关键词: 森林景观, 格局, 人类活动, 采伐, 道路, 景观过程, 模型, 政策

Abstract:

The anthropogenic activities changing forest landscape was classified into two types: land use and forest management. Land use change includes urbanization and agriculture, which usually change forest landscape to non_forest landscape. Forest management occurred within forest landscape mainly consist of timber harvest and road construction. Timber harvest effects forest landscape pattern and habitat pattern. The former focus on the relationship between harvest parameter and pattern structure characteristics and the latter emphasis on the harvest pattern planning from the view of habitat conservation. Roads change landscape pattern and processes, it focus on the relationship between road nets and pattern feature, the special rule across variety of spatial scale and the processes change under road nets affect, but the research on road ecology does not draw enough attention. We point the questions and the future trends in this issue: 1) Quantifying spatial pattern of anthropogenic activities is very important for this issue, nevertheless, in China, the little research blocked the further progresses; 2) The models develop more rapidly. Foreign research developed the plentiful model from the non-spatial model on the late 1980's to the spatial explicit model and modeled the long-term dynamic of forest landscape pattern successfully. In present, the focus is establishment and application of modern,sensitivity analysis of model and validation of simulation result; 3) Pattern research is deepening into process, including both hot points of landscape pattern—wild animal habitat relationship and landscape pattern—hydrological process, the former emphasizes on the relationship between animal movement and landscape pattern and the latter does on the hydrological response to the changing vegetation; 4) More attention is paid to driving force of anthropogenic policy and the change direction and velocity under alternative economic and social policy is useful for government to make decision.

Key words: forest landscape, pattern, anthropogenic activity, harvest, roads, landscape process, model, policy