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›› 1986, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (3): 280-290.

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树木的无性繁殖与无性系育种

朱之悌   

  1. 北京林业大学
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1986-08-25 发布日期:1986-08-25

VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION AND CLONAL BREEDING OF FOREST TREES

Zhu Zhiti   

  1. Beijing Forestry University
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1986-08-25 Published:1986-08-25

摘要: 七十年代以来树木的无性繁殖应用在林木遗传改良上取得了很大的进展,开阔了无性系林业的新阶段。林木良种生产取无性系改良途径,不仅方式简便、迅速、灵活,而且增益更为直接和显著。能够无性繁殖的树种,走无性系改良的途径,决不再搞种子园,这已成为当前发展趋势。本文系统地综述了无性繁殖在林木遗传改良上的地位和作用,同时对无性系改良和无性系造林中应注意的问题,也进行了扼要的评述。

Abstract: Vegetative propagation, as one of the methods for forest tree propagation, has been well known and widely used for almost several centuries, but it is just recently that it has been used in tree improvement procedure for carrying out clonal breeding and clonal afforestation. This paper systematically reviewed its various roles as played in tree improvement works: (1) for preservation of the super genotypes; (2) for establishment of clonal seed orchards; (3) for mass propagation of select clones (plus trees, seedlings, and hybrids); (4) for clonal test and selection of best clones; (5) for screening of seed parents for breeding values; (6) for estimating genetic parameters; (7) for physiological studies and other potentialities of trees.If vegetative propagation is used in clonal breeding, there are some problems which should be considered with caution, such as (1) juvenility and uniformity are two basic criteria for the initial material of vegetative propagation of plus trees in clonal breeding; (2) successive rejuvenation is required to keep the propagated materials in a constant juvenile state; (3) to test the clones in planting application and to select them in the test are the reasonable procedure for clonal breeding; (4) planting of multiclones in plantation is desirable for widening genetic foundation; (5) use hybrid F1 clones in tree planting represents an attractive approach worthy to be practised in clonal breeding.