林业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (2): 49-61.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20210206
彭金根1,2,姜雪茹2,3,谢利娟1,刘燕2,*
收稿日期:
2019-02-01
出版日期:
2021-02-25
发布日期:
2021-03-29
通讯作者:
刘燕
基金资助:
Jingen Peng1,2,Xueru Jiang2,3,Lijuan Xie1,Yan Liu2,*
Received:
2019-02-01
Online:
2021-02-25
Published:
2021-03-29
Contact:
Yan Liu
摘要:
目的: 研究3个小叶黄杨品种越冬叶片呈色及其温光影响因子,探索决定小叶黄杨冬季叶片变红的温光临界值,为北方冬季常绿阔叶植物应用和绿色景观提升提供理论依据。方法: 2011—2013年连续2个越冬返青时期(第1年10月—次年3月)对3个小叶黄杨品种种植地的温度和5种不同遮光处理下叶片的光照条件进行实时监测,并对同时期叶片呈红指数和叶片解剖结构进行动态观测,通过相关性分析和线性拟合,探讨种植地温光环境与小叶黄杨越冬叶片呈色之间的关系。结果: 3个小叶黄杨品种越冬返青具有不同呈色表现,其中‘绿美’保绿效果最好,‘阳光’变红程度中等但返青最晚,‘冬绿’越冬变红严重但返青最早;3个品种越冬叶片变红与温度变化直接相关,且叶片近轴侧变红的临界温度均较远轴侧更低。其中‘绿美’叶片变红临界温度最低(近轴侧0.67~1.55℃,远轴侧5.25~7.68℃),‘阳光’和‘冬绿’近轴侧和远轴侧表现具有差异,其中‘阳光’近轴侧为4.33~6.42℃,远轴侧为8.43~9.41℃,而‘冬绿’近轴侧为4.16~4.98℃,远轴侧为9.41~10.23℃;3个品种叶片呈红指数RI均随着光照强度的下降而降低。结论: 3个小叶黄杨品种冬季变红程度由高到低依次为‘冬绿’、‘阳光’和‘绿美’,对3个品种叶片变红的温、光因子进行量化,其叶片冬季变红程度与临界温度值呈正相关,3个品种叶片呈红指数RI值随着光照强度的降低而降低,表明越冬期间小叶黄杨叶片变红与冬季的低温和相对高光的相互作用密切相关,3个品种的阳生叶越冬期间呈色表现不同,反映出它们在低温和相对高光双重胁迫环境下的耐受性及敏感程度存在差异。在北方园林应用时,小叶黄杨适宜种植在庇荫环境下,有利于其冬季维持较好的绿色景观。
中图分类号:
彭金根,姜雪茹,谢利娟,刘燕. 小叶黄杨越冬叶片呈色及其温光影响因子[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(2): 49-61.
Jingen Peng,Xueru Jiang,Lijuan Xie,Yan Liu. Influence of Temperature and Light on Leaf Coloration of Buxus microphylla During Overwintering[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(2): 49-61.
表1
越冬返青期间3个小叶黄杨品种叶片呈红指数(RI)值①"
品种 Cultivars | 处理 Treatments | 呈红指数Redness index (RI) | ||||||||||
100% SUL | 50%~60% SSUL | 30%~40% SSUL | 1%~10% SHL | |||||||||
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | |||||
2011-10-23 | 0.335±0.004 | 0.355±0.017 | 0.334±0.010 | 0.355±0.007 | 0.334±0.011 | 0.354±0.006 | 0.326±0.016 | 0.348±0.011 | ||||
2011-11-23 | 0.345±0.009 | 0.366±0.011 | 0.344±0.013 | 0.362±0.007 | 0.341±0.011 | 0.364±0.010 | 0.328±0.007 | 0.355±0.012 | ||||
‘绿美’ | 2011-12-23 | 0.355±0.017 | 0.375±0.012 | 0.349±0.011 | 0.367±0.007 | 0.346±0.010 | 0.367±0.012 | 0.331±0.013 | 0.359±0.02 | |||
‘Greenbeauty’ | 2012-01-28 | 0.357±0.015 | 0.382±0.010 | 0.351±0.012 | 0.375±0.013 | 0.347±0.010 | 0.370±0.010 | 0.332±0.009 | 0.359±0.018 | |||
2012-02-23 | 0.355±0.008 | 0.381±0.008 | 0.349±0.011 | 0.374±0.011 | 0.344±0.011 | 0.371±0.010 | 0.331±0.009 | 0.358±0.014 | ||||
2012-03-23 | 0.345±0.012 | 0.372±0.012 | 0.342±0.011 | 0.364±0.010 | 0.340±0.011 | 0.361±0.011 | 0.330±0.009 | 0.359±0.009 | ||||
2011-10-23 | 0.313±0.012 | 0.361±0.015 | 0.310±0.015 | 0.358±0.012 | 0.310±0.012 | 0.357±0.009 | 0.305±0.007 | 0.340±0.013 | ||||
2011-11-23 | 0.361±0.012 | 0.385±0.013 | 0.332±0.010 | 0.376±0.012 | 0.330±0.013 | 0.366±0.012 | 0.313±0.015 | 0.345±0.010 | ||||
‘阳光’ | 2011-12-23 | 0.373±0.011 | 0.396±0.012 | 0.363±0.013 | 0.379±0.016 | 0.356±0.006 | 0.371±0.006 | 0.317±0.013 | 0.350±0.012 | |||
‘Sunnyside’ | 2012-01-28 | 0.377±0.015 | 0.398±0.021 | 0.365±0.012 | 0.387±0.011 | 0.360±0.010 | 0.376±0.008 | 0.321±0.012 | 0.352±0.013 | |||
2012-02-23 | 0.373±0.008 | 0.395±0.013 | 0.356±0.013 | 0.384±0.013 | 0.352±0.015 | 0.363±0.014 | 0.320±0.008 | 0.351±0.015 | ||||
2012-03-23 | 0.349±0.013 | 0.367±0.016 | 0.342±0.016 | 0.360±0.011 | 0.337±0.009 | 0.355±0.014 | 0.320±0.015 | 0.350±0.012 | ||||
2011-10-23 | 0.321±0.010 | 0.364±0.015 | 0.320±0.005 | 0.363±0.009 | 0.320±0.008 | 0.361±0.008 | 0.316±0.015 | 0.343±0.009 | ||||
2011-11-23 | 0.360±0.008 | 0.392±0.018 | 0.351±0.012 | 0.385±0.009 | 0.349±0.010 | 0.376±0.011 | 0.330±0.009 | 0.350±0.017 | ||||
‘冬绿’ | 2011-12-23 | 0.372±0.011 | 0.399±0.013 | 0.360±0.007 | 0.393±0.012 | 0.353±0.015 | 0.378±0.007 | 0.333±0.018 | 0.355±0.016 | |||
‘Wintergreen’ | 2012-01-28 | 0.377±0.008 | 0.400±0.012 | 0.370±0.020 | 0.392±0.007 | 0.363±0.007 | 0.379±0.007 | 0.333±0.014 | 0.356±0.010 | |||
2012-02-23 | 0.377±0.010 | 0.393±0.012 | 0.370±0.010 | 0.391±0.008 | 0.362±0.012 | 0.376±0.013 | 0.333±0.009 | 0.355±0.007 | ||||
2012-03-23 | 0.335±0.008 | 0.368±0.010 | 0.333±0.009 | 0.363±0.011 | 0.331±0.009 | 0.357±0.010 | 0.327±0.012 | 0.355±0.010 |
表2
越冬返青期间3个小叶黄杨品种叶片呈红指数(RI)值"
品种 Cultivars | 处理 Treatments | 呈红指数Redness index (RI) | |||||||||||||
100% SUL | 50%~60% SSUL | 30%~40% SSUL | 10%~20% SSHL | 1%~10% SHL | |||||||||||
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | ||||||
2012-10-26 | 0.334±0.008 | 0.355±0.011 | 0.334±0.006 | 0.354±0.008 | 0.333±0.014 | 0.353±0.012 | 0.332±0.007 | 0.353±0.015 | 0.330±0.009 | 0.351±0.008 | |||||
2012-11-23 | 0.345±0.007 | 0.378±0.008 | 0.341±0.006 | 0.373±0.012 | 0.337±0.013 | 0.364±0.011 | 0.333±0.011 | 0.359±0.010 | 0.332±0.015 | 0.354±0.009 | |||||
‘绿美’ | 2012-12-23 | 0.358±0.020 | 0.381±0.010 | 0.347±0.007 | 0.375±0.006 | 0.344±0.011 | 0.367±0.006 | 0.336±0.010 | 0.361±0.014 | 0.332±0.012 | 0.357±0.011 | ||||
‘Greenbeauty’ | 2013-01-22 | 0.358±0.016 | 0.384±0.006 | 0.350±0.013 | 0.379±0.015 | 0.345±0.011 | 0.369±0.011 | 0.335±0.011 | 0.362±0.010 | 0.333±0.006 | 0.357±0.011 | ||||
2013-02-23 | 0.353±0.014 | 0.382±0.009 | 0.346±0.011 | 0.373±0.008 | 0.341±0.007 | 0.367±0.016 | 0.334±0.007 | 0.361±0.009 | 0.332±0.010 | 0.358±0.004 | |||||
2013-03-24 | 0.345±0.007 | 0.362±0.009 | 0.338±0.010 | 0.361±0.014 | 0.334±0.007 | 0.360±0.011 | 0.333±0.009 | 0.359±0.012 | 0.331±0.006 | 0.357±0.007 | |||||
2012-10-26 | 0.341±0.007 | 0.363±0.015 | 0.341±0.006 | 0.362±0.006 | 0.339±0.008 | 0.361±0.015 | 0.338±0.016 | 0.360±0.007 | 0.331±0.010 | 0.357±0.007 | |||||
2012-11-23 | 0.367±0.015 | 0.388±0.007 | 0.354±0.008 | 0.384±0.012 | 0.350±0.008 | 0.380±0.016 | 0.343±0.014 | 0.374±0.009 | 0.335±0.010 | 0.358±0.008 | |||||
‘阳光’ | 2012-12-23 | 0.380±0.007 | 0.398±0.011 | 0.362±0.007 | 0.391±0.004 | 0.355±0.006 | 0.384±0.013 | 0.343±0.017 | 0.380±0.009 | 0.335±0.011 | 0.359±0.008 | ||||
‘Sunnyside’ | 2013-01-22 | 0.376±0.011 | 0.400±0.004 | 0.365±0.007 | 0.393±0.010 | 0.352±0.007 | 0.385±0.008 | 0.341±0.006 | 0.378±0.010 | 0.334±0.013 | 0.361±0.012 | ||||
2013-02-23 | 0.37±0.011 | 0.396±0.007 | 0.355±0.015 | 0.390±0.007 | 0.348±0.009 | 0.380±0.007 | 0.340±0.016 | 0.373±0.010 | 0.333±0.010 | 0.360±0.003 | |||||
2013-03-24 | 0.349±0.011 | 0.368±0.010 | 0.338±0.011 | 0.366±0.012 | 0.332±0.007 | 0.360±0.015 | 0.333±0.012 | 0.359±0.009 | 0.333±0.014 | 0.359±0.008 | |||||
2012-10-26 | 0.335±0.011 | 0.364±0.008 | 0.334±0.012 | 0.363±0.012 | 0.334±0.011 | 0.363±0.006 | 0.332±0.010 | 0.363±0.014 | 0.329±0.007 | 0.351±0.011 | |||||
2012-11-23 | 0.358±0.010 | 0.395±0.010 | 0.350±0.012 | 0.392±0.008 | 0.344±0.010 | 0.388±0.017 | 0.342±0.012 | 0.370±0.011 | 0.331±0.006 | 0.351±0.010 | |||||
‘冬绿’ | 2012-12-23 | 0.374±0.003 | 0.403±0.015 | 0.365±0.012 | 0.401±0.006 | 0.357±0.008 | 0.389±0.009 | 0.350±0.011 | 0.380±0.010 | 0.334±0.011 | 0.354±0.011 | ||||
‘Wintergreen’ | 2013-01-22 | 0.380±0.011 | 0.406±0.014 | 0.372±0.007 | 0.400±0.009 | 0.360±0.012 | 0.390±0.006 | 0.351±0.010 | 0.378±0.014 | 0.336±0.009 | 0.359±0.012 | ||||
2013-02-23 | 0.379±0.013 | 0.399±0.009 | 0.371±0.009 | 0.395±0.011 | 0.360±0.007 | 0.382±0.008 | 0.350±0.011 | 0.375±0.009 | 0.333±0.010 | 0.358±0.011 | |||||
2013-03-24 | 0.347±0.015 | 0.373±0.009 | 0.344±0.006 | 0.359±0.005 | 0.341±0.009 | 0.358±0.010 | 0.332±0.010 | 0.356±0.014 | 0.329±0.009 | 0.356±0.014 |
表3
3个小叶黄杨品种叶片呈红指数RI与采样前5日均温线性回归相关系数(R2)①"
观测年份 Year | 处理 Treatments | 100% SUL | 50%~60% SSUL | 30%~40% SSUL | 10%~20% SSUL | 1%~10% SHL | |||||
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | ||
2011—2012 | ‘绿美’‘Greenbeauty’ | 0.907*** | 0.926*** | 0.958*** | 0.785*** | 0.979*** | 0.727*** | — | — | 0.741*** | 0.700*** |
‘阳光’‘Sunnyside’ | 0.947*** | 0.902*** | 0.852*** | 0.841*** | 0.870*** | 0.745*** | — | — | 0.580** | 0.701*** | |
‘冬绿’‘Wintergreen’ | 0.899*** | 0.887*** | 0.879*** | 0.805*** | 0.888*** | 0.719*** | — | — | 0.901*** | 0.671** | |
2012—2013 | ‘绿美’‘Greenbeauty’ | 0.963*** | 0.854*** | 0.904*** | 0.849*** | 0.863*** | 0.917*** | 0.910*** | 0.906*** | 0.833*** | 0.591** |
‘阳光’‘Sunnyside’ | 0.935*** | 0.882*** | 0.785*** | 0.863*** | 0.593** | 0.765*** | 0.354* | 0.799*** | 0.570** | 0.573** | |
‘冬绿’‘Wintergreen’ | 0.889*** | 0.884*** | 0.852*** | 0.766*** | 0.865*** | 0.658** | 0.853*** | 0.715*** | 0.772*** | 0.378* |
表4
3个小叶黄杨品种叶片呈红指数RI与采样前5日平均太阳辐射线性回归相关系数(R2)"
观测年份 Year | 处理 Treatments | 100% SUL | 50%~60% SSUL | 30%~40% SSUL | 10%~20% SSUL | 1%~10% SHL | |||||
Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | ||
2011—2012 | ‘绿美’‘Green beauty’ | 0.037 | 0.064 | 0.040 | 0.196 | 0.020 | 0.276 | — | — | 0.188 | 0.266 |
‘阳光’‘Sunnyside’ | 0.031 | 0.013 | 0.072 | 0.007 | 0.072 | 0.112 | — | — | 0.444* | 0.284 | |
‘冬绿’‘Wintergreen’ | 0.001 | 0.051 | 0.004 | 0.070 | 0.005 | 0.144 | — | — | 0.040 | 0.304 | |
2012—2013 | ‘绿美’‘Green beauty’ | 0.301 | 0.430* | 0.336* | 0.511** | 0.469* | 0.298 | 0.409* | 0.201 | 0.524* | 0.000 |
‘阳光’‘Sunnyside’ | 0.551** | 0.485* | 0.706*** | 0.480* | 0.779*** | 0.635** | 0.719*** | 0.722*** | 0.630** | 0.033 | |
‘冬绿’‘Wintergreen’ | 0.671** | 0.507** | 0.229 | 0.609** | 0.212 | 0.729*** | 0.449* | 0.591** | 0.435* | 0.002 |
表5
影响小叶黄杨越冬叶片变红的临界日均温分析①"
观测年份 Year | 处理 Treatments | ‘绿美’ ‘Greenbeauty’ | ‘阳光’ ‘Sunnyside’ | ‘冬绿’ ‘Wintergreen’ | |||||
回归方程 Regression equation | 变红临界值 Red critical value | 回归方程 Regression equation | 变红临界值 Red critical value | 回归方程 Regression equation | 变红临界值 Red critical value | ||||
2011—2012 | 100% SUL-叶片近轴侧Leaf adaxial side | y=-698.25x + 245.94 | 1.55 | y=-249.82x + 91.771 | 4.33 | y=-248x + 90.958 | 4.16 | ||
100% SUL-叶片远轴侧Leaf abanial side | y=-586.9x + 221.9 | 7.68 | y=-372.62x + 145.42 | 9.41 | y=-373.96x + 146.73 | 10.23 | |||
2012—2013 | 100% SUL-叶片近轴侧Leaf adaxial side | y=-647.26x + 227.21 | 0.67 | y=-368.24x + 135.3 | 6.42 | y=-304.54x + 111.57 | 4.98 | ||
100% SUL-叶片远轴侧Leaf abanial side | y=-226.7x + 93.766 | 5.25 | y=-138.35x + 63.259 | 8.43 | y=-162.44x + 72.42 | 9.41 |
表6
影响小叶黄杨越冬叶片变红的临界前5日平均太阳辐射分析"
观测年份 Year | 处理 Treatments | ‘绿美’ ‘Greenbeauty’ | ‘阳光’ ‘Sunnyside’ | ‘冬绿’ ‘Wintergreen’ | |||||
回归方程 Regression equation | 变红临界值 Red critical value | 回归方程 Regression equation | 变红临界值 Red critical value | 回归方程 Regression equation | 变红临界值 Red critical value | ||||
2011—2012 | 100% SUL-叶片近轴侧Leaf adaxial side | y=40.858x - 4.242 6 | 10.06 | y=12.92x + 5.385 3 | 9.91 | y=-1.681 1x + 10.605 | 10.02 | ||
100% SUL-叶片远轴侧Leaf abanial side | y=44.499x - 6.634 4 | 9.61 | y=-12.715x + 14.884 | 10.24 | y=-25.695x + 19.919 | 10.54 | |||
2012—2013 | 100% SUL-叶片近轴侧Leaf adaxial side | y=-146.63x + 59.855 | 8.53 | y=-114.59x + 50.372 | 10.27 | y=-157.36x + 65.14 | 10.06 | ||
100% SUL-叶片远轴侧Leaf abanial side | y=-130.16x + 57.316 | 9.81 | y=-104.11x + 48.813 | 10.81 | y=-98.924x + 47.268 | 11.16 |
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