Abstract: The present paper describes two new species of sawflies from China. Acantholyda piceacola causes seriously injurious to Picea crassifolia in Gansu Province and Trichiocampus cannabis to Cannabis sativa in Anhui Province. All the type specimensare deposited in the insect collection of the Forest Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Forestry.1. Acantholyda piceacola Xiao et Zhou n. sp.The new species is closely related to Acantholyda hieroglyphica Christ., but can be easily separated from the latter by most of mesoscutellum black; only coxae, trochanters and outer sides of femura with black spots; wing vein blackish brown; abdomen in male reddish yellow except for black tergite Ⅰ and Ⅱ; in female brownish yellow except for tergite the hind edges of tergites Ⅶ and Ⅷ which are black.Holotype ♀, Gansu: Zhangye, 24. Ⅵ. 1985, Chang Gui jun leg. Allotype♂, same as for holotype. Paratypes 8 ♀ ♀, 4 ♂♂, sameas for holotype.2. Trichiocampus cannabis Xiao et Huang n. sp.The new species is related to Trichiocampus viminalis (Fallen), but is differentfrom the latter by the following characters: antennae, wing veins, first abdominal tergite, black; costa, stigma brownish black; lancet with about 17 annuli.Holotype ♀, Anhui: Luan, 24. Ⅳ. 1979, Wang Ting kui leg. Allotype♂, same as for holotype. Paratypes 5♂♂, 7♀♀, same as for holotype.