Scientia Silvae Sinicae ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (7): 175-183.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20210719
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Siqian Yang1,2,Sijia Sun1,2,Xianmiao Liu3,Yu Zhang1,Wenzhu Li1,Qin Li2,Wenbiao Zhang1,*
Received:
2019-12-12
Online:
2021-07-25
Published:
2021-09-02
Contact:
Wenbiao Zhang
CLC Number:
Siqian Yang,Sijia Sun,Xianmiao Liu,Yu Zhang,Wenzhu Li,Qin Li,Wenbiao Zhang. Calorific Value and Proximate Analysis of Carbonized Materials Derived from 24 Bamboo Speaes[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(7): 175-183.
Table 1
Calorific value and proximate analysis of 24 kinds of bamboo charcoals"
竹种名称 Bamboo species | 高位热值 High calorific value/(kJ·g-1) | 固定碳含量 Fixed carbon(%) | 灰分含量 Ash(%) | 挥发分含量 Volatile(%) |
乌哺鸡竹Phyllostachys vivax | 32.98 | 87.20 | 4.20 | 8.60 |
金镶玉竹Phyllostachys aureosulcata cv. Spectabilis | 32.62 | 87.89 | 3.99 | 8.12 |
高节竹Phyllostachys prominens | 32.50 | 88.61 | 4.73 | 6.66 |
紫竹Phyllostachys nigra | 32.39 | 86.69 | 4.83 | 8.48 |
唐竹Sinobambusa tootsik | 32.18 | 86.89 | 6.3 | 6.81 |
龟甲竹Phyllostachys heterocycla | 31.85 | 87.77 | 5.51 | 6.72 |
金毛空竹Cephalostachyum virgatum | 30.84 | 83.05 | 7.58 | 9.37 |
黄纹竹Phyllostachys vivax cv. Huanwenzhu | 31.53 | 89.06 | 5.91 | 5.03 |
毛竹Phyllostachys edulis | 31.40 | 88.83 | 3.34 | 7.83 |
黄秆乌哺鸡竹Phyllostachys vivax cv. Aureocaulis | 31.16 | 84.39 | 6.92 | 8.69 |
雷竹Phyllostachys praecox cv. Prevernalis | 31.14 | 90.06 | 6.10 | 3.84 |
花孝顺竹Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr | 31.06 | 87.49 | 7.28 | 5.23 |
红竹Dendrocalamus jiangshuiensis | 31.06 | 82.19 | 8.70 | 9.11 |
茶秆竹Pseudosasa amabilis | 31.03 | 84.37 | 6.95 | 8.68 |
四季竹Oligostachyum lubricum | 30.96 | 87.27 | 4.62 | 8.11 |
安吉金竹Phyllostachys parvifolia | 31.79 | 92.59 | 4.18 | 3.23 |
桂竹Phyllostachys bambusoides | 31.64 | 89.92 | 7.45 | 2.63 |
罗汉竹Bambusa ventricosa | 30.45 | 80.97 | 9.93 | 9.10 |
斑竹Phyllostachys bambusoides f. lacrima-deae | 30.20 | 83.33 | 9.99 | 6.68 |
苦竹Pleioblastus amarus | 30.04 | 86.31 | 8.06 | 5.63 |
安吉水胖竹Berberis anhweiensis | 29.79 | 80.94 | 10.45 | 8.61 |
白哺鸡竹Phyllostachys dulcis | 29.96 | 86.46 | 7.99 | 5.55 |
石竹Dianthus chinensis | 27.94 | 75.35 | 15.98 | 8.67 |
红壳雷竹Phyllostachys incarnata | 29.76 | 83.36 | 12.14 | 4.50 |
最小值Minimum | 27.94 | 75.35 | 3.34 | 2.63 |
最大值Maximum | 32.98 | 92.59 | 15.98 | 9.37 |
平均值Average | 31.10 | 85.87 | 7.21 | 6.91 |
标准差Deviation | 1.11 | 3.64 | 2.88 | 1.98 |
Fig.1
Relationship of proximate analysis and calorific value of bamboo charcoals carbonized from different bamboo species In the figure, marks 1-1 to 1-5 are bamboo species with higher calorific value, followed by Phyllostachys vivax, Phyllostachys aureosulcata cv. Spectabilis, Phyllostachys prominens, Phyllostachys nigra, Sinobambusa tootsik. Marks 2-1 to 2-4 are bamboo species with lower caloric value, followed by Berberis anhweiensis, Phyllostachys dulcis, Dianthus chinensis, Phyllostachys incarnata."
Table 2
Basic physical and chemical properties analysis"
项目Item | 个案数 Samples | 最小值 Minimum | 最大值 Maximum | 平均值 Average | 标准差 Standard deviation |
高位热值High calorific value/(kJ·g-1) | 12 | 30.93 | 33.81 | 32.46 | 0.83 |
固定碳含量Fixed carbon(%) | 12 | 73.39 | 91.75 | 85.86 | 4.33 |
灰分含量Ash(%) | 12 | 2.26 | 9.92 | 4.28 | 2.10 |
挥发分含量Volatile(%) | 12 | 5.64 | 16.69 | 9.86 | 2.48 |
Table 3
Calorific values and proximate analysis of different parts of moso bamboo"
竹龄 Ages | 项目 Items | 梢部 Top | 中部 Middle | 基部 Base | 热值相对差异 Relative difference of calorific value(%) |
4年 Four years | 固定碳含量Fixed carbon(%) | 86.69 | 86.88 | 91.78 | 2.8 |
高位热值High calorific value/(kJ·g-1) | 32.23 | 32.61 | 33.61 | ||
灰分含量Ash(%) | 3.67 | 3.77 | 2.43 | ||
挥发分含量Volatile(%) | 9.64 | 9.35 | 5.79 | ||
5年 Five years | 固定碳含量Fixed carbon(%) | 84.83 | 91.75 | 89.06 | 1.4 |
高位热值High calorific value/(kJ·g-1) | 33.76 | 33.08 | 33.75 | ||
灰分含量Ash(%) | 2.69 | 2.61 | 1.23 | ||
挥发分含量Volatile(%) | 12.48 | 5.64 | 9.71 | ||
6年 Six years | 固定碳含量Fixed carbon(%) | 87.42 | 84.57 | 89.65 | 0.92 |
高位热值High calorific value/(kJ·g-1) | 33.85 | 33.81 | 34.28 | ||
灰分含量Ash(%) | 3.53 | 4.63 | 2.79 | ||
挥发分含量Volatile(%) | 9.05 | 10.80 | 7.56 |
Table 5
Carbonization temperature, calorific values and proximate analysis of bamboo charcoals"
炭化温度 Temperature (T)/℃ | 固定碳含量 Fixed carbon (C)(%) | 高位热值 High calorific value (Q)/(kJ·g-1) | 炭化温度 Temperature (T)/℃ | 固定碳含量 Fixed carbon (C)(%) | 高位热值 High calorific value (Q)/(kJ·g-1) | |
240 | 53.61 | 25.89 | 700 | 80.80 | 29.96 | |
260 | 56.09 | 28.09 | 700 | 81.00 | 30.23 | |
280 | 59.66 | 28.71 | 700 | 81.80 | 30.98 | |
300 | 62.70 | 29.08 | 700 | 82.97 | 30.57 | |
320 | 63.82 | 29.18 | 800 | 87.40 | 32.35 | |
500 | 76.78 | 29.33 | 800 | 90.30 | 32.79 | |
600 | 75.20 | 30.35 | 800 | 90.80 | 32.49 | |
600 | 76.50 | 30.87 | 800 | 91.22 | 32.58 | |
600 | 78.60 | 31.94 | 800 | 84.57 | 33.81 | |
600 | 86.96 | 31.43 | 800 | 84.83 | 33.76 | |
700 | 76.03 | 29.77 | 800 | 86.69 | 32.23 | |
700 | 78.00 | 29.93 | 800 | 86.88 | 32.61 | |
700 | 78.16 | 29.40 | 800 | 87.42 | 33.85 | |
700 | 78.65 | 28.85 | 800 | 88.83 | 31.40 | |
700 | 79.58 | 30.27 | 800 | 89.06 | 33.75 | |
700 | 79.66 | 30.87 | 800 | 89.65 | 34.28 | |
700 | 79.70 | 29.08 | 800 | 91.75 | 33.08 | |
700 | 79.85 | 30.51 | 800 | 91.78 | 33.61 | |
700 | 84.80 | 32.41 | 900 | 90.00 | 31.96 | |
700 | 86.90 | 33.66 | 900 | 91.10 | 31.48 | |
700 | 88.70 | 33.54 | 900 | 91.20 | 32.52 | |
700 | 89.49 | 32.10 | 900 | 92.22 | 32.87 | |
700 | 80.00 | 29.92 | 1 000 | 93.83 | 33.36 | |
700 | 80.48 | 30.59 | 1 100 | 92.97 | 33.09 |
Table 7
Predicted values of the fitting formula and error"
竹种 Bamboo species | 固定碳含量Fixed carbon | 热值Calorific value | |||||
实际值 Actual value(%) | 预测值 Predicted value(%) | 误差 Error(%) | 实际值 Actual value/(kJ·g-1) | 预测值 Predicted value/(kJ·g-1) | 误差 Error(%) | ||
石竹Dianthus chinensis | 75.35 | 86.92 | 15 | 27.94 | 29.95 | 7 | |
安吉水胖竹Berberis anhweiensis | 80.94 | 86.92 | 7 | 29.79 | 30.91 | 4 | |
罗汉竹Bambusa ventricosa | 80.97 | 86.92 | 7 | 30.45 | 30.91 | 2 | |
红竹Dendrocalamus jiangshuiensis | 82.19 | 86.92 | 6 | 31.06 | 31.14 | 0 | |
金毛空竹Cephalostachyum virgatum | 83.05 | 86.92 | 5 | 30.84 | 31.30 | 1 | |
斑竹Phyllostachys bambusoides f. lacrima-deae | 83.33 | 86.92 | 4 | 30.20 | 31.35 | 4 | |
红壳雷竹Phyllostachys incarnata | 83.36 | 86.92 | 4 | 29.76 | 31.35 | 5 | |
茶秆竹Pseudosasa amabilis | 84.37 | 86.92 | 3 | 31.03 | 31.55 | 2 | |
黄秆乌哺鸡竹Phyllostachys vivax cv. Aureocaulis | 84.39 | 86.92 | 3 | 31.16 | 31.55 | 1 | |
苦竹Pleioblastus amarus | 86.31 | 86.92 | 1 | 30.04 | 31.93 | 6 | |
白哺鸡竹Phyllostachys dulcis | 86.46 | 86.92 | 1 | 29.96 | 31.96 | 7 | |
紫竹Phyllostachys nigra | 86.69 | 86.92 | 0 | 32.39 | 32.00 | 1 | |
唐竹Sinobambusa tootsik | 86.89 | 86.92 | 0 | 32.18 | 32.04 | 0 | |
乌哺鸡竹Phyllostachys vivax | 87.20 | 86.92 | 0 | 32.98 | 32.11 | 3 | |
四季竹Oligostachyum lubricum | 87.27 | 86.92 | 0 | 30.96 | 32.12 | 4 | |
花孝顺竹Bambusa multiplex cv. Alphonse-Karr | 87.49 | 86.92 | 1 | 31.06 | 32.17 | 4 | |
龟甲竹Phyllostachys heterocycla | 87.77 | 86.92 | 1 | 31.85 | 32.22 | 1 | |
金镶玉竹Phyllostachys aureosulcata cv. Spectabilis | 87.89 | 86.92 | 1 | 32.62 | 32.25 | 1 | |
高节竹Phyllostachys prominens | 88.61 | 86.92 | 2 | 32.50 | 32.40 | 0 | |
黄纹竹Phyllostachys vivax cv. Huanwenzhu | 89.06 | 86.92 | 2 | 31.53 | 32.49 | 3 | |
桂竹Phyllostachys bambusoides | 89.92 | 86.92 | 3 | 31.64 | 32.67 | 3 | |
雷竹Phyllostachys praecox cv. Prevernalis | 90.06 | 86.92 | 3 | 31.14 | 32.70 | 5 | |
安吉金竹Phyllostachys parvifolia | 92.59 | 86.92 | 6 | 31.79 | 33.25 | 5 |
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