关键词: 黄土高原, 油松林, 枯枝落叶层, 水土保持功能

Abstract:

In order to expound the role of litter in controlling soil and water loss,the soil and water conservation functions of litter in Chinese pine stand have been studied,using the method of location monitor combined with simulation experiment.The results of the studies showed that the average interception rate of the litter is 12.4%,it's retarding effect on runoff is related to litter thickness,slope and runoff depth.The mathematical equation between them is ΔT=13.490·l^0.245·α^-0.200·q^-0.186,the annual soil evaporation restrained by litter of 2 cm in thickness is 138.6mm,and the litter of 1.5 cm in thickness can decrease the splash erosion by 97.5% and increase soil antiscourability by 96.7%.Compared with the bare slope,the physical and chemical properties of soil covered with litter are improved obviously.All these provide the scientific basis for the rational management of forest and the estabishment of the optimal structure of stand.

Key words: Loess plateau, Chinese Pine stand, Litter, Soil and water conservation function