基于无人机低空遥感的荒漠林大沙鼠鼠洞分布与地形的关系——以新疆古尔通古特沙漠南缘局部为例

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20181021

林业科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (10): 180-188.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20181021

• 研究简报 • 上一篇

基于无人机低空遥感的荒漠林大沙鼠鼠洞分布与地形的关系——以新疆古尔通古特沙漠南缘局部为例

马涛^1,2, 郑江华^1,2, 温阿敏^1,2, 陈梦³, 穆晨⁴

1. 新疆大学资源与环境学院乌鲁木齐 830046;
2. 新疆大学绿洲生态教育部重点实验室乌鲁木齐 830046;
3. 新疆维吾尔自治区林业有害生物防治检疫局乌鲁木齐 830000;
4. 新疆维吾尔自治区草原总站乌鲁木齐 830049

收稿日期:2017-06-20 修回日期:2018-07-05 出版日期:2018-10-25 发布日期:2018-11-03
基金资助:
新疆林业有害生物防治检疫局委托项目"新疆准噶尔盆地周缘森林鼠（兔）灾害评估信息管理系统研建"（2015-2016）；新疆维吾尔自治区青年科技创新人才培养工程项目（2017）。

Relationship between the Distribution of Rhombomys opimus Holes and the Topography in Desert Forests Based on Low-Altitude Remote Sensing with the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV): A Case Study at the Southern Margin of the Gurbantunggut Desert in Xinjiang, China

Ma Tao^1,2, Zheng Jianghua^1,2, Wen Amin^1,2, Chen Meng³, Mu Chen⁴

1. College of Resources and Environmental Science, Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046;
2. Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046;
3. Forest Pest Control and Quarantine Bureau of Xinjiang Urumqi 830000;
4. Xinjiang Grassland Central Station in Xinjiang Urumqi 830049

Received:2017-06-20 Revised:2018-07-05 Online:2018-10-25 Published:2018-11-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]利用无人机低空遥感航拍影像探索分析大沙鼠鼠害分布与地形的关系，以期获取研究区内鼠洞分布空间特征，为科学治理鼠害提供支持。[方法]2015年10月对新疆古尔班通古特沙漠南缘的荒漠林大沙鼠典型鼠害区进行无人机低空航拍，获取空间分辨率为0.024 m的超高分辨率影像与空间分辨率为1 m的数字高程模型（DEM）影像，运用人工目视解译方法获得大沙鼠鼠洞分布情况；基于无人机航拍数字高程模型影像提取研究区的坡向、坡度、高程、地形起伏度等地形特征；叠加统计分析该区域大沙鼠鼠洞空间数据在不同地形特征中的分布占比。[结果]新疆古尔通古特沙漠南缘研究区内沙丘多为南北走向，该区大沙鼠鼠洞主要分布于沙丘的东坡及东北坡（占鼠洞的50.7%）、阴坡（占鼠洞的61.2%）、平坡和缓坡（占鼠洞的89.7%），以及海拔为432.5~435 m（高程为2.5~5 m）梯度下（占鼠洞的53.8%）和地形起伏度0.1~0.25 m范围内（占鼠洞的34.7%）。[结论]研究区域内大沙鼠鼠洞分布具有空间分布差异与地形有密切关系。在基层的大沙鼠鼠害防治中，结合考虑地形因素，可提高对鼠害的防治效率，这为新疆鼠害治理提供了新的思路与方法。

关键词: 无人机, 低空遥感, 森林生物灾害, 目视解译, 地形因子

Abstract: [Objective] Grassland rat damage is an important factor affecting grassland ecological balance. Grassland rat monitoring is an important part of rat damage control. UAV, as a type of low-altitude remote sensing, can meet the requirements of high spatial resolution and flexible operation of grassland rat damage monitoring. In the demonstration work of Xinjiang rat damage monitoring and controlling, we used UAV aerial imagery to explore the relationship between the distribution of rat damage and the topography in order to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of rat holes in the study area and provided support for scientific controlling of the rat damage.[Method] The UAV aerial photography was taken on the desert forest Rhombomys opimus in a typical area to obtain images of 0.024 m ultra-high spatial resolution and DEM images with 1m spatial resolution in the southern margin of the Gurbantunggut Desert in Xinjiang in October 2015. We used artificial visual interpretation method to obtain the distribution of R. opimus holes. Based on the UAV aerial DEM image, the terrain features such as slope aspect, slope gradient, elevation and RDLS were extracted. Then, superimposition was applied to analyze the spatial distribution of the R.opimus hole in different terrain features in the area.[Result] The sand dunes are mostly north-south trend in the southern margin of the Gurbantunggut Desert in Xinjiang. Statistical analysis showed that the R.opimus holes in the area were mainly distributed in the east and north slopes of the sand dunes (50.7%), the shady slopes (61.2%), the flat slopes and the gentle slopes (89.7%), the elevation of 432.5-435 m and the altitude:2.5-5 m (53.8%) and a relief of 0.1-0.25 m (34.7%).[Conclusion] The spatial distribution of the R.opimus holes is closely related to the topography in the study area. In the control of the rat pest in the grass-roots level,the efficency of the rat pest control can be improved by considering topographical factors. This paper provided new ideas and method for the management of the rat damage and diseases in Xinjiang.

Key words: UAV, low altitude remote sensing, forest biological disaster, visual interpretation, topographic factors

中图分类号:

S764.5

马涛, 郑江华, 温阿敏, 陈梦, 穆晨. 基于无人机低空遥感的荒漠林大沙鼠鼠洞分布与地形的关系——以新疆古尔通古特沙漠南缘局部为例[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(10): 180-188.

Ma Tao, Zheng Jianghua, Wen Amin, Chen Meng, Mu Chen. Relationship between the Distribution of Rhombomys opimus Holes and the Topography in Desert Forests Based on Low-Altitude Remote Sensing with the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV): A Case Study at the Southern Margin of the Gurbantunggut Desert in Xinjiang, China[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2018, 54(10): 180-188.

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基于无人机低空遥感的荒漠林大沙鼠鼠洞分布与地形的关系——以新疆古尔通古特沙漠南缘局部为例

Relationship between the Distribution of Rhombomys opimus Holes and the Topography in Desert Forests Based on Low-Altitude Remote Sensing with the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV): A Case Study at the Southern Margin of the Gurbantunggut Desert in Xinjiang, China

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