance; 3) exploration and practical implementation of NMs in enhancing forest resistance. Collectively, NMs demonstrate substantial potential in promoting plant growth and alleviating both biotic and abiotic stresses due to their unique morphological structures and high reactivity. Nanotechnology has achieved preliminary success in the improvement of crop varieties and cultivation practices, particularly in increasing crop yields under abiotic stress conditions. However, given the long management cycle of forestry, the potential of NMs in improving forest stress resistance, promoting productivity, and facilitating ecosystem restoration warrants further exploration. Current research still confronts significant challenges such as the dose-dependent effects of NMs, potential ecological risks, and low field application efficiency. Future investigations should prioritize: green synthesis technology development, multi-omics mechanism elucidation, smart responsive material design, and interdisciplinary collaboration. Concurrently, standardized risk assessment systems should be established to facilitate the transition of nanotechnology from laboratory research to scalable applications, providing strong scientific and technological support for the sustainable development of forestry.

Key words: nanomaterials, plant stress resistance, regulatory mechanisms, tree growth, dose-dependent effects

CLC Number:

S718

Feiran Chen,Zijie Zhang,Shengzuo Fang. Recent Advances in Nanomaterials Enhancing Plant Stress Resistance and Their Application Prospects in Forestry[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2025, 61(7): 83-93.

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References 0

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Recent Advances in Nanomaterials Enhancing Plant Stress Resistance and Their Application Prospects in Forestry

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