凋落物对迷人杜鹃幼苗更新和种子萌发的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20150309

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The "One Hundred Mile Azalea Forest" is the largest Rhododendron forest in China so far. Rhododendron agastum is an important protected species in the natural reserve "One Hundred Mile Azalea Forest" in Guizhou province, and has important ecological, scientific and cultural value. 【Method】 In field investigations in a forest of Rh. agastum, we found that there were a 1ot of litter but rare seedlings in the forest. Aiming at this problem, the effects of litter coverage on seedling regeneration of Rh. agastum communities were investigated in the One Hundred Mile Azalea Forest. The physical effects of litter coverage on seed germination and seedling growth were investigated in artificial simulation experiments in which different seed-sowing positions and different thicknesses of litter were applied. The biochemical effect of litter on seed germination was investigated by irrigating Rh. agastum seeds with litter leachates that were prepared by extraction of litter with diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, or n-butanol. 【Result】 Our results indicated that a thick litter layer suppressed seedling regeneration under natural conditions. The maximum seedling number was observed for litter less than 4 cm thick, and the number of seedlings gradually decreased with increased litter thickness. Sowing patterns and litter depth had a significant influence on the germination and seedling emergence. The seed germination rate of the control (without litter) was highest. Seeds sown on the litter surface had much lower germination rate or failed to germination. With the increase of litter thickness, the seed germination rate and seedling emergence rate decreased. No matter which kind of extract processing of three kinds of leachates, high concentrations inhibited seed germination, most notably for the diethyl ether fraction at the concentration of 12 mg·mL^-1. In this concentration, the germination rate and seedling height of Rh. agastum were decreased by 83.0% and 68.8%, respectively, with the embryo root growth completely stopped. These present results suggested that litter would have a physical and allelopathy effect. The litter appeared to act as a physical obstacle that prevented seedlings from rooting, and also impeded their growth. Furthermore, the litter led to low-light conditions that suppressed seed germination. Allelochemicals present in the litter also inhibited seed germination and seedling formation, which was evidenced by the fact that the litter extractions by using diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol contained 29, 16, and 4 allelochemicals, respectively by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 【Conclusion】 Thus, in Rhododendron forest tending management, reasonably cleaning up litters could promote the natural regeneration of Rh. agastum seedlings.

Key words: Rhododendron agastum, thickness, germination, physical obstacles, allelopathy

CLC Number:

S718.43

Zhou Yan, Chen Xun, Wei Xiaoli, Wu Qing, Li Chaochan. Effects of Litter on the Seedling Regeneration and Seed Germination of Rhododendron agastum[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2015, 51(3): 65-74.

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Effects of Litter on the Seedling Regeneration and Seed Germination of Rhododendron agastum

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