黄连木叶片挥发性物质动态变化分析

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20150118

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

[目的]了解黄连木叶片挥发性物质释放的日变化动态和季节变化动态,对黄连木叶片挥发性物质成分和相对含量进行比较分析,为黄连木叶片挥发性物质的利用提供理论依据.[方法]随机选取5株成年黄连木,分别于2008年春季(5月)、夏季(7月)、秋季(10月)选择天气晴朗的1天,在9:00,12:00,15:00,18:00和21:00采集树冠外围受光一致、健康无损的复叶,利用静态顶空进样与气相色谱－质谱(GC-MS)联用法,对叶片释放挥发性物质的成分和相对含量进行日动态变化和季节动态变化的测定分析.[结果]黄连木叶片释放的挥发性物质主要包括顺式-β-罗勒烯、反式-β-罗勒烯、香芹烯、3-蒈烯、α-松节烯、β-月桂烯等单萜类化合物及少量的醇类、酮类、酯类化合物,其中萜烯类化合物占总排量的85%以上.1年中,萜烯类化合物的释放动态趋势为夏季(93.6%)>秋季(89.2%)>春季(85.9%),而萜烯类化合物的种类在春季最多(59种),其次是夏季(52种),而秋季最少(50种);醇类物质的释放量在春季最多,夏季和秋季的释放量相近;酯类、烷烃类和醛类物质均为夏季的释放量最少,春季的释放量多于秋季;而酮类物质的释放量在不同季节中没有明显变化.就主要的萜烯类物质的释放量而言,顺式-β-罗勒烯为春季>夏季>秋季,反式-β-罗勒烯为秋季>春季>夏季,而香芹烯则为秋季>夏季>春季,α-松节烯和β-月桂烯的释放量基本保持不变,3-蒈烯为夏季>春季>秋季.1天中,萜烯类化合物的释放总量呈现先增多后降低的趋势,并在15:00释放量达到最大,而早晚的释放量则较小.就几种主要的萜烯类物质的释放量而言,香芹烯、反式-β-罗勒烯和顺式-β-罗勒烯无论在春季、夏季或者秋季,其释放量均在15:00达到最高;α-松节烯在春季和秋季,15:00达到最大水平,而夏季12:00其释放量已达到最大;β-月桂烯的相对含量除了春季18:00略有下降外,其他时间均保持不变;3-蒈烯1天中的释放量在春季和秋季基本保持不变,但夏季呈先增多后减少的趋势,并于12:00释放量达到最大.[结论]萜烯类化合物是黄连木叶片释放的主要挥发性物质,其年释放动态变化趋势为夏季>秋季>春季,日释放量动态变化趋势为15:00>12:00>18:00>9:00>21:00.

关键词: 黄连木, 气相色谱-质谱联用法, 挥发性有机化合物, 释放动态

Abstract:

[Objective]In order to provide a theory basis for the use of leaf volatiles of Pistacia chinensis, it is necessary to understand its diel fluctuation and seasonal dynamics of volatile organic compounds and analyze its volatile composition and relative content.[Method]Five P. chinensis individuals were randomly selected from an adult P. chinensis plantation in North Campus, Shandong Agricultural University. The healthy compound leaves were collected from the outside canopy receiving uniform sunlight at 9:00, 12:00, 15:00, 18:00 and 21:00 on a sunny day in the spring of 2008 (may), summer (July), the fall (October), respectively. The diel fluctuation and seasonal dynamics of volatile organic compounds from P. chinensis leaves were determined by automatic static headspace and GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) technique. [Result]The released volatile substances mainly contained Monoterpenes of β-cis-ocimene, β-trans-ocimene, D-limonene, 3-carene, α-pinene, and β-myrcene, and a small amount of alcohols, ketones and esters. The terpenes accounted for more than 85% of the total volatiles. During a year, the release of terpene substances had a dynamic trend of summer (93.6%) > fall (89.2%) > spring (85.9%). The species of terpene substances were most in spring (59 kinds), followed by that in summer (52 kinds), and then in autumn (50 kinds). The released quantity of alcohols was most in spring, and followed by that in summer and autumn, and the released amount in summer and autumn was similar; Esters, alkanes and aldehydes were released the least in summer, and the released amounts in spring were more than that in autumn. However, ketone release quantity did not change significantly in different seasons. In terms of several major terpenes, the release quantity of beta-cis-Ocimene in different seasons was as the following: spring> summer> autumn, the released beta-Trans-Ocimene was autumn> spring> summer, the released 3-carene was summer > spring > autumn, while the α-pinene and β-myrcene remained unchanged. During a day, the relative contents of monoterpenes showed a trend of the first increased then decreased, and at 15:00, the released amounts generally reached the highest in the day, with smaller in morning and evening. As for several major terpenes, the release quantity of β-cis-ocimene, β-trans-ocimene and D-limonene reached the most in 15:00, regardless of in spring, summer or autumn; and the α-pinene was released the most at 15:00 in spring and autumn, while it was released the maximum at 12:00 in summer; The release quantity of β-myrcene remained uncharged all the time except for that at 18:00 in spring when it slightly dropped. The release quantity of 3-carene remained unchanged in spring and autumn, while it showed a trend of the first increased then decreased with the peak at 12:00 pm. [Conclusion]Monoterpenes were the main volatile substances released from P. chinensis leaves. The seasonal dynamic trends were summer> autumn> spring, and the diel fluctuation showed a trend of 15:00> 12:00> 18:00> 09:00> 21:00.

Key words: Pistacia chinesis, static-headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, VOCs, releasing dynamics

中图分类号:

S661.9

王荣, 胡静静, 王超, 张贞, 盖瑞, 郭小静, 沈向. 黄连木叶片挥发性物质动态变化分析[J]. 林业科学, 2015, 51(1): 150-156.

Wang Rong, Hu Jingjing, Wang Chao, Zhang Zhen, Ge Rui, Guo Xiaojing, Shen Xiang. Analysis on Dynamic of Volatile Organic Substances Released from Pistacia Chinensis[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2015, 51(1): 150-156.

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