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林业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (3): 189-194.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20210320

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    

白蜡窄吉丁对高温高湿的耐受性

党英侨,张彦龙,王小艺*,魏可,杨忠岐   

  1. 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 国家林业和草原局森林保护学重点实验室 北京 100091
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-19 出版日期:2021-03-25 发布日期:2021-04-07
  • 通讯作者: 王小艺
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1200400);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2017ZF002);国家自然科学基金项目(31971666)

Tolerability of Emerald Ash Borer to High Temperature and Humidity

Yingqiao Dang,Yanlong Zhang,Xiaoyi Wang*,Ke Wei,Zhongqi Yang   

  1. Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, CAF Beijing 100091
  • Received:2019-09-19 Online:2021-03-25 Published:2021-04-07
  • Contact: Xiaoyi Wang

摘要:

目的: 明确白蜡窄吉丁对高湿热环境的耐受能力,为预测白蜡窄吉丁在我国南方高温高湿地区定殖的可能性提供科学依据。方法: 室内设置极端温湿度环境,测定不同条件下白蜡窄吉丁雌雄成虫的生存率、雌虫成熟虫卵量以及新鲜卵粒的孵化情况。结果: 1)白蜡窄吉丁雌雄成虫对恒定高温高湿环境均具有较强耐受性。相对湿度为80%时,雌雄成虫可在38℃下存活3天以上,恒温41℃时雄虫的存活率在第三天开始下降,而雌虫则在恒温42℃才开始死亡。白蜡窄吉丁雄虫对高温高湿的耐受能力较雌虫弱,恒温43℃以上时雌虫可存活24 h,而雄虫在12 h内全部死亡。2)白蜡窄吉丁雌虫在相对湿度80%,温度28℃、38~43℃下均有卵发育成熟。与28℃对照相比,38和41℃下白蜡窄吉丁雌虫成熟虫卵量明显增多,当环境温度超过41℃时成熟虫卵量随温度升高而下降,44℃时卵无法发育成熟。3)相对湿度为80%时,卵粒易被霉菌感染,28和38℃时仍有部分卵粒孵化,41℃以上则无法正常孵化。与28℃相比,高温高湿环境下卵的孵化率显著降低。结论: 白蜡窄吉丁对高温高湿具备较强耐受性,被传播到中部或南部一些地区后具有正常生存并建立种群的可能性。

关键词: 白蜡窄吉丁, 极端环境, 耐受性, 温湿度效应, 时间-剂量-死亡率模型

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to explore the tolerance of emerald ash borer to a hot and humid environment and the possibility of colonization under high temperature and humidity conditions in southern China. Method: In this study, the survival rate of adults, the number of mature eggs per adult female, and the hatchability of fresh eggs were measured under different conditions of high temperature and humidity. Result: 1) Adults of emerald ash borer were relatively tolerant to constant high temperature and humidity. At 80% RH, both male and female adults were able to survive for more than 3 days at 38℃ when the relative humidity was 80%. The survival rate of males started to decrease on the third day at 41℃, while the mortality of females occurred only at constant temperatures above 42℃. Female adults were more tolerant than male adults, and females could survive for 24 hours at 43℃, while all males died within 12 hours. 2) Eggs of emerald ash borer could develop to maturity at 28℃, 38-43℃, 80% RH. The number of mature eggs per female at 38℃ and 41℃ were significantly more than that at 28℃. The number of mature eggs declined gradually with the increase of temperature when constant temperature was over 41℃, and no mature egg was observed at 44℃. 3) At 80% RH, eggs were easy to be infested by pathogens. However, some eggs still hatched at 28℃ and 38℃, but not at over 41℃. The egg hatchability decreased significantly under high temperature and humidity compared to the hatchability at 28℃. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that emerald ash borer has strong tolerance to high temperature and humidity, so that it is possible to survive and establish populations after being spread to some regions in central or southern China.

Key words: Agrilus planipennis, extreme environment, tolerability, temperature and humidity effects, time-dose-mortality model

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