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林业科学 ›› 2002, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 15-23.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20020103

• 论文及研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

地带性木本植物群落功能型的水热分布格局

王国宏   

  1. 中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态学开放研究实验室,北京100093
  • 收稿日期:2001-09-02 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2002-01-25 发布日期:2002-01-25

PLANT FUNCTIONAL TYPES OF ZONAL WOODY PLANT COMMUNITIES IN RELATION TO HYDROTHERMIC FACTORS

Wang Guohong   

  1. Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100093 China
  • Received:2001-09-02 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2002-01-25 Published:2002-01-25

摘要:

植物功能型是对环境条件做出相似的反应和对关键生态学过程具有相似影响的植物组合。不同功能型植物对生态系统过程的作用不同,通过植物功能型的分析对揭示生态系统功能至关重要。甘肃省境内5种地带性木本植物群落(亚热带常绿落叶阔叶林、暖温带落叶阔叶林、温带针阔混交林、寒温性针叶林和荒漠旱生灌木群落)依据植物体的高度、叶片的生长对策及果实类型可划分出23种功能型。其分布格局与水热因子的相关分析表明:1)湿热的生境利于乔木、大灌木、藤木、寄生植物和常绿植物及翅果、坚果、核果、蓇葖果、颖果类植物的发育,干冷生境利于灌木、小灌木和落叶植物以及蒴果类植物的发育。2 )干果类和肉果类的成因可能与植物生长环境中水分供应状况密切相关,即潮湿的生境利于肉果类植物的发育,干旱的生境有利于干果类(如胞果)的发育。3)研究区域地带性木本植物群落物种丰富度和功能型的丰富度格局主要受制于水分梯度影响,而良好的水热组合可孕育木本植物群落最丰富的果实类型。

关键词: 植物功能型, 地带性木本植物群落, 水热因子

Abstract:

Plant functional types can be defined as sets of plants exhibiting similar responses to environmental variations and having similar effects on the dominant processes in ecosystems. In the present paper, 23 plant functional types were identified from five zonal woody plant communities occurred in Gansu province, NW of China. This paper has made some explorations on the relationship between the patterns of zonal woody plant functional types and the hydrothermic factors to which they subjected. Some conclusions are as follows: Environments with warm humid combinations would result in well developed plant communities characterized by arbor, big shrubs, lianas and parasites as the dominant life forms and key fruit, nut, drupe, follicle, caryopsis as the dominant fruit types, while dry cold habitats are always correspond to those with shrubs, small shrubs and deciduous trees as well as capsule as the dominant life forms and fruit types. The trade off of species relative richness between dry fruit and sarcocarp in a given plant community may be strongly influenced by the humidity level in plant's growing seasons. In addition, plants of cone fruit types are specially favored by wet cold habitats. A precipitation gradient is one of the decisive factors shaping the patterns of both species richness and richness of plant function types (in terms of plant stature and fruit types) among these five zonal woody plant communities in the study area, while environments with optimal hydrothermic combinations would lead to the highest diversity of fruits types.

Key words: Plant functional types, Zonal woody plant community, Hydrothermic factors