关键词: 产业集聚, 企业全球价值链地位, 出口国内附加值率, 木材企业, 成本加成率

Abstract:

Objective: To clarify the mechanism of industrial agglomeration on enterprises’ GVC (global value chain) position and provide policy implications for wood enterprises to enhance their GVC position through industrial agglomeration. Method: Taking the export domestic value added rate (DVAR) as an index of the enterprises’ GVC position, a theoretical framework of the role of industrial agglomeration on DVAR was constructed. Based on the sample of 15 406 Chinese wood enterprises and customs trade data, the mediating effect model was applied to study the impact of industrial agglomeration on DVAR through the two paths of enterprise cost plus rate and the relative price of domestic intermediate goods. Result: 1) Overall, the clustering of the wood industry has significantly increased DVAR, with increase in clustering level of 1 unit resulting in an increase of 0.002 3 units in DVAR. 2) Specifically, for all sub-industries in the wood industry, the impact of industrial agglomeration on DVAR shows heterogeneity: increases in each unit of industrial agglomeration level has significantly increased the DVAR of wood-based panel industry by 0.014 1 units; the impact on the DVAR of wood processing industry and wood products industry is not significant; agglomeration reduces the DVAR of the wooden furniture industry by 0.006 8 units. 3) From the perspective of enterprise heterogeneity, compared with processing trade enterprises and foreign investment enterprises, industrial agglomeration significantly promotes the improvement of DVAR of general trade enterprises and local enterprises. There is no “inverted U” and “N” nonlinear relationship, that is, the production of enterprises is still in the range of increasing returns to scale, and further agglomeration of wood industry can still improve DVAR. 4) The results of the mediating effect model show that: the estimated coefficient of the cost plus rate and the relative price of domestic intermediate goods on DVAR is significantly positive, and for every 1 unit increase in the cost plus rate, DVAR is significantly increased by 0.066 0 units; For every 1 unit decrease in the relative price of domestic intermediate products, DVAR significantly increases by 0.151 5 units. Conclusion: Industrial agglomeration can improve the overall DVAR of the wood industry through two ways: the pool effect of labor, the sharing effect of intermediate inputs and the spillover effect of knowledge and technology to promote the increase of enterprise cost markup rate and the reduction of the relative price of domestic intermediate products, but there are industry heterogeneity and enterprise heterogeneity. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably guide the formation of wood industry agglomeration and optimize the layout. Under the new pattern of dual circulation, taking advantage of technological innovation and talent to drive the wood industry agglomeration and exerting a positive spillover effect in order to promote wood enterprises to gradually reduce their dependence on the international market and achieve a development path based on economic internal circulation through local industrial agglomeration.

Key words: industrial agglomeration, enterprises’ GVC (global value chain) position, export domestic added value rate, wood enterprises, cost plus rate