长白山北坡云冷杉阔叶混交林的物种多度格局

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20210509

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: Species abundance distribution of community is the base for the biodiversity and community assemblage rules. Aim of the study was to fit the species abundance distribution of spruce-fir broad-leaved tree species mixed forest in overcutting forest zone in northeast of China and to interpret the ecological mechanisms behind the pattern. Method: Empirical statistical model, niche model, unified neutral theory model and niche composite model were used to analyze the species abundance data from the 12 communities of spruce-fir broad-leaved tree species mixed forest in overcutting forest zone in northeast of China. Result: 1) Logarithm normal distribution(ln)model and Poisson logarithm normal distribution(pl)model performed better than the logarithm series model(ls), the T parameter from the ls model and the λ parameter from the ln model characterized the biodiversity property of the 12 communities. 2) Among the 7 niche models, the random broken sticks model performed the best, followed by the overlapping niche model, geometrical series model, Zipf model and Zipf-Mandelbrot model, and the random assortment model and the dominance preemption model performed the worst. 3) The fitting capacity of the composite model performed better than the other traditional niche models listed above, especially when the abundances of common and rare species were in different competition hierarchies; the empirical model and the niche model exhibited the same performance when the basal area were used as generalized abundance indices, while the composite model and the unified neutral model had differences with that for individual number as abundance indices. Conclusion: Composite model was a combination of two simple niche model, it could span the bridge between empirical model, niche model and neutral theory model, and open up new ways for the species abundance pattern analysis. The species abundance of spruce-fir broad-leaved tree species mixed forest in overcutting forest zone in northeast of China was a combination of deterministic and stochastic ecological processes, and represented multiple mechanisms such as seed source dispersal, interspecific competition, forest cutting and random disturbance, overlogged forest community was in the stage of recovery succession, niche process may dominate.

Key words: species abundance relationship model, composite model, unified neutral theory model, niche model, random assortment model

CLC Number:

S718.5

Yuedong Guo,Huiru Zhang,Jun Lu,Zhuohui Wang. Species Abundance Distribution of Spruce-Fir Broad-Leaved Tree Species Mixed Forest in Northern Slope of Changbai Mountain in China[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(5): 93-107.

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样地 Sample plot	林分密度 Stand density/ (tree·hm^-2)	树种组成 Tree species composition	林分断面积 Basic area/m²	坡位 Slope position	海拔 Elevation/m	郁闭度 Canopy density
1	934	2椴树2杂2冷杉1云杉1色木1红松1落叶松+枫桦 2TI2MT2FI1SP1MA1KP1LA+YB	15.42	下Down	742	0.60
2	1 224	3杂2椴树2色木1冷杉1红松1枫桦+落叶松+云杉-榆树3 MT2TI2MA1FI1KP1YB+LA+SP-EL	15.26	中Middle	752	0.70
3	1 233	3杂2椴树2冷杉1色木1落叶松1榆树+红松+枫桦+云杉 3MT2TI2FI1MA1LA1EL+KP+YB+SP	16.87	中Middle	760	0.71
4	1 167	3椴树2杂2冷杉1色木1红松1榆树+云杉+枫桦-落叶松 3TI2MT2FI1MA1KP1EL+SP+YB-LA	17.20	上Up	773	0.66
5	1 328	2椴树2色木2杂2冷杉1红松1云杉+枫桦+榆树-落叶松 2TI2MA2MT2FI1KP1SP+YB+EL-LA	18.45	中Middle	780	0.72
6	1 422	3冷杉2椴树2色木1杂1枫桦1红松+云杉+榆树+落叶松 3FI2TI2MA1MT1YB1KP+SP+EL+LA	18.01	上Up	792	0.73
7	1 540	4冷杉2椴树1杂1色木1红松1枫桦+榆树+落叶松+云杉 4FI2TI1MT1MA1KP1YB+EL+LA+SP	18.60	上Up	771	0.76
8	1 310	3冷杉1杂1椴树1枫桦1云杉1色木1红松1白桦+落叶松 3FI1MT1TI1YB1SP1MA1KP1WB+LA	15.57	下Down	732	0.75
9	1 438	4冷杉2椴树1红松1色木1杂1枫桦+云杉+落叶松+榆树+杨树 4FI2TI1KP1MA1MT1YB+SP+LA+EL+PO	17.09	下Down	749	0.71
10	1 195	2椴树2杂2冷杉1红松1云杉1枫桦1色木+落叶松+榆树+杨树 2TI2MT2FI1KP1SP1YB1MA+LA+EL+PO	19.19	下Down	759	0.76
11	1 301	3椴树2色木2冷杉1红松1榆树1云杉+水曲柳+杂+枫桦+落叶松 3TI2MA2FI1KP1EL1SP+AS+MT+YB+LA	19.18	上Up	769	0.65
12	1 437	2椴树2杂1色木1榆树1冷杉1红松1落叶松1云杉+枫桦+水曲柳 2TI2MT1MA1EL1SP1KP1LA1SP+YB+AS	22.12	上Up	773	0.73

样地 Sample plot	ls			ln			pl
样地 Sample plot	χ²	D	AIC	χ²	D	AIC	χ²	D	AIC
1	5.39	0.40	162.14	6.99^*	0.30	159.10	7.14^*	0.30	159.21
2	3.46	0.60^*	143.53	0.01	0.60^*	129.84	0.02	0.60^*	129.82
3	2.70	0.60^*	156.34	15.95^**	0.40	153.38	9.69^**	0.40	152.67
4	2.74	0.60^*	154.48	12.54^**	0.40	152.12	7.64^*	0.40	151.51
5	3.78	0.50	154.22	0.04	0.40	143.46	0.96	0.40	143.36
6	2.57	0.36	169.17	7.94^*	0.36	171.53	5.53	0.36	171.26
7	4.05	0.45	162.73	0.24	0.36	155.58	0.34	0.36	155.64
8	1.46	0.54	163.47	4.62	0.36	167.61	3.04	0.36	167.22
9	1.13	0.42	158.09	6.79^*	0.42	160.62	4.69	0.41	160.37
10	1.85	0.50	162.21	5.73	0.30	161.24	3.51	0.30	160.92
11	4.17	0.55	164.65	0.03	0.45	151.31	0.55	0.45	150.88
12	1.30	0.45	171.84	8.90^*	0.36	173.76	6.50	0.36	173.51

样地 Sample plot	T	λ	个体数Number of individual				胸高断面积Basal area
样地 Sample plot	T	λ	Shannon- Wiener	Marglef	Simpson	Pielou	Shannon- Wiener	Marglef	Simpson	Pielou
1	1.94	3.39	2.24	2.04	0.87	0.82	2.14	1.67	0.85	0.79
2	1.67	4.39	2.18	1.41	0.87	0.91	1.99	1.15	0.83	0.83
3	2.03	3.92	2.22	1.69	0.88	0.87	1.91	1.36	0.81	0.75
4	2.05	3.86	2.23	1.70	0.88	0.87	2.06	1.40	0.85	0.80
5	1.82	4.30	2.24	1.53	0.88	0.90	2.04	1.26	0.84	0.82
6	2.34	3.56	2.18	1.93	0.86	0.80	2.06	1.58	0.84	0.76
7	1.95	4.13	2.12	1.64	0.84	0.83	1.99	1.35	0.82	0.78
8	2.38	3.38	2.14	1.95	0.85	0.79	2.09	1.61	0.84	0.77
9	2.15	3.55	1.96	1.79	0.79	0.74	1.86	1.51	0.76	0.71
10	2.23	3.72	2.27	1.83	0.88	0.86	2.12	1.54	0.85	0.80
11	2.01	4.23	2.29	1.67	0.88	0.89	2.10	1.42	0.84	0.82
12	2.33	3.65	2.19	1.92	0.85	0.81	2.31	1.66	0.89	0.85

	ls.T	ln.λ	Shannon- Wiener	Marglef	Simpson	Pielou	Shannon- Wiener.G	Marglef.G	Simpson.G
ln.λ	-0.76^**
Shannon-Wiener	-0.18	0.29
Marglef	0.77^**	-0.94^**	-0.06
Simpson	-0.29	0.37	0.96^**	-0.21
Pielou	-0.67^*	0.81^**	0.74^*	-0.71^**	0.83^**
Shannon-Wiener.G	0.37	-0.25	0.51	0.47	0.34	0.04
Marglef.G	0.80^**	-0.91^**	-0.08	0.98^**	-0.26	-0.71^**	0.54
Simpson.G	0.20	-0.05	0.70^**	0.26	0.60^*	0.32	0.93^**	0.30
Pielou.G	-0.28	0.46	0.65^*	-0.27	0.58^*	0.64^*	0.72^*	-0.18	0.81^*

样地 Sample plot	GS			RBS			Zipf			Mand			ONM			DPM			RAM
样地 Sample plot	χ²	D	AIC	χ²	D	AIC	χ²	D	AIC	χ²	D	AIC	χ²	D	AIC	χ²	D	AIC	χ²	D	AIC
1	2.16	0.10	5.36	1.92	0.10	3.36	9.96	0.25	14.35	2.50	0.10	8.70	6.50	0.20	4.12	7.00	0.50^**	10.99	16.00	0.50^**	4.70
2	6.33	0.10	6.70	6.83	0.15	4.70	9.00	0.11	10.29	6.33	0.10	8.70	3.25	0.10	6.58	8.00	0.30	12.24	26.00^**	0.45^*	9.56
3	4.00	0.16	3.82	7.50	0.10	4.70	8.00	0.24	9.55	4.00	0.16	5.82	2.25	0.10	4.12	3.00	0.30	13.35	25.00^**	0.30	9.56
4	3.67	0.20	5.36	3.25	0.11	-5.10	10.39	0.24	15.69	3.91	0.20	8.70	2.00	0.10	5.41	19.00^*	0.30	10.99	25.00^**	0.30	9.56
5	6.33	0.17	8.93	5.33	0.26	3.36	13.00	0.24	13.86	6.33	0.17	10.93	1.03	0.10	9.03	3.00	0.20	14.11	29.00^**	0.26	10.65
6	7.00	0.09	8.58	3.91	0.09	0.96	7.66	0.19	13.63	7.00	0.09	10.57	2.78	0.14	8.58	7.00	0.45^**	11.74	19.00^*	0.45^**	8.11
7	4.33	0.18	4.65	1.83	0.18	-3.50	6.41	0.27	13.04	4.33	0.18	6.65	0.75	0.09	2.65	6.00	0.27	8.58	17.00	0.27	4.79
8	21.16^*	0.18	19.09	13.17	0.18	15.25	21.25^*	0.19	21.82	21.16^*	0.27	22.66	7.55	0.21	4.12	37.00^**	0.27	14.74	41.00	0.27	15.50
9	8.00	0.22	9.27	4.67	0.19	0	4.80	0.17	7.27	7.00	0.17	10.12	4.13	0.22	7.11	14.00	0.42	10.17	17.00	0.42^*	6.72
10	4.00	0.30	5.36	7.83	0.10	5.88	22.50^**	0.34	18.56	4.00	0.30	7.36	4.46	0.20	1.84	4.00	0.40	12.53	22.00^**	0.40^*	8.33
11	1.17	0.09	-9.13	1.50	0.19	-11.12	0.67	0.18	-6.66	1.16	0.09	-7.13	2.33	0.12	4.12	10.00	0.27	11.04	23.00^*	0.32	8.11
12	7.00	0.27	10.58	4.67	0.19	4.12	8.67	0.18	14.20	9.00	0.18	19.25	5.13	0.21	8.58	28.00	0.36	14.74	31.00^**	0.36^*	12.73

Species Abundance Distribution of Spruce-Fir Broad-Leaved Tree Species Mixed Forest in Northern Slope of Changbai Mountain in China

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样地 Sample plot	J	MZSM				Volkov
样地 Sample plot	J	θ	χ²	D	AIC	θ	m	χ²	D	AIC
1	934	2.80	17.50^*	0.30	11.88	6.72	0.02	8.26	0.30	4.04
2	1 224	1.98	27.50^**	0.42	14.99	4.01	0.01	14.95	0.60^*	10.83
3	1 233	2.33	25.50^**	0.31	14.30	5.25	0.01	11.11	0.40	8.87
4	1 167	2.35	15.00	0.31	11.88	5.31	0.01	10.07	0.40	8.47
5	1 328	2.14	29.00^**	0.23	15.31	4.51	0.01	15.22	0.40	12.04
6	1 422	2.57	19.50^*	0.28	11.62	6.00	0.01	7.37	0.36	3.79
7	1 540	2.21	19.50^*	0.28	11.62	4.59	0.01	7.74	0.36	2.88
8	1 310	2.60	43.50^**	0.27	20.66	6.78	0.01	17.14	0.45	16.18
9	1 438	2.29	16.00	0.33	8.87	4.82	0.01	7.86	0.42	1.59
10	1 195	2.52	21.00^*	0.21	11.88	5.94	0.01	9.18	0.30	7.42
11	1 301	2.31	18.00	0.36	12.58	4.28	0.01	9.02	0.45	5.79
12	1 437	2.56	31.00^**	0.28	15.74	5.46	0.01	11.17	0.36	10.71

样地 Sample plot	陡变点 Abrupt point	dataset 1 多度总和 Abundance sum of dataset 1	群落多度总和 Abundance sum of community	dataset 1 多度比例 Abundance proportion of dataset 1	dataset 1 最佳拟合模型 Optimum model of dataset 1	dataset 2 最佳拟合模型 Optimum model of dataset 2	χ²	D	AIC
1	9	860	934	0.92	ONM	RBS	6.33	0.10	-2.23
2	8	1 093	1 224	0.89	ONM	RBS	3.33	0.15	-5.10
3	8	1 072	1 233	0.87	ONM	RAM	5.17	0.10	1.82
4	9	1 120	1 167	0.96	ONM	RAM	8.00	0.13	3.36
5	9	1 278	1 328	0.96	ONM	RAM	2.50	0.10	-5.11
6	10	1 393	1 422	0.98	ONM	RAM	3.50	0.18	-3.50
7	10	1 514	1 540	0.98	ONM	RBS	2.83	0.09	-11.12
8	10	1 293	1 310	0.99	ONM	RAM	21.25^*	0.11	16.20
9	10	1 415	1 438	0.98	ONM	DPM	7.33	0.23	3.45
10	10	1 160	1 195	0.97	ONM	DPM	1.58	0.10	-9.16
11	10	1 236	1 301	0.95	ONM	RBS	1.50	0.18	-11.13
12	11	1 420	1 437	0.99	ONM	DPM	7.00	0.18	6.57

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