增氧灌溉对平邑甜茶生长及根区土壤的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20211006

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: The objective of this study is to explore the effect of aerated irrigation on the growth of Malus hupehensis and the rhizosphere soil environment, which would provide reference for the effects of this irrigation method on fruit trees under field cultivation. Method: In this study, one-year-old and two-year-old potted M. hupehensis seedlings were used as test materials. Three kinds of irrigation water with different oxygen content were set up to explore their effects on the growth of aboveground part, and the response of root systems to the treatments, and the differences of enzyme activity and microbial community in the rhizosphere soil were investigated. Result: The treatment with oxygen content of (5±0.1) mg·L^-1 in the irrigation water had the best significance. The plant height, ground diameter and aboveground dry weight of one-year-old seedlings were significantly increased by 37.1%, 35.0% and 50.3%, and those parameters of two-year-old seedlings were significantly increased by 17.1%, 16.4% and 17.2%, respectively. This treatment promoted to different degrees the photosynthetic performance and fluorescence characteristics of plant leaves, and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc were significantly increased. The root length, root surface area, root tip number and root respiration rate of the seedlings treated with oxygen content of (5 ±0.1) mg·L^-1 in the irrigation water were significantly higher than those in other treatments. The activities of root antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, POD, CAT in the treatment with oxygen content of (5±0.1) mg·L^-1were higher than those in other treatments, and the treatment with oxygen content of (5±0.1) mg·L^-1significantly increased the activities of soil sucrase, urease and phosphatase, increased soil micro bacteria and actinomycetes, and reduced fungi. Conclusion: The oxygen content in irrigation water ranges from (1±0.1) mg·L^-1 to (5±0.1) mg·L^-1. The higher the oxygen content is, the more obvious the effect on the improvement of potted M.hupehensis growth. The higher the oxygen content the more obvious the effect on soil environment in root area and soil microbial structure.

Key words: aerated irrigation, vegetative growth, mineral elements, root structure, root soil environment

CLC Number:

S714.4

Yijun Yin,Yunfei Mao,Lu Yang,Lulu Zhang,Yanli Hu,Zhiquan Mao,Xuesen Chen,Xiang Shen. Effects of Aerated Irrigation on the Growth and Rhizosphere Soil of Malus hupehensis[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(10): 59-70.

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处理 Treatment	含氧量 Oxygen content/(mg·L^-1)	1年生平邑甜茶v1-year-old M. hupehensis	2年生平邑甜茶 2-year-old M. hupehensis
灌溉水不加氧 Irrigation water without oxygen	1±0.1	P1	T1
灌溉水加氧 Irrigation water with oxygen	3±0.1	P2	T2
灌溉水加氧 Irrigation water with oxygen	5±0.1	P3	T3

处理 Treat-ment	株高 Plant height			地径 Ground diameter			地上部干质量 Aboveground dry weight
处理 Treat-ment	7月 July/cm	8月 August/cm	9月 September/cm	7月 July/mm	8月 August/mm	9月 September/mm	7月 July/g	8月 August/g	9月 September/g
P1	20.0±1.79 c	23.9±0.75 c	32.8±0.38 c	1.37±0.168 c	1.93±0.022 c	2.85±0.033 c	3.07±0.035 c	4.96±0.057 c	6.85±0.079 b
P2	21.7±0.51 b	27.5±1.26 b	35.6±0.37 b	1.69±0.126 b	2.38±0.025 b	3.58±0.036 b	4.87±0.056 b	6.01±0.069 b	8.85±0.102 a
P3	25.7±0.95 a	38.0±1.26 a	43.1±0.46 a	1.92±0.105 a	2.97±0.027 a	4.28±0.049 a	6.18±0.071 a	7.55±0.087 a	9.17±0.106 a
T1	72.7±2.73 b	91.3±1.33 c	98.7±1.14 c	6.41±0.163 b	7.25±0.084 c	8.54±0.099 c	27.60±0.32 c	37.60±0.43 c	41.40±0.48 c
T2	75.0±1.73 b	98.7±1.28 b	105.2±1.21 b	7.07±0.093 a	7.76±0.085 b	9.25±0.107 b	30.40±0.35 b	39.90±0.46 b	46.60±0.54 b
T3	87.7±1.21 a	104.0±1.03 a	112.8±1.30 a	6.97±0.189 a	8.01±0.092 a	10.21±0.118 a	33.20±0.38 a	42.90±0.50 a	50.00±0.58 a

处理 Treatment	7月 July(SPAD)	8月 August(SPAD)	9月 September(SPAD)
P1	51.8±0.04 a	50.9±0.59 c	51.4±0.59 c
P2	51.2±0.69 a	53.1±0.12 b	53.2±0.61 b
P3	51.8±0.57 a	55.8±0.01 a	55.7±0.64 a
T1	54.4±0.76 a	50.9±0.47 c	51.8±0.60 c
T2	55.6±0.13 a	53.7±0.84 b	54.9±0.62 b
T3	54.8±0.98 a	56.5±0.13 a	57.2±0.66 a

处理 Treatment	7月 July/(μmol·m^-2s^-1)	8月 August/(μmol·m^-2s^-1)	9月 September/(μmol·m^-2s^-1)
P1	13.6±0.15 c	13.8±0.84 c	14.5±0.17 c
P2	14.9±0.15 ab	16.4±0.63 b	16.3±0.19 b
P3	15.3±0.17 a	19.3±0.79 a	17.5±0.20 a
T1	17.8±0.16 b	16.8±0.90 c	17.1±0.15 c
T2	18.3±0.08 b	19.0±0.43 b	19.1±0.17 b
T3	19.8±0.09 a	20.5±1.16 a	21.3±0.20 a

处理 Treatment	7月 July	8月 August	9月 September
P1	0.66±0.025 c	0.71±0.049 c	0.73±0.004 c
P2	0.72±0.038 b	0.76±0.011 b	0.79±0.001 b
P3	0.76±0.039 a	0.81±0.017 a	0.85±0.038 a
T1	0.79±0.009 a	0.83±0.004 b	0.81±0.001 c
T2	0.83±0.013 a	0.83±0.005 b	0.85±0.006 b
T3	0.76±0.032 a	0.87±0.012 a	0.89± 0.007 a

Effects of Aerated Irrigation on the Growth and Rhizosphere Soil of Malus hupehensis

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处理 Treatment	氮 Nitrogen(%)	磷 Phosphorus(%)	钾 Potassium(%)	镁 Magnesium/(μg·g^-1)	铁 Iron/(μg·g^-1)	钙 Calcium/(μg·g^-1)	锌 Zinc/(μg·g^-1)
P1	2.03±0.537 c	0.176±0.011 b	1.71±0.006 c	331.3±6.5 c	106.1±3.05 c	318.5±6.54 c	4.09±0.05 c
P2	2.59±0.727 b	0.177±0.009 b	2.22±0.002 b	393.5±5.4 b	120.8±4.31 b	451.5±5.21 b	4.29±0.04 b
P3	3.07±0.771 a	0.196±0.005 a	2.74±0.002 a	457.1±4.8 a	150.4±2.61 a	566.5±3.67 a	4.47±0.05 a
T1	2.65±0.284 c	0.191±0.005 c	1.96±0.0005 b	430.6±5.3 b	83.5±1.95 c	427.5±4.94 b	4.53±0.04 b
T2	3.21±0.491 b	0.212±0.007 b	2.22±0.006 b	424.8±5.9 b	97.3±2.01 b	433.5±5.01 b	4.47±0.05 b
T3	4.05±0.358 a	0.241±0.004 a	3.25±0.008 a	489.1±6.2 a	110.7±1.17 a	488.6±5.63 a	4.78±0.06 a

处理 Treatment	7月 July/(10⁵ CFU·g^-1)	8月 August/(10⁵ CFU·g^-1)	9月 September/(10⁵ CFU·g^-1)
P1	6.70±0.88 c	20.7±1.38 c	27.3±1.06 c
P2	9.00±1.08 b	26.0±0.58 b	31.7±0.91 b
P3	16.00±1.73 a	34.3±1.03 a	38.7±0.96 a
T1	7.30±1.76 c	13.0±1.00 c	30.3±1.18 c
T2	11.70±0.33 b	22.3±1.45 b	35.7±1.86 b
T3	16.70±1.60 a	31.3±1.33 a	43.0±1.00 a

处理 Treatment	7月 July/(10⁴ CFU·g^-1)	8月 August/(10⁴ CFU·g^-1)	9月 September/(10⁴ CFU·g^-1)
P1	24.7±1.71 a	31.0±1.31 a	35.7±0.60 a
P2	21.0±1.65 b	26.7±0.88 b	30.7±0.76 b
P3	18.0±1.06 b	20.0±1.86 c	25.7±1.20 c
T1	18.3±0.89 a	33.7±1.86 a	38.3±0.67 a
T2	12.0±1.73 b	27.0±1.53 b	31.0±1.52 b
T3	11.7±1.20 b	23.0±1.00 c	23.0±1.08 c

[1]	Aiyun Song,Linshui Dong,Jixiang Chen,Ling Peng,Jingtao Liu,Jiangbao Xia,Yinping Chen. Comparation of Seasonal Dynamics of Mineral Elements Contents in Different Organs of Male and Female Plants of Fraxinus velutina [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(10): 162-170.
[2]	Yang Sheng, Hao Guowei, Zhang Xiaowei, Bai Mudan, Li Kai, Shi Meijuan, Cheng Peihong, Guo Huangping, Li Liulin. Effects of Mineral Nutrition on Formation of Wizened Bud in ‘Yuluxiangli’ Pear [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2016, 52(2): 127-133.
[3]	Ouyang Fangqun, Wang Junhui, Jia Zirui, Li Yue, Zhong Yongfang, Qi Shengxiu. Effects of Supplemental Light on Biomass and Mineral Element Content of Seedlings From Nine Families in Picea crassifolia [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(11): 188-196.
[4]	Ren Yanjun;Ma Jianjun;Zhang Libin;Du Bin;Yu Fengming. Relationship between Leaf Epidermal Micro-Morphology and Stomata Indices and Mineral Elements Content Variations in Leaves and Fruits of Cerasus humilis [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2012, 48(4): 133-137.
[5]	Hu Zhiwei;Li Baoguo;Qi Guohui;Guo Suping;Zhang Xuemei;Dong Lixin;Li Jie. Changes of Main Mineral Elements Content in Leaves and Fruits During the Kernel-Filling Period of "Lüling"Walnut [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2011, 47(8): 82-87.
[6]	Wang Zhen;Gao Jianzhou;Liu Yan. The Adaptability of Plantlets Regenerated from Cryopreserved Shoot-Tips ofEuonymus fortunei CV．‘Yuanban’in Summer [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2007, 43(9): 150-154.

处理 Treatment	7月 July/(10⁵ CFU·g^-1)	8月 August/(10⁵ CFU·g^-1)	9月 September/(10⁵ CFU·g^-1)
P1	21.7±2.67 c	47.7±2.03 c	23.0±0.58 c
P2	24.3±2.85 b	50.7±3.18 b	30.3±1.84 b
P3	29.0±1.53 a	53.3±1.76 a	34.0±1.58 a
T1	19.0±1.53 c	25.3±0.67 c	30.7±1.84 c
T2	23.0±2.00 b	31.3±1.91 b	37.3±2.60 b
T3	27.7±1.18 a	36.3±0.88 a	43.0±1.00 a