林业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (12): 39-48.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20201205
王凯1,宋琪1,张日升2,张大鹏1,孙菊3
收稿日期:
2019-11-21
出版日期:
2020-12-25
发布日期:
2021-01-22
基金资助:
Kai Wang1,Qi Song1,Risheng Zhang2,Dapeng Zhang1,Ju Sun3
Received:
2019-11-21
Online:
2020-12-25
Published:
2021-01-22
摘要:
目的: 研究科尔沁沙地防护林主要树种的非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)的分配规律,阐明不同树种的NSC分配格局,以期为该地区树种选择提供参考。方法: 以科尔沁沙地防护林主要树种(油松、赤松、樟子松、白榆和小钻杨)为研究对象,测定不同器官(叶、枝、干和根)中的可溶性糖和淀粉含量(二者之和为NSC含量)。采用两因素方差法分析树种和器官及其交互作用对NSC影响,运用单因素方差法分析不同树种及器官间的可溶性糖、淀粉和NSC含量的差异以及叶龄和枝龄对针叶树(油松、赤松和樟子松)NSC分布的影响。结果: 5个树种间的叶NSC含量无显著差异。可溶性糖含量在枝和根中为针叶树显著高于阔叶树(白榆和小钻杨),在树干中为针叶树低于阔叶树。淀粉含量在叶和枝中为白榆显著高于其他树种,在根中为阔叶树显著高于针叶树。5个树种的可溶性糖及NSC含量均为叶和枝显著高于干和根;淀粉含量对油松和赤松为干中较高,对樟子松、白榆和小钻杨为叶中较高。针叶树不同叶龄间,可溶性糖及NSC含量对油松和赤松为2年显著高于当年及1年生叶,对樟子松为1年显著高于当年及2年生叶;淀粉含量对油松和赤松为1年生叶中最低,对樟子松为1年生叶中最高。不同枝龄间,油松和赤松的可溶性糖、淀粉及NSC含量随枝龄增加而降低,樟子松的可溶性糖含量为1年显著低于2年生枝。结论: 科尔沁沙地防护林主要树种NSC含量相对较低。可溶性糖遵循就近分配原则,而淀粉在不同树种各器官中分配格局不同。针叶树的NSC分配利于根系吸收水分,阔叶树的则利于水分长距离运输。不同叶龄间,NSC主要分布对樟子松在1年生叶,对油松和赤松在2年生叶。不同枝龄间NSC主要分布,油松和赤松随枝龄增加而降低,樟子松为1年生枝分配较少。
中图分类号:
王凯,宋琪,张日升,张大鹏,孙菊. 科尔沁沙地防护林主要树种的非结构性碳水化合物分布特征[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(12): 39-48.
Kai Wang,Qi Song,Risheng Zhang,Dapeng Zhang,Ju Sun. Distribution Characteristics of Non-Structural Carbohydrate in Main Tree Species of Shelterbelt Forests in Horqin Sandy Land[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(12): 39-48.
表1
样地概况"
生活型 Life form | 样地 Plot | 林龄 Stand age/a | 密度 Stand density/ (tree·hm-2) | 平均树高 Mean height/ m | 平均胸径 Mean DBH/ cm | 土壤含水量 Soil water content (%) | 有机质含量 Soil organic matter content/ (g·kg-1) | 全氮含量 Soil total nitrogen content/ (mg·kg-1) | 全磷含量 Soil total phosphorus content/ (mg·kg-1) |
常绿针叶 Evergreen coniferous | 油松 Pinus tabulaeformis | 40 | 890 | 7.90 | 15.53 | 8.09 | 10.45 | 551 | 41.57 |
赤松 Pinus densiflora | 40 | 420 | 10.39 | 19.93 | 6.76 | 8.44 | 450 | 40.58 | |
樟子松 Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica | 40 | 310 | 9.50 | 19.95 | 4.89 | 6.52 | 377 | 31.41 | |
落叶阔叶 Deciduous broadleaved | 白榆 Ulmus pumila | 35 | 1 100 | 12.50 | 14.30 | 13.04 | 25.30 | 1 260 | 32.58 |
小钻杨 Populus × xiaozhuanica | 18 | 833 | 11.88 | 14.18 | 8.22 | 7.58 | 425 | 36.26 |
表2
科尔沁沙地主要树种不同器官间NSC含量①"
非结构性碳水化合物 Non-structural carbohydrate | 器官 Organs | 均值 Mean/(mg·g-1) | 标准差 Standard deviation/(mg·g-1) | 变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%) |
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar | 叶 Leaf | 54.51a | 5.34 | 9.80 |
枝 Branch | 43.23b | 10.71 | 24.77 | |
干 Trunk | 11.14d | 5.93 | 53.28 | |
根 Root | 19.96c | 8.14 | 40.76 | |
淀粉 Starch | 叶Leaf | 19.18a | 7.45 | 38.88 |
枝 Branch | 16.51ab | 6.45 | 39.09 | |
干 Trunk | 14.33bc | 2.92 | 20.38 | |
根 Root | 12.05c | 7.68 | 63.72 | |
非结构性碳水化合物 NSC | 叶 Leaf | 73.69a | 3.11 | 4.22 |
枝 Branch | 59.74b | 9.78 | 16.36 | |
干 Trunk | 25.46d | 6.85 | 26.91 | |
根 Root | 32.01c | 1.67 | 5.23 |
表3
树种和器官对NSC影响的双因素方差分析"
参数 Parameters | 变异来源 Source of variation | 离差平方和SS | 自由度 DF | 均方 MS | F | P |
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar | 树种 Species(S) | 1 752.29 | 4 | 438.07 | 32.60 | < 0.001 |
器官 Organ (O) | 25 235.12 | 3 | 8 411.71 | 625.94 | < 0.001 | |
S × O | 5 079.86 | 12 | 423.32 | 31.50 | < 0.001 | |
淀粉 Starch | 树种 Species | 1 836.06 | 4 | 459.02 | 16.00 | < 0.001 |
器官 Organ | 684.22 | 3 | 228.07 | 7.95 | < 0.001 | |
S × O | 1 198.98 | 12 | 99.92 | 3.48 | < 0.001 | |
NSC | 树种 Species | 972.33 | 4 | 243.08 | 6.09 | < 0.001 |
器官 Organ | 32 448.01 | 3 | 10 816.00 | 271.11 | < 0.001 | |
S × O | 3 687.92 | 12 | 307.33 | 7.70 | < 0.001 |
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