Abstract: The pathogen of anthracnose(Colletotrichum, sp.) on China fir has a strong saprophytic ability. Residue of tissues affected can provide the source of pathogen for a long time. The pathogen can directly invade host plants, besides wounds. From late spring to early summer when shoots of China fir are growing quickly, the infections reached to a greatest amount. In seriously affected stands, new shoots are approximately entirely attacked. Part of them appear symptoms in autumn, but most of the affected shoots are diseased in the next spring. The incubation period is more than ten months. Weak trees are more easily attacked while strong trees do not appear symptoms although the pathogens are in the tissue. Thus, the basical measures to control anthracnose on China fir are finding suitable place for planting and good care of growth. A determination of the duration of infection provides scientific basis for fungicidal application.