The seven trees species——Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica etc. were measured by using the Preesure-Volume Technique for two years (1986—1987) in semi-arid region, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia. The measured trees planred in the same site types were middle-aged. The results showed that the whole Osmotic Potential (π_P) and Relative Water Content (RWC) of measured branches in the early period when the protoplasm separated from the cell wall could be used as physiological index for comparing the drought-endurance of trees. The higher value of π_P (absolute value) and lower value of RWC are physiological features of stronger drought-endurance. The indexes changed with seasons and phenological phase during the annual growch period. During growing period of branch the value of π_P is least and the value of RWC is the greatest, but the value of π_P is the greatest, the value of RWC is the least when the branches all lignified. By means of using the minimum value of π_P and the annual variation value of π_P express the drought-endurance, the results are satisfactory.

As a part of the decision support system, design and application of subsystem are demonstrated. Climatic factors were estimated for 3911 sites in a half-degree latitude-longitude grid across China, by means of multivariate interpolation technique and a fuzzy model was established for identifying homoclimate of each site compared with species climatic requirement. Bioclimate analysis carried out in computer divided target sites into different levels and mapped by color so that the region where climate were similar to that of species required could be recognized.It was concluded that the system could assist in establishing field trials for species without being tested and delineating suitable areas according to results from trials.As a multipurpose species, Acacia dealbata was used for delineating suitable zones to illustrate the system.

Studies on the influence of proportion and amount of N, P and K on grouth of Oriental arborvitae (_{Platycladus orientalis} (Linn) Franco) seedling (1+0) were made.Seeds were sown on seedbed in nursery. Calcium Superphosphate was used as ground fertilizer and N and K as additional fertilizers after emergence of the seedlings. The time of absorbing N and P by the seedlings was traced by radioactive isotopes ¹⁵N and ³²P.The results are: (1) the 1-year old seedling reacted readily with N-fertihzer. Growth of the seedling was significantly increased. The most satisfactory result occurred when N was applied with P. (2) In effect P was only next to N and was necessary to obtain the maximum quantity of up to standard seedlings to achieve the best monetary result. (3) The optimal quantities of fertilizers to be applied was N 150-200kg/ha and P₂O₅ 100-200kg/ha for production of 2.10million qualified seedlings per hectare. The best proportions for N and P on moist loess soil in our experiment were 3—2 to 2—1. N+P=300—400kg. (4) N and P could be absorbed by the seedlings before lateral roots appeared. (5) Application of fertilizers would increase by 81.3%—99.7% of seedling production and economic benefit respectively over comparison.

This paper, taking Chinese Fir & Masson's pine as examples (objects), studied the site quality evaluation by the substitution of tree species in the same site types. The result showed that directly adopting site index to establish substitution equation pairs, because different species make different responses to the site types and its comprehensive functions, can't get correct result. However, through the way of quantification and multi-variate analysis, we can develop site index substitution model on the basis of site factors and transform the index value into standard growing stock. Thereby, it is on the basis of ecology that the question of site quality evaluation through multi-species substitution has been solved with satisfaction.

215 clones of Populus tomentosa, collecting from different geographic localities in China, were inoculated with leaf rust fungi (Melampsora magnusiana) in the green house in Beijing Forestory University. The infection of the clones on natural occurance were investigated in Shandong provance. Results showed that the resistance of poplar clones to the leaf rust fungi was distinctly different. Clones of South-west Shanxi, South-east Gansu and the South of Shanxi are more resistant than that of Henan, the South of Hebei and the West of Shandong. The most resistant clones contributed mainly in South-west Shanxi, whereas the most susceptible ones, in the South of Henan

Since 1980, the investigation on pathogenic microfungi was made trees and shrubs in diversely structured forests in northern slope of Changbai Mountain, including a few saprophytic, in 2100 samples gathered, 213 fungal species were identified belonging to 97 genera, 23 families, 13 orders of 6 classes. Among them, 7 new species have been reported. The distributions and compositions of the fungal species, and relations between major fungal diseases and natural conditions were discussed.

The pine sawyer beetle, Monochamus alternatus Hope, is not only a main vector of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, but also an important stemboring pest of pines in our country. The feeding habit of the adults and larvae was clarified preliminarily by observations both in laboratory and in the field, and the relationship was expounded between the adult damage and physiological weakness of pine, the larvae boring and pine dying. The relationship between the larvae and other stem-boring pests was also studied at the same time. The egg-depositing habit of the adult and the pattern of population distribution of the larvae were discussed. The authors Consider that the adult and larvae feeding are may be the most important factors among the causes inducing pine dying in our country. In order to prevent pine trees from dying in vast area, the numeral increase of the species group of pine sawyer beetle adult attention be the most important factors paid must to.

In the article, a new theory of forest structure, which eliminates the shortcomings of normal forest, generalized forest and regulated forest, has been proposed by using multi-objectiye mathematical programming, At the same time, it has been discussed how to determine the whole forest structure of a specific forestry farm which has several tree species to manage. Taking jiang shanjiao Forestry Farm as an example, the whole structure of korean pine, toothed oak and larch is modified and solved. This kind of forest structure has the characteristics of dynamity, entirety, benefits-maximum and inflexity. Meanwhile, it is very easy to be located on the forest land.

Natural decay resistance of the heartwood of Cunninghamia lanceolata, Phoebe sheareri, Sassafras tzumu, Quercus fabri, and Catalpa bungei was determined by the soil-block method with Coriolus versicolor (white rotter) and Gloeophyllum trabeurn (brown rotter) in the laboratory. The changes in amounts of major components during decay of samples were analysed. The results showed that decay resistance of the heartwoods was very resistant or resistant to both C. versicolor and G. trabeum, but Populus deltoides as control sample was very susceptive to these two fungi. This reflects that these heartwood contain active antifungal substance. C. versicolor decomposes holocellulose and lignin at approximately the same relative rates, and the solubility of wood in 1% NaOH solution drops progressively. G. trabeum mainly degradates the polysaccharides in wood and causes only a small loss in lignin, and the solubility of wood in 1% NaOH solution increases substantially on attack by G. trabeum in early stages of brown rot. In later stages, the partially degraded carbohydrate fragments are utilized by the brown rot, so the solubility of wood in 1% NaOH solution quickly declined drop by drop.

The essay analysed 18 kinds of proteinic amino-acid in as many as 42 Chinese coniferous and broad-leavel trees. It discusses and compares their amlno-acid content and their potentical amino-acid composition in different families, categories and species and under different surroundings and in different growing seasons.In order to make a further research on their value and utility, the essay mainly studies the difference in the composition of proteinic aminoacid between grains and trees.The research shows that the amino-acid content in broad-leavel trees is abotu 2 or 3 times as much as that in coniferous. trees Thus it is more beneficial to use broad-leavel trees. But the potentical amino-acid composition in all these trees is quite similar. Trees with a relatively higher aminoacid content are aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine, valine, lysine, alanine, phenylalanine, arginine and so on, Those trees with a relatively lower amino-acid content include cystine, methionine, histidine, tryptophan and ammonia.The total amino-acid content in the foliage is about 3 or 4 times higher than that in grains and the potentical amino-acid composition in the foliage is totally different from that in grains and meat, especially for the 8 non-synthetic necessitions amino-acids (such as threonine, valine, isoleucine, leucine and phenylalanine) in human bodies and animals, the amino-acid content is 3 times as much as that in kaoliang and corn and twice as much as that in wheat bran. Compared with meat, the difference is even more obvious. The total percentage of leucine and phenylalanine in proteinic amino-acid is 3 or 4 times higher than that in meat.The result shows that foliage can be used as a substance for supplementing different kinds of proteinic amino-acid, so it is useful for proteinic synthesis in animal bodies. It is concluded that foliage can be used as a very good feed additve for domestic animals and fowls.

This article in the light of our country's condition and forest conditions andlyses the important roles of forest rosource as the basic elements of the productive forces in foresty production and management, and it's economic property, also analyses in foresst management and utiliges only by combining economic benefits with ecologic benefits can be reasonable allocate forest resource, and makes the main elements of productive forces in a best combination. And then, the forestry reproduction can developed successfulness. Wan to achieve these above, the first step is to make a scientific economic evaluation on forest resource.The forest resource economic evaluation include two aspects of the forest stumpag's value evaluation and the forest ecological social benefits evaluation. According to the speciality of the process of stumpag's value formed, use the direct method (cost method) to calculate the growing stumpag's value. This evaluation method is suited to our country's conditions and is scientific and practical.Under definitely distinguish between two different conceptions, forest function and forest effective benefits, using "the method of equiyalent evaluation" to replenish and enrich existing theory and method of forest ecological social benefits evaluation can make the forest evaluation more practical.

Yulinensis—1 is a new variety selected and breeded by Forest Institute of Henan Province and the other eleven units in eight ditrict including Sui county Yu county and Zhenzhou etc. By means of comparing regional test, resistance, adaptability, and studing on biology and ecology in about thirty Paulownia species, variaty, fine plant and types, the variety was screened. Ineight years, it has been proved that the variety grow fast, its mean volume of a single plant is 60% larger than that of native Paulownia elongata, and it is characterized by good trunk shape, extensive adaptability, adequat resistance, good timber and so on. The variety is a valuable one in production.

The masson pine caterpiller (Dendrolimus punctatus Walker) is the most important pest of the massin pine, Pinus massoniana, in our country. It is widely distributed in southern of China. In the pest, the insecticides such as BHC, DDT, Trichlofon etc. was frequently used in its control. Nowaday, the pyrethroids (e. g. Decamethrin and Fenvalerate etc.) have been used in many places to replace the Chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides and the synthetic organic pesticides. However, owing to the abuse of insecticides, the problem of resistance is becoming a serious matter.The results of the laboratory tests showed that, in Lixai, Jimhua-Liging, Vanlin, Juzhou-Hangpu, Juzhou-Hengluzhu, Jinhua-Gufang province etc., the resistance to the Trichlorfon of the insect population had increased by21. 45, 26. 07, 26. 38, 27. 60, 27. 98, 55. 28 times compared with that of the insect population in Rongkang province (Table 2). In Jinyin-Chenbe, Rongcan-pidin, the resistence to the Decamethroin of the insect population had increased by 40.38, 49.40 times campared with that of the insect population in Huang Yin-Yaochang (Table 3). The results also showed that there is a resistance at different levels arising in the insect populations according to the dosage used in different places, (Table 4).

Equations for estimating diameter distribution, growth, and yield were developed based upon measurement of 230 temporary plots located in natural Dahurian larch Larix gmelinii stands throughout Daxingan mountains. First of all, equations for projecting stand density (basal area or number of trees) and stand volume from stand condition and growth model of basal area were developed using regression analysis technique. Compatible models of estimating diameter distribution—parameter recovery model (PRM) were derived by solving for the parameters of the generalized form of gamma distribution from attributes predicted with the stand-level models. A mathematical compatability exists between two yield forecasting techniques: diameter distribution models and stand-level models. A new method is presented for editing yield table.

Since EDAX is an accessory of SEM and good at microanalysing, it may be a capable instrument for studying the penetration of preservative and infusion in wood. It is very important to study the penetration and distribution of preservative in wood for compounding the preservative and adopting the technological process. This paper introduces a method of studying the penetration and distribution of CCA preservative by SEM-EDAX-SQ-Technique. We select six wood species (Populus tomentosa, Pinus massoniana, Larix olgensis, Ulmus punmila, Pseudotsuga menziesii and Picea jezoensis), one bamboo species (Phyllostachys pubescens) and adopt two technological processes for comparison. The penetration curves are obtained as a result.