欢迎访问林业科学,今天是

林业科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (6): 53-62.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20180607

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

五倍子提取液对蓝莓采后病害和品质的影响

孙莎1,2, 郜海燕1, 熊涛2, 陈杭君1, 刘瑞玲1, 吴伟杰1   

  1. 1. 浙江省农业科学院食品科学研究所 农业部果品产后处理重点实验室 浙江省果蔬保鲜与加工技术研究重点实验室 中国轻工业果蔬保鲜与加工重点实验室 杭州 310021;
    2. 南昌大学 食品科学与技术国家重点实验室 南昌 330047
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-25 修回日期:2018-04-25 出版日期:2018-06-25 发布日期:2018-07-02
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31601523,31772042)。

The Effect of Galla chinensis extract on Postharvest Disease and Storage Quality of Blueberry

Sun Sha1,2, Gao Haiyan1, Xiong Tao2, Chen Hangjun1, Liu Ruiling1, Wu Weijie1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Postharvest Handing of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Postharvest of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science Hangzhou 310021;
    2. The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Nanchang University Nanchang 330047
  • Received:2017-03-25 Revised:2018-04-25 Online:2018-06-25 Published:2018-07-02

摘要: [目的]灰霉病是蓝莓采后最严重的病害之一,影响蓝莓采后贮藏品质及其体内抗氧化防御系统,研究五倍子提取液对灰葡萄孢霉侵染后蓝莓品质及其抗氧化系统的影响,探究五倍子提取液的抑菌机制,为蓝莓采后贮藏和品质提升提供参考。[方法]以‘莱格西’蓝莓为原材料,将75%(V/V)乙醇提取的五倍子醇提物和无菌水按照实验操作分组要求分别均匀地喷洒于蓝莓果实表面(4 mL·g-1),然后将处理后的试验组蓝莓置于25℃的恒温箱中,连续取样7天(每次间隔1天)。以蓝莓的品质指标:腐烂率、失重率、可滴定酸含量(TA)和可溶性固形物(TSS)、电导率、维生素C等以及丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、过氧化物酶(POD)等抗病性酶活指标的变化来反映五倍子提取液对蓝莓灰葡萄孢霉的抑菌效果强弱。[结果]蓝莓果实的营养指标腐烂率、失重率随着贮藏时间上升;TA和TSS都随着贮藏时间的延长明显下降,接菌组蓝莓的营养指标的衰变情况均要比五倍子处理组的要快,但由于灰霉菌的侵染,激活了蓝莓体内的防御系统,致使PPO、POD、CAT等抗性相关酶活性升高,形成消除自由基和病害的防御系统,但是后期由于病害严重,导致机体防御系统紊乱,而出现酶活下降;而经五倍子处理后的蓝莓果实品质要明显优于相应对照组,其酶活始终处于一个动态平衡的关系,后期由于衰老会出现轻微下降。[结论]五倍子提取物能效抑制灰葡萄孢霉对蓝莓的侵染,可作为一种有效控制蓝莓采后病害并保持蓝莓品质的手段。

关键词: 五倍子, 灰葡萄孢霉, 蓝莓品质, 抗氧化性

Abstract: [Objective] Gray mold is one of the most serious diseases of postharvest blueberry, and it affects the storage quality of blueberry and its defense systems. The effects of Galla chinensis (Chinese nutgall) extract on the quality and the anti-oxidative system of blueberry infected with Botrytis cinerea were studied. The antibacterial mechanism of gallnut extract was also investigated to provide reference for postharvest storage and quality control of blueberry.[Method] In this study, ‘Legsi’ blueberry was used as the experimental material, the extract of gallnut with 75% ethanol (ethanol:water, V/V) were uniformly sprayed on the blueberry fruit surface (4 mL·g-1), according to the experimental grouping requirements. Then the treated blueberry was placed in an incubator of 25℃, and sampled continuously for 7 days (1 d interval). The indexes of blueberry quality, including rotting rate, weight loss rate, titratable acid content (TA), total soluble solids (TSS), electrical conductivity, and vitamin C, were analyzed. Moreover, the malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POD) were also measured to reflect the antibacterial effect of gallnut extract on B. cinerea. [Result] Results showed that the nutrition indexes, rotting rate and weight loss rate of blueberry fruits increased significantly with storage time. TA and TSS all decreased significantly (P<0.05). The deterioration of the nutrition index of the blueberry inoculated with B. cinerea was much faster than that of the blueberry treated with gallnut extract. The defense system of blueberry was activated by the infection of B. cinerea, and the enzyme activities of PPO, POD, and CAT increased to form a defense system that eliminates free radicals and diseases. However, due to serious diseases in the later period, the defense system of blueberry was disordered, and enzyme activities were declined. While gallnut extract treatment significantly improved the postharvest quality and boosted the defense system of blueberry against B. cinerea infection. The enzyme activities in gallnut extract treatment groups were always in a dynamic equilibrium system, with slight decline due to aging.[Conclusion] These results indicated that gallnut extract can effectively inhibit the growth of B. cinerea, and could be used as a new approach to control the postharvest quality of blueberry.

Key words: Galla chinensis, Botrytis cinerea, blueberry quality, antioxidant

中图分类号: