基于潜在生产力的华北落叶松纯林和白桦山杨混交林立地质量评价

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20221001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 探索基于潜在生产力的华北落叶松纯林和白桦山杨混交林林分立地质量评价, 为提高森林经营水平、促进现代林业发展和建设生态文明提供科学依据。方法: 利用崇礼区2019年森林资源一张图小班数据, 建立林分平均树高、断面积和蓄积生长模型, 计算华北落叶松纯林和白桦山杨混交林林分断面积和蓄积潜在生产力, 并结合林分现实生产力对潜在生产力的计算方法和实用性进行评价。结果: 华北落叶松纯林和白桦山杨混交林林分平均树高、断面积和蓄积生长模型拟合效果良好, 潜在生产力均随立地质量降低而下降, 华北落叶松纯林基准年龄时断面积潜在生产力介于2.06~2.11 m²·hm^-2a^-1之间, 蓄积潜在生产力介于6.27~12.11 m³·hm^-2a^-1之间, 白桦山杨混交林基准年龄时断面积和蓄积潜在生产力分别介于1.72~2.28和4.43~8.72 m³ ·hm^-2a^-1之间。林分现实生产力低于潜在生产力, 且差异随林分年龄增大而减小。对于中幼龄林样地, 立地质量高的林分现实生产力较大, 与潜在生产力的差异随立地等级上升而下降。结论: 华北落叶松纯林和白桦山杨混交林在中幼龄林阶段表现出比成过熟林阶段更高的潜在生产力, 现实生产力与潜在生产力相差较大, 差异随立地质量降低而增大, 应加强中幼龄林森林抚育, 且抚育过程中应重视立地质量中等的森林; 基准年龄时林分断面积和蓄积潜在生产力可作为评价立地质量好坏的指标。

关键词: 立地质量评价, 潜在生产力, 现实生产力, 华北落叶松纯林, 白桦山杨混交林

Abstract:

Objective: This study was carried out to develop a potential productivity-based approach of site quality evaluation for larch pure forests and birch-aspen mixed forests with the aims to provide scientific evidences for improving forest management level, promoting modern forestry development and ecological civilization construction. Method: Based on the latest compartment data of forest resources of Chongli area, Hebei Province in 2019, the growth models of stand mean height, basal area and volume were constructed for estimating the potential productivity of stand basal area and volume in larch pure forests and birch-aspen mixed forests. Hereafter, we also compared stand potential productivity against stand realized productivity in order to evaluate the computing method and practicability of stand potential productivity. Result: The fitting precision of the growth models of stand mean height, basal area and volume were good, and the stand potential productivity all decreased with the decrease of site quality. Specifically, the stand basal area potential productivity of sample plots of the larch pure forests ranged from 2.06 to 2.11 m²·hm^-2a^-1, and the stand volume potential productivity was 6.27-12.11 m³·hm^-2a^-1. Similarly, the stand basal area and volume potential productivity of sample plots of the birch-aspen mixed forests were 1.72-2.28 m²·hm^-2a^-1 and 4.43-8.72 m³·hm^-2a^-1, respectively. The stand realized productivity was lower than the stand potential productivity, and the difference between them decreased with the increase of stand average age. However, because of higher values of the stand realized productivity in higher site quality, the difference against the stand potential productivity decreased with the increase of value of site class for young and middle aged forest. Conclusion: For young and middle aged larch pure forests and birch-aspen mixed forests, the stand potential productivity was larger than that of mature and overmature forests, and the differences of stand potential productivity from stand realized productivity were large. However, such differences increased with the decrease of site quality. Therefore, young and middle aged forests tending should be strengthened, and the forests with the medium site quality should be taken into more consideration. Furthermore, these results suggested that potential productivity of stand basal area and volume under basal age could be used to assess site productivity effectively.

Key words: site quality evaluation, potential productivity, realized productivity, larch pure forest, birch-aspen mixed forest

中图分类号:

S758.5

段光爽,郑亚丽,洪亮,宋新宇,符利勇. 基于潜在生产力的华北落叶松纯林和白桦山杨混交林立地质量评价[J]. 林业科学, 2022, 58(10): 1-9.

Guangshuang Duan,Yali Zheng,Liang Hong,Xinyu Song,Liyong Fu. A Potential Productivity-Based Approach of Site Quality Evaluation for Larch Pure Forest and Birch-Aspen Mixed Forest[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(10): 1-9.

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变量 Variable	华北落叶松纯林Larch pure forest				白桦山杨混交林Birch-aspen mixed forest
变量 Variable	平均 Mean	最小值 Min.	最大值 Max.	标准差 SD	平均 Mean	最小值 Min.	最大值 Max.	标准差 SD
林分断面积 Stand basal area/(m²·hm^-2)	13.64	1.03	63.48	11.78	16.33	1.43	49.95	8.89
林分蓄积 Stand volume/(m³·hm^-2)	46.68	1.65	287.25	47.85	61.18	2.70	203.70	33.75
林分平均年龄 Stand mean age/a	25	10	53	10	40	9	63	10
林分密度指数 Stand density index	513	57	2 121	381	596	76	1 597	284
林分平均树高 Stand mean height/m	6.1	2.2	12	1.9	7.7	3.0	13.0	1.5

类型 Type	立地等级 Site class	模型(1)Model(1)			模型(5)Model(5)				模型(6)Model(6)
类型 Type	立地等级 Site class	a	b	c	a	b	c	d	a	b	c	d
华北落叶松纯林 Larch pure forest	1	11.37	0.053 5	1.24	87.44	12.41	4.76	0.23	638.20	0.24	2.18	0.52
	2	9.97	0.053 5	1.40	87.00	12.41	4.76	0.23	549.63	0.24	2.18	0.52
	3	8.58	0.053 5	1.57	86.17	12.41	4.76	0.23	465.13	0.24	2.18	0.52
	4	7.19	0.053 5	1.74	85.60	12.41	4.76	0.23	393.76	0.24	2.18	0.52
	5	5.79	0.053 5	1.91	85.51	12.41	4.76	0.23	330.66	0.24	2.18	0.52
白桦山杨混交林 Birch-aspen mixed forest	1	9.71	0.092 3	1.61	104.51	1.51	3.78	0.28	309.79	10.16	3.91	0.27
	2	8.41	0.092 3	2.06	98.24	1.51	3.78	0.28	274.20	10.16	3.91	0.27
	3	7.12	0.092 3	2.50	97.75	1.51	3.78	0.28	230.99	10.16	3.91	0.27
	4	5.83	0.092 3	2.95	97.36	1.51	3.78	0.28	199.09	10.16	3.91	0.27

类型 Type	潜在生产力Potential productivity	立地等级Site class
类型 Type	潜在生产力Potential productivity	1	2	3	4	5
华北落叶松纯林 Larch pure forest	断面积Basal area/(m²·hm^-2a^-1)	2.11	2.10	2.08	2.06	2.06
华北落叶松纯林 Larch pure forest	蓄积Volume/(m³·hm^-2a^-1)	12.11	10.43	8.82	7.47	6.27
白桦山杨混交林 Birch-aspen mixed forest	断面积Basal area/(m²·hm^-2a^-1)	2.28	1.83	1.79	1.76	1.72
白桦山杨混交林 Birch-aspen mixed forest	蓄积Volume/(m³·hm^-2a^-1)	8.72	7.67	6.42	5.53	4.43

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