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林业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (6): 94-102.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20200610

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

集材机用三角履带轮关键参数的优化设计

刘铁男1,2,王立海1,*,张广晖1,孟庆凯1   

  1. 1. 东北林业大学工程技术学院 哈尔滨 150040
    2. 黑龙江省森林工程与环境研究所 哈尔滨 150081
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-12 出版日期:2020-06-25 发布日期:2020-07-17
  • 通讯作者: 王立海
  • 基金资助:
    林业科学技术推广项目"环保型多功能集材机推广"(201633);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目"基于虚拟样机技术三角履带式集材机行走装置动力学研究与运动仿真"(2014-b026);黑龙江省财政项目"多功能集材装载机三角履带模块的设计研究"(2014-02SCZ)

Optimization Design of Key Parameters of a Triangular Pedrail Wheel System for Log Skidders

Tienan Liu1,2,Lihai Wang1,*,Guanghui Zhang1,Qingkai Meng1   

  1. 1. College of Engineering and Technology, Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040
    2. Heilongjiang Institute of Forest Engineering and Environment Harbin 150081
  • Received:2019-06-12 Online:2020-06-25 Published:2020-07-17
  • Contact: Lihai Wang

摘要:

目的: 采用三角履带轮代替传统轮胎,并对其关键参数进行优化设计,以改善轮式集材机的通过性,提高集材机的牵引力和爬坡能力,为集材机用三角履带轮后续研究提供理论数据,为其他三角履带轮研发提供参考。方法: 分析三角履带轮的结构组成及其作用,基于轮式集材机的基本参数和林内工况提出集材机用三角履带轮结构技术方案,选取三角履带轮关键参数,并结合轮式、履带式集材机的行驶理论、工作效率和布局关系等对集材机用三角履带轮关键参数取值范围进行理论计算。利用三角履带轮驱动效率理论,建立关键参数优化设计数学模型,借助MATLAB优化工具箱,采用约束非线性优化函数fmincon对关键参数进行优化,得到关键参数的最优组合。结果: 从输出结果得到exitflag=1,表明优化一阶最优性条件满足容许范围,分析结果比较理想。根据优化结果绘制三角履带轮总体几何布置图,三角履带轮各部件之间没有任何干涉。结论: 1)通过对三角履带轮结构组成及其作用的分析,结合林内工况,提出集材机用三角履带轮总体布置方案;2)选取三角履带轮关键参数,从实际调研出发,综合考虑工作效率、行驶稳定性及三角履带轮结构特性,确定关键参数选取原则和方法;3)基于三角履带驱动效率最优原则进行履带驱动段的驱动功率损失分析,建立履带驱动效率数学模型,确立优化目标函数,借助MATLAB软件优化模块对三角履带轮关键参数进行优化分析,得到关键参数的最优组合。

关键词: 三角履带轮, 行驶理论, 工作效率, 关键参数, 优化设计

Abstract:

Objective: A triangular crawler wheel system was designed for log skidders in place of the traditional tire, in order to improve the trafficability and to increase the tractive force and climbing ability of the vehicle. Methods: The technology solution, with the starting point of modifying the basic parameters of wheeled skidders to better adapt to the working conditions, selected the key parameters of the triangular pedrail wheel through the analysis of its structure composition and layout characteristics. Overall, the main parameters were theoretically calculated and determined by combining the driving theory, working efficiency and spatial layout relation, etc. More specifically, a mathematical model of the key parameters was established by introducing the driving efficiency theory on triangular crawler wheel system. Besides, a function for nonlinear constrained optimization, fmincon was implemented to obtain the optimal combination of the parameters, with the calculation achieved by MATLAB optimization toolbox. Results: Exitflag=1 is obtained from the output calculation results, indicating that the first-order optimality condition of this optimization meets the allowable range, and the analysis results are relatively ideal. According to the optimization results, the geometric layout plan of the triangular track wheel is drawn. In the layout plan, there is no interference between each part of the triangular track wheel. Conclusion: 1) Through the analysis of the composition and function of the triangular track wheel, combined with the working conditions in the forest, the overall arrangement scheme of the triangular track wheel suitable for the material gathering machine is proposed. 2) The key parameters of triangular track wheel were proposed, and the selection principles and methods of key parameters based on the practical investigation and comprehensive consideration of work efficiency, running stability and structural characteristics of triangular track wheel were determined. 3) Based on triangular crawler drive efficiency of the optimal principle, the crawler drive section of the drive power loss was analyzed. A mathematic model of the track driving efficiency was established to optimize the objective function, and with the help of MATLAB software in the optimization module, the key parameters for triangular pedrail wheel is optimized and the key optimized parameter values were finally obtained.

Key words: triangular pedrail wheel system, driving theory, work efficiency, key parameters, the optimization design

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