Surface markings of aeciospores of three species of Cronartium examined under SEM are characterized by annulate processes with five to seven layers and a welldeveloped smooth area. The three species could he distinguished from one another by the morphology of the processes.The processes of Cronartium flaccidum are more prominently narrowed towards the tips and have more varied shapes and sizes,than those of the other two species.Processes of C.quercuum are gradually narrowed towards the tips,while the processes of C.ribicola are about the same in width from bottom to the tips. Between some near by processes,there are several fibrils connecting the same layer of annulation.

First of all,various approaches of classification and ordination are briefly treated.Monotheic and divisive association analysis(AA)is used for classification and more sophisticated principle component analysis(PCA)for ordination in this first paper.Computational procedures are stepwise presented in detail and computer programmes are written and deposited in the Computer Centre,Peking.Two sets of binary data are used:79 quadrats with 11 tree speicies of a Castanopsis kawakamii.forest in Central Fukien and 40 quadrats with 32 species of Aneurolipidium chinese grassland in Inner Mongolia.Results of AA and PCA agree closely to each other and also to the qualitative classification of the original authors.Aneurolepidium chinese grassland is shown clearly to have 4 discontinuous groups and its 2 and 3 dimensional ordination by PCA can retain 43.7% and 50.2% of the total information content respectively.It is,therefore,postulated that AA and PGA are complementary and very useful methods to a wide variety of ecological context,including interrelation between vegetational and enviromental attributes.

A preliminary survey of the phytophagous species of Eurytomidae reported from this country to be injurious to woody plants has been made.As a result,1 genus and 5 species are described as new.Type of these specimens are deposited in the entomological laboratory of the Institute of Zoology,Academia Sinica,Peking. Homodecatoma gen.nov. This genus is similar to Eudecatoma Ashmead,but differs in having dimorphic antennae,and male funicle 6 jointed(not 4 jointed).It is also closely related to Fropodecatoma Ashmead,but there is a small cloudy pattern beneath marginal and proximal part of postmarginal and at the base of stigmal veins.Median ocellus located outside of scrobes;petiol very short,not as long as wide,moreover,this genus differs from Eurytoma Illiger in having punctures on head and thorax rather superficial,not so deep and obvious;the forewing with a small cloudy pattern as mentioned above already and male with 6-jointed funicle but not five joints. Type species:Homodecatoma mallotac gen.nov.et sp.nov. Homodecatoma mallotae gen.nov.et sp.nov.Monobasic,without any known allied species. Holotype ♀:Chekiang,.Ex seeds of Mallotus philippinensis(Lam.)Mull-Arg.2.Ⅶ.1973,Cheng Tai-lu. Paratype 3 ♂♂:As above. Eurytoma neocaraganae sp.nov.nearest to Eurytoma caragana Nik.but differs in having striate-punctate sculptures which is arranged in such a way as if towards the mouth.Scutellum not predominantly convex at its distal end,4th tergite shorter than 3rd,7th tergite more than 2 times the width.Ovipositor protruded.Body length 2—2.2mm.obviously shorter.(E.caraganae 4mm.) Holotype ♀:Peking,Ex Caragana sp.1963,Cheng Chang-jie. Paratype 2♀♀ 2♂♂:As above. Bruchophagus kashiensis sp.nov.resembles to Bruchophagus smirnoviae Nik.but differs in having funicles square-like or truncated except 1—2 joints lon-ger than wide,and each joint has only a crossing row of longitudinal sensoria,over-positor only slightly sxposed,and not as long as Smirnoviae which with ovipositoras 1/4.abdominal length,and leg of male without black colour.Although this speciessimilar to B.robiniae Zerova and B.philorobiniae Liao in having the same host,thebody colour is different.The present sp.almost fire-reddish,while those two spe-cies are black colour.Some other characterices are different too. Holotype ♀:Sinkiang,Kashi(Kaxgar shi),30.Ⅳ.1965,Ex pods of Robinapseudoacacia L.,Liao Ding-shi. Paratype 2 (?)(?):As above. Bruchophagus philorobiniae sp.nov.closely related to both Bruchophagus colutae Boucek and B.robiniae Zerova but differs from B.colutac by petiol of maleshorter,length of which not attains 2 times but 1.5 times as long as its broad.Themedian part of propodeum with longitudinal shrinks,does not with polygon punc-tures,3rd tergite longer than or subequal in length to 4th tergite and the end ofstigmal vein of forewing likes a bird head form not square-like and their host dif-ferent;it differs from B.robiniae Zerova in addition to some aspects as mentionedabove,its antenna as well as male body with different colour. Holotype ♀:Peking,Ⅶ.1963,Ex seeds of Robinia pseudoacacia L.,Cheng Chang-jie. Paratype 50—60 ♀♀ (?)(?):As above. Bruchophagus pseudononis sp.nov.Closely allied to B.ononis(Mayr)butit differs from the latter by having male's petiol 2.5 times as long as broad,(male'spetiol of B.ononis only 1.5 times as long as broad). Holotype ♀:Peking,1964,Ey seeds of Sophora japonica var.pendula Loud.,Cheng Chang-jie. Paratype 2 (?)♀:As above.

The main stages of initiation and development of male and female strobili in Larix leptolepis(S.et Z.)Gord.were briefly deseribed.Such information may be of some interest to tree-breeders of this species. Details of pollination processes were alse carefully observed.When the female cones are fully developed,the cone-seales separate and pollen disseminated by wind enters the opening and deposits on the mieropylar flap which is swollen at the time and protrudes beyond the ovuliferous scale.Then the flap contracts and the pollen grains are embedded in its tissue for a period of about 15 days.As the ovule is mature,it secretes a fluid that fills the mieropyle,and after the pollen grains are enclosed,the fluid is withdrawn until the grains rest against the nucellus and germination takes place.

Hydrogenated rosin is one of the important modified produets of rosin.The main factors influencing hydrogenation are amounts of catalyst,Pressure of hydrogen,temperature of reaction and manner of stirring etc.The convenient conditions of hydrogenation are:about 0.01% amount of catalyst of 5% palladium on active carbon(size of active carbon,60—70 mesh),temperature of reaction 270℃;hydrogen pressure(entering pressure at 30℃)100kg/cm²;time of reaction about one hour. Hydrogenated rosin and its esters are good tackifer material and solder constituent, being widely used in electronic,printing,food,adhesive,medical material and synthetic rubber industry.

Five species of gelechiid moths collected in Tai-ling forest areas,Heilungkiang prdvince,are identified by the authors as Anacampsis populella(Clerck),Chelaria gibboselle(Zeller),Compsolechia metagramma Meyrick,Compsolechia temerella(Zeller)and Phthorimaea junctella(Douglas),All of them are recorded for the first time in China.They are considered as forest pests in this area.In addition to the deseriptions of morphological characteristics of both adult and immature stages, their life histories,geographical distributions,host plants and habits of these insect pests are also given.