聚合物型土壤固结剂对土壤的固结性能及其在苗木移栽上的应用

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20220116

林业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (1): 151-161.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20220116

聚合物型土壤固结剂对土壤的固结性能及其在苗木移栽上的应用

王少丽¹,杨绪平²,雒超星³,熊正奇³,王少博⁴,宋盛菊⁵,刘丽丽³,李少锋^1,*

1. 林木遗传育种国家重点实验室中国林业科学研究院华北林业实验中心北京九龙山暖温带国家森林长期科研基地北京 100091
2. 中国林业科学研究院北京 100091
3. 黑龙江工程学院材料与化学工程学院哈尔滨 150050
4. 北京阳盛新材料科技有限公司北京 102299
5. 中国运载火箭技术研究院研究发展部北京 100076

收稿日期:2019-05-16 出版日期:2022-01-25 发布日期:2022-03-08
通讯作者: 李少锋
基金资助:
中国林业科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2017QA024);中国林业科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2020QD001)

Effects of Polymer Soil Consolidation Agent on Soil Consolidation Performance and Its Application in Seedling Transplantation

Shaoli Wang¹,Xuping Yang²,Chaoxing Luo³,Zhengqi Xiong³,Shaobo Wang⁴,Shengju Song⁵,Lili Liu³,Shaofeng Li^1,*

1. State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, CAF National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain in Beijing Beijing 100091
2. Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091
3. College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang Institute of Technology Harbin 150050
4. Beijing Yangsheng New Material Technology Co., Ltd Beijing 102299
5. R & D department, China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology Beijing 100076

Received:2019-05-16 Online:2022-01-25 Published:2022-03-08
Contact: Shaofeng Li

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 研究聚合物型土壤固结剂对土壤的固结性能与抗运输振荡性, 同时探索聚合物型土壤固结剂在苗木移栽上的应用技术, 以期能形成苗木移栽的新技术, 并将高分子聚合物的应用逐步扩展到造林绿化的生态环境工程中。方法: 以魔芋葡甘聚糖(KGM)和壳聚糖(CA)为主要原料, 以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为助剂, 通过共混的方法制备了聚合物型土壤固结剂。以华北地区的特色土壤褐土为研究对象, 利用模具将土壤制备成土柱样品, 将制备的聚合物型土壤固结剂均匀地喷涂在土柱表面, 土柱的表层形成一层坚硬的胶膜, 并采用2种不同的测试方法检验固结土柱在实际运输过程中的抗运输振荡性。最后, 以桑树幼苗、沙地柏幼苗和大叶黄杨为移栽对象, 将聚合物型土壤固结剂在苗木移栽上进行了应用探索。结果: 当共混型土壤固结剂的制备条件为醋酸溶液浓度20%、胶液pH值4.5、共混温度40 ℃, KGM、CA与PVA含量分别为4.5%、4.5%和6%时, 该配方的固结剂对土柱的固结效果最好, 固结土柱的抗运输震荡性能最佳。结论: 通过2种不同的抗运输振荡测试方法检验了固结土柱的抗运输震荡性, 发现制备的KGM/CA和KGM/CA/PVA共混型土壤固结剂满足了固结土球在苗木移栽中的要求; 通过将聚合物型土壤固结剂在桑树幼苗、沙地柏幼苗和大叶黄杨移栽过程中的初步应用, 发现该类共混型固结剂对壤土和砂质土壤均具有较好的固结效果。另外, 应用该类固结剂不仅使苗木的移栽过程变得快捷, 保证了移栽苗的成活率, 还对苗木的生长无不良影响。

关键词: 聚合物型土壤固结剂, 苗木移栽, 抗振荡性, 固结土球, 固结强度

Abstract:

Objective: In this paper, we investigated the soil consolidation performance and anti-vibration of polymer soil consolidation agent, and explored the application technology of polymer soil consolidation agent in seedling transplanting, by which this study aimed to form a new technology of seedling transplanting to gradually expand the application of polymer to the ecological environment engineering of afforestation and greening. Method: In this paper, konjac glucomannan (KGM) and chitosan (CA) were used as the main raw materials and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was used as assistant to prepare environmental-friendly soil consolidation agent through polymer blending technology. The characteristic soil in North China—cinnamon soil was taken as the research object, the soil was prepared into soil column samples by moulds, and the prepared binary blend KGM/CA soil consolidation agent was evenly spread on the soil column, and after drying, a hard film formed on the surface of the soil column. In order to test whether the compression resistance and the anti-vibration performance of consolidated soil columns can meet the requirements of seedling transplantation in the actual transportation process, two different test methods were used to simulate the transportation anti-vibration of consolidated soil column. Finally, the seedlings of mulberry, Sabina chinensis and Euonymus japonicus were as transplanting objects to explore the application of blending soil consolidation agent in seedling transplanting. Result: The results showed that when the concentration of acetic acid solution was 20%, the pH of the glue was 4.5, the blending temperature was 40 ℃ and the content of KGM, CA and PVA were 4.5%, 4.5% and 6.0% in the prepared of KGM/CA/PVA ternary blend adhesive, the formulation of consolidating agent had the best consolidation effect on soil column and the consolidated soil column had the best anti-vibration performance in transportation. Conclusion: By testing the anti-vibration of consolidated soil columns with two different test methods, it has been found that the prepared KGM/CA and KGM/CA/PVA blend soil consolidation agent meet the requirements of consolidated soil balls. Through the preliminary application of the blend soil consolidation agent in the transplanting process of mulberry seedlings, Sabina chinensis seedlings and Euonymus japonicus seedlings, it is found that the blend soil consolidation agent has good consolidation effect on loam and sandy soil. In addition, the application of this kind of consolidation agent not only makes the transplanting process of seedlings faster, and ensures the survival rate of transplanted seedlings, but also has no adverse effect on the growth of seedlings.

Key words: polymer soil consolidation agent, seedling transportation, anti-vibration performance, consolidated soil ball, consolidation strength

中图分类号:

S688

王少丽,杨绪平,雒超星,熊正奇,王少博,宋盛菊,刘丽丽,李少锋. 聚合物型土壤固结剂对土壤的固结性能及其在苗木移栽上的应用[J]. 林业科学, 2022, 58(1): 151-161.

Shaoli Wang,Xuping Yang,Chaoxing Luo,Zhengqi Xiong,Shaobo Wang,Shengju Song,Lili Liu,Shaofeng Li. Effects of Polymer Soil Consolidation Agent on Soil Consolidation Performance and Its Application in Seedling Transplantation[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(1): 151-161.

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样品编号 Sample No.	处理样品所用固结胶液主剂的制备条件 Preparation conditions of the main agent of consolidation glue used for sample treatment	样品初始质量 Initial mass of sample/g
样品Sample 1	对照，未用胶液固结 Control, unused glue consolidation	166
样品Sample 2	30 ℃；KGM, CA, PVA (4.5%, 4.5%, 3%)；pH 4.5	162
样品Sample 3	50 ℃；KGM, CA, PVA(4.5%, 4.5%, 3%)；pH 4.5	154
样品Sample 4	60 ℃；KGM, CA, PVA(4.5%, 4.5%, 3%)；pH 4.5	156
样品Sample 5	85 ℃；KGM, CA, PVA(4.5%, 4.5%, 3%)；pH 4.5	162
样品Sample 6	40 ℃；KGM, CA, PVA(4.5%, 4.5%, 6%)；pH 4.5	170

样品编号 Sample No.	试验1土柱质量的减少量 Experiment 1 reduction of soil column mass/g	占比 Proportion (%)	试验5土柱质量的减少量 Experiment 5 Reduction of soil column mass/g	占比 Proportion (%)	试验6土柱质量的减少量 Experiment 6 Reduction of soil column mass/g	占比 Proportion(%)
样品Sample 1	0	0	16	9.6	26	17.3
样品Sample 2	0	0	6	3.7	8	5.1
样品Sample 3	0	0	7	4.5	17	11.6
样品Sample 4	1	0.6	11	7.1	9	6.3
样品Sample 5	0	0	10	6.2	13	8.6
样品Sample 6	1	0.6	3	1.8	5	3.0

聚合物型土壤固结剂对土壤的固结性能及其在苗木移栽上的应用

Effects of Polymer Soil Consolidation Agent on Soil Consolidation Performance and Its Application in Seedling Transplantation

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