新疆普氏野马马胃蝇蛆病主要病原体黑腹胃蝇溯源

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20141112

林业科学 ›› 2014, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (11): 90-95.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20141112

新疆普氏野马马胃蝇蛆病主要病原体黑腹胃蝇溯源

王文婷¹, 张东¹, 胡德夫¹, 初红军², 曹杰³, 葛炎², 艾尔肯·吉力力³, 李凯¹

1. 北京林业大学自然保护区学院北京 100083;
2. 新疆阿勒泰林业局阿勒泰 836599;
3. 新疆野马繁殖研究中心乌鲁木齐 831700

收稿日期:2014-04-17 修回日期:2014-05-29 出版日期:2014-11-25 发布日期:2014-12-04
通讯作者: 李凯
基金资助:
北京高等学校"青年英才计划""普氏野马寄生胃蝇侵袭特性研究"(YETP0771);国家林业局年度项目"普氏野马野放年度监测"(林分2012-37).

Analysis of the Main Etiology of Gasterophilosis in Przewalski's Horse in Xinjiang

Wang Wenting¹, Zhang Dong¹, Hu Defu¹, Chu Hongjun², Cao Jie³, Ge Yan², Aierken Jilili³, Li Kai¹

1. College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083;
2. Altar Forestry Bureau of Xinjiang Altay 836599;
3. Xinjiang Research Center for Breeding Przewalski's Horse Urumqi 831700

Received:2014-04-17 Revised:2014-05-29 Online:2014-11-25 Published:2014-12-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

马胃蝇蛆病在中国新疆地区马科动物中广泛流行,其中的病原体——黑腹胃蝇的感染比例最高.对该地区感染普氏野马、蒙古野驴和当地家马的黑腹胃蝇195条线粒体COI基因序列进行分析,得到了57个单倍型; 采用邻接法(NJ) 构建单倍型之间的系统发育树显示存在6个遗传分化程度较大的簇.结果表明: 1) 感染3种宿主的黑腹胃蝇单倍型多样性均很高,说明感染同一宿主个体的黑腹胃蝇来自多个母本; 2) 感染3种宿主的黑腹胃蝇遗传分化程度较低,其中感染野马和野驴的黑腹胃蝇群体基因交流最频繁,说明放归普氏野马种群每年重复感染的黑腹胃蝇主要源自同域野驴; 3) 当地黑腹胃蝇传播期较为滞后,其传播盛期发生在家马离开以后.

关键词: 普氏野马, 蒙古野驴, 感染, 黑腹胃蝇, COI基因, 种群遗传结构

Abstract:

Gasterophilosis is a significant threat to equids in the desert steppe of Xinjiang, China, where Gasterophilus pecorum (Diptera: Gasterophilidae) is the dominant botfly species. A population analysis was conducted on 195 individual G. pecorum larvae collected from three host species, the Przewalski's horse, the domestic horse and the Asiatic wild ass. The sequence of the maternally inherited mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene in the 195 G. pecorum larvae was analyzed to assess the population differentiation of G. pecorum, and 57 haplotypes was obtained. High haplotype diversity was observed among G. pecorum populations from all host species, indicating that the G. pecorum infecting one host had multiple maternal ancestors. By using the neighbor joining method, a phylogenetic tree was constructed and consisted of six clades, suggesting a high degree of genetic differentiation. The G. pecorum infecting the three hosts had a low degree of genetic differentiation, and the G. pecorum populations infecting Przewalski's horse and wild ass had the most frequent gene exchanges, indicating that G. pecorum infecting Przewalski's horse were mainly transmitted from the Asiatic wild ass. The infectious period of G. pecorum lagged and the infection prosperous period occurred after the domestic horses left. The study revealed the etiology and the prime of the Gasterophilus infection in Xinjiang, and had important implications for further study of this parasite as well as for the management and conservation of Przewalski's horse.

Key words: Przewalski's horse (Equus przewalskii), Asiatic wild ass (E. hemionus), infect, Gasterophilus pecorum, COI, population genetic structure

中图分类号:

S718.65

王文婷, 张东, 胡德夫, 初红军, 曹杰, 葛炎, 艾尔肯·吉力力, 李凯. 新疆普氏野马马胃蝇蛆病主要病原体黑腹胃蝇溯源[J]. 林业科学, 2014, 50(11): 90-95.

Wang Wenting, Zhang Dong, Hu Defu, Chu Hongjun, Cao Jie, Ge Yan, Aierken Jilili, Li Kai. Analysis of the Main Etiology of Gasterophilosis in Przewalski's Horse in Xinjiang[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(11): 90-95.

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新疆普氏野马马胃蝇蛆病主要病原体黑腹胃蝇溯源

Analysis of the Main Etiology of Gasterophilosis in Przewalski's Horse in Xinjiang

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