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林业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (10): 121-134.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20250293

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

台湾含笑的育种潜力

崔罗敏1,2,王芝权1,孙晓威1,於朝广1,喻方圆2,殷云龙1,*()   

  1. 1. 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所(南京中山植物园) 江苏省植物资源保护与利用重点实验室 南京 210014
    2. 南京林业大学林草学院 南京 210037
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-11 出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-11-05
  • 通讯作者: 殷云龙 E-mail:yinyl066@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(21)3044)。

Potential of Michelia compressa (Magnoliaceae) Breeding

Luomin Cui1,2,Zhiquan Wang1,Xiaowei Sun1,Chaoguang Yu1,Fangyuan Yu2,Yunlong Yin1,*()   

  1. 1. Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Plant Resources Nanjing 210014
    2. College of Forestry and Grassland, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037
  • Received:2025-05-11 Online:2025-10-25 Published:2025-11-05
  • Contact: Yunlong Yin E-mail:yinyl066@sina.com

摘要:

目的: 台湾含笑具有优良的观赏价值及抗逆性,是优良的杂交亲本。本研究观测了台湾含笑的开花特征,探索了种间及属间杂交,为台湾含笑与近缘种及远缘种杂交育种提供理论指导。方法: 观察分析台湾含笑的开花特征和开花动态,柱头可授性,花粉母细胞减数分裂,并以台湾含笑为亲本进行了近缘及远缘杂交试验,对获得的杂种苗进行表型特征测定,同时运用SSR(simple sequence repeats)分子标记技术对杂交后代的真实性进行了鉴定。结果: 台湾含笑为雌雄异熟,但雌、雄性期存在短暂的重叠,并且没有二次开合现象,小孢子减数分裂基本正常,花粉具有较好的花粉萌发力;以台湾含笑为亲本的16个杂交组合中,台湾含笑与深山含笑,阔瓣含笑,红花深山含笑,金叶含笑均具有较高的杂交亲和性,与峨眉含笑杂交存在单向杂交亲和性现象,与玉兰属的属间正反交均败育;台湾含笑与红花深山含笑的杂种在苗期生长中表现出显著的杂种优势,并通过SSR分子标记鉴定杂种真实率为100%。结论: 综上得出,台湾含笑属内近缘种间杂交较为容易,与远缘种杂交较为困难。本研究为实现台湾含笑的杂交育种和种质创新提供了重要的理论基础,有望在未来培育出更多优良的含笑属新品种。

关键词: 台湾含笑, 开花特征, 杂交育种, 杂种鉴定, 育种潜力

Abstract:

Objective: Michelia compressa is renowned for its exceptional ornamental value and stress tolerance, making it a superior parent for hybridization. This study observed the flowering characteristics of M. compressa and explored inter species and inter genus hybridization, in order to provide a theoretical guidance for the breeding of M. compressa through crossing with both closely related and distantly related species. Method: In this study, the flowering characteristics and dynamics of M. compressa, including stigma receptivity, microspore meiosis characteristics, and pollen germination were investigated. With M. compressa as a parent, hybridization experiments with both closely related species and distantly related species were conducted. The phenotypic characteristics of the resulting hybrid seedlings were measured, and the authenticity of the hybrid offspring was verified using SSR molecular marker technology. Result: M. compressa is a protandrous species characterized by a short temporal overlap between the female and male reproductive phases, without exhibiting secondary opening and closing. The meiosis of microspores occurs normally, and the pollen displays strong germination ability. Among the 16 hybrid combinations with M. compressa as a parent, M. compressa had high hybrid compatibility with M. maudiae, M. cavaleriei var. platypetala, M. maudiae var. rubicunda, and M. foveolata. There was unidirectional hybrid compatibility when crossing with M. wilsonii, whereas intergeneric reciprocal crosses with Yulania resulted in abortion. The hybridization of M. compressa and M. maudiae var. rubicunda expressed significant heterosis during the seedling stage, and SSR molecular markers confirmed a 100% authenticity rate for the hybrids. Conclusion: In summary, M. compressa exhibits a relatively high propensity for hybridization with closely related species, whereas hybridization with distantly related species presents greater challenges. This study lays a theoretical foundation for the hybridization breeding and germplasm innovation of M. compressa, and it is paving the way for the breeding of superior new varieties within the Michelia in the future.

Key words: Michelia compressa, flowering characteristics, hybrid breeding, hybrid identification, breeding potential

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