Studies on soil biological activities, chemical properties and structures ofsoil, constituents of pores and water status have been carried out in differentAgroforastry patterns, including Chinese fir-litsea cubeba (A), Chinese fir-litsea cubeba-Soybean (B), Chinese fir-litsea cubeba-Tobacco (C) and pureChinese fir forest. The results indicuted that the resultes showed that the top-soil structures of pattern B and C became poor, the content of soil nutrientsdeclined, soil biological activities decreased, but the ripening level of subsoilraised. In order to maintain the soil fertility of cultivated land, Pattern B andC would reduce the strength of cultivation, shoten the period of interplantingtimes, and appropriately increase the amount of the fertiliers of N and P Pa-ttern A had a good ability to modifing soil. Thus it would be a good agro-forestry pattern for Chinese fir in south forest areas of China.

It is well known that the osmotic stress may induce oxygen free radicalgeneration and cause various degree injuries to some plant species. In thispaper the leaves of P. cathayana Rehd. were treated with different osmoticpressures by PEG-6000 to study the mechanism of leaf injury. The resultsshowed that the generation rate of superoxide free radical (O₂^-) increasedwith the increase in PEG concentration. The stress strength was in directproportion to the amount of O₂^- generation between -2.5 to -1.25 MPa. Thetrend of change in MDA contents was similar to that in O₂^- generation rate.In certain range of stress strength, the activity levels of SOD and CAT co-rresponded to the change in O₂^-. There was a positive correlation betweenincrease of cytoplasmic membrane permeability, leaf water potential decreaseand increment of MDA content. The conclusion obtained from this study maybe that osmotic stress damage of leave in P. cathayana is caused by membr-ane-lipid peroxidation firstly, meanwhile increase in MDA content, and cy-toplasina system destruction.

Formerly in the genus Reynvaania Reyne, only one species R. gallicolaReyne,was known.It is a bud gall producer, restricted to oak, Quercus lineata Bl., collected at an altitude of 1000 to 1600 m in Java and Sumatera (Indo-nesia). In this paper Reynvaania is recorded for the first time from China,and a new species, R. spinaius, is reported. The morphology of the adultfemale and the dimorphic first instar nymphs is described and illustrated,and its biology is given. All the type specimens were deposited in Depart-ment of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University. Reynvaania spinatus Hu et Li sp. nov. Adult female (plate 1): Body membranous irregularly shaped, more orless circular, diameter 3212 (2860-3541). Antennae reduced to a stronglysclerotized tubercle with 4 blunt setae on its top. Margin with a row of stout,pointed setae; narrow submarginal band with more smaller setae, multilocularpores and simple pores. Two transverse rows of robust setae at the posteriorend of the body, one row contains 4 and the second one 6-7 setae. Male: Unlnown. First instar nymphs have dimorphic forms, which are quite dissimilar incolor and micro morphology. First instar form Ⅰ (plate 2): Pale yellow in color with red eyes. Dime-nsions of body ca. 465(424-480) ×215(200-232). Dorsal marginal setae thickand pointed, 11(9-12) long, 2(1.7-2.2) wide, submedial setae smaller,only 1-5 setae on head and thorax. Antennae 6-segmented, segment Vwith 3 slender setae, 1 very long slender seta and l fleshy seta. Labium 99(89-104) long,80(73-86) wide. Multilocular pores in 4 longitudinal rowson ventral side;3 pairs of pores between the legs; 2-4 pairs of submedialpores on the posterior abdominal segments; and 7 pairs of submarginal poreson the abdomen. Anal ring oval, 42(39-44) wide, with ca. 22 translucentcells in two rows and 6 thick anal ring setae, the setae 31 (31-33) long.First instar form Ⅱ (plate 3): Light orange in color with dark-red eyes.Dimensions of body 536(516-568)×19(212-224). Dorsasl marginal setaepointed with bulbous bases, 25(23-28) long, 8(8-9) wide, 4-7 quinquelo-cular pores associated with marginal setae on the exterior side of each ante-rior spiracle, submedial seta absent. Labium 128 (125-137) long, 77(70-84) wide. Multilocular pores in 2 longitudinal rows on ventral side, 1 pair ofpores between the prothoracic legs, 1-3 pairs of submedial pores on the po-sterior abdominal segments, submarginal pores absent. Simple pores locatednear the base of the ventral marginal setae, usually associated with the an-terior setae, 4-6 along each margin. Anal ring 33(31-36) wide, with 18translucent cells and 6 thick anal ring setae, the setae 39(39-42)long. Biology: This species lives on an evergreen oak, Cyclobalanopsis myrsin-sefolia (B1.), inside galls, found at the top of young twigs or at the base ofbud more downward, which by an abundant development of long, flat, greenhairs have the appearance of a plushy globule, with a diameter of 12-18mm. Each female deposits eggs inside gall during early June, The eggshatch in mid-June, The first instar nymphs migrate and settle on twigs at the base of bud. Holotype:♀, Wugongshan, Jiangxi Province, June 1, 1990, colls, HuXingping and Xiao Shuangyan, 900m. Paratypes:3♀♀, same as holotype,31 first instar, locality same as holotype, June 14, 1990. Slide No: 9171-9178.

Among the species of Trioza occurring in South China T. camphorea Sa-saki, T. cinnamomi Boselli and T. parthenaxyli Yang et Li feed on the plants of the genus Cinnamomum, Lauraceae; but only T. cinnamomi has beenrecored and has not been found in our country. The four new Species descri-bed in the present paper are serious pests of Cinnamomum spp. The type specimens are kept in the Insect Collection of Beijing Agricu-ltural University. 1. Trioza pseudocinnamomi, sp. n. (fig. 1) Holotype(?), allotype♀, Guangdong Prov. Guangzhou C., 1984-Ⅰ-14,paratypes 7(?)(?), 11♀♀, same as for holotype; 6♀♀, place as for holo-type, 1984-Ⅲ-27. Host plant: Cinnamomum burmannii (Nees) Bl. (Lauraceae) The new species resembles Trioza cinnamomi (Boselli 1930) but differsfrom the latter in the anus longer, about 1/3 times as long as the dorsal va-lve. 2. Trioza nigricamphorae, sp. n. (fig. 2) Holotype(?), allotype ♀, Zhejiang Prov. Hangzhou C., 1980-Ⅳ-26, pa-ratypes 1(?), 1 ♀, same as for holotype; 5 (?)(?), 9♀♀, Jiangxi Prov.Nanchang C., 1984. Host plant: Cinnamomum camphora (L. )Presl. The new species is similar to Trioza nigra Kuwayama 1910 from TaiwanProv., but differs from the latter in having body longer, male proctiger po-sterior margin strongly produced caudad into a posterior lobes. 3. Trioza camphoricola, sp. n. (fig. 3) Holotype(?), allotype ♀, paratypes 7(?)(?), 23♀♀, Zhejiang Prov.Hangzhou C., 1980-Ⅳ-26. The new species' appearance and parameres resemble that of the Trioza camphorae Sasaki 1910, but the new species is easily distinguished from thelatter by the body longer (camphorae is 1.3-1.7mm, new species is 2.02-2.40mm), proctiger longer and posterior margin produced into a posteriorlobes. 4. Trioza magnicomphorae, sp. n. (fig. 4) Holotype♀, paratypes 3♀♀, Yunnan Prov. Lunan Yi Aut.Co. (1600m), 1981-Ⅲ-19. Host plant: Cinnamomum sp. The new species' venation is similar to that of the Trioze jambolanaeCrawford 1917, but the new species differs from the latter in having thecones stout, black and the ventral valve much short.

In this paper a new species of the genus Scambus Hartig is described, whichis a new naturnal enemy of Rhyacionia pinicolana (Doubleday). The typespecimens are preserved in the Institute of Zoology, Academia smica. Scambus(Scambus) latustergus Wang sp. nov. Female : Front wing 8 mm long, Male : Front wing 5mm long This species is similar to Scambus (Scambus)buolianea Hartig and Scambus(Scambus) detrita Holmgren, but may be separated from the former by : the bodymore big, front wing 8 mm long and stigma light yellow, the abdominal ter-gite 2 with even punctures, front femur of male with wide and deep hollow,and from the latter by : the abdominal tergite 1 clearly broader than long,hind tarsus not swollen, ovipositor 1.2 times as long as abdomen, thoraciclength of male 1.5 times as its height. Holotype : Hulun Buir League, Nei Mongol. Aut. Reg. 17, Ⅶ. 1989;Allotype : locality ditto, 20, Ⅶ. 1989; paratypes : 19, 4, ditto.

In this paper, the guiding ideology and technology patterns of forestmanagement system have been studied theroretically. The forest managementpatterns have been constituted by means of combining site types, stand growth types and management types so that all kinds of forest can be managedgradually according to the management patterns to form the standarized techniques for forest management. Mean while, the specific technique for forest management system has been reflected by a set of management tableswhich are worked out by using the most suitable simulating model with electric computer automatically to form the common system software.

A theoretical basis is pointed out in this article that the present guideblock is absolutely deviating pull and deviating wear and tear in operation,causing the guided block coming off from the wheel easily, A method ofremoving the deviating wear and tear is calculated. Based on this, a new typeof guide block is designed and made as well as put into operation, whichshows that the innormal wear and tear is removed indeed and the problemthat the guided cable tends to come off from the wheel has been solved effectively.

The equilibrium moisture contents (EMC) of wood varies with the relative humidity and temperature of the surrounding air. On the basis of the measured data in Guangzhou during 1972-1974, the following linear regressionequation has been obtained: W_e=2.657557-0.01391679t+0. 2315497φ Comparing the measured data of the EMC of Beijing, Harbin, Shiyan Xiamenand so forth with the caculated values by the above linear regression equationand curvilinear regression equation in the textbook, it is considered that thelinear reqression equation is more suitable than the curvilinear equation toexpress the relationship between EMC and condition of air. The author have also described the moisture absorption as well as desorption of wood in detail.

In Shu County, Huaibai Plain, 36 sample trees of Populus deltoides cv."Lux" ex Ⅰ-69/55 were collected from three poplar fertilization trial plantations (trial plantations of N+organic fertilizers, P+K and check) to study thewood anatomy, chemical composition and wood physical strength of thesetrees. The results are as follows: 1. In the fertilized plantations, the poplarsgrow fastor, wood fibre length, amount of acellulose, and holocellulose,and wood airdry density of these trees lower down a little; after the testingof variance analysis, their variances does not reached remarkable level; 2.The poplars with a fastest growth in the trial plantation of N+ organic fertilizerc, whose rate of gelatinous fibre is higher, but their crushing strength,bending strength, shear parllel to the grain shearing strength and hardnessdecline to a certain extent separately; the decline variances of shear to thegrain shearing and hardness haven't reached remarkable level.

This paper has investigated some problems related to the ecological forestry(EF) and pointed out: (1) EF, based on the theories of ecology and econo-mics, formed a new way of forestry production, and revealed that the internalrelationships between society and forestry, and motion laws. (2) EF struture(i.e the forestry ecological economic system) was consisted of two aspects onewas the ecological system structure of forestry including relations among popu-lation, forestry resources and environment. The other was economic system str-ucture of forestry consisted of relations among population, goods and materia-ls,funds and technology.Its functions concentrated in the relations of the valuecurrent. (3) The constructure of ecological forestry was a developmentalprocedure for forestry to tend ideal state. (4)EF might be evaluated by usingthe method of the comprehensive efficient index: T=E/1.

The laws of nutrient cycling in Paulownia plantation ecosystems were studiedfor 2 years. The results show: the contents of nutrient elements in each Paul-ownia tree organs change monthly. In the ecosystem the total uptake of nutrientelements was 545.3772kg/ha in 1987, comprising N 175.6543kg/ha, P95.5802kg/ha, K 100.2737kg/ha, Ca 140.0955kg/ha, Mg 33.7735kg/ha. In 1988,the total uptake was 471.9595kg/ha, among which N was 155.1429kg/ha, P80.0821kg/ha, K 87.0394kg/ha, Ca 119.4603kg/ha, Mg 30.2348kg/ha. Annualcirculation rates of nutrient elements in 1987 and 1988 were 71.71% and 70.26%respectively, with the circulation rates for each element being N 66.25%, P57.83% K 74.77%, Ca 83.01%,Mg 83.36% in 1987, and N 66.11%, P54.06%,K 73.13%, Ca 81.50%, Mg 81.84% in 1988. According to the quantities ofrecention and loss the national fertilization rates are determined.

The introduction of Japanese larch in Pingshun mountain ous region locatedin south Taihang mountains was investigated. The results indicate that the eco-logical conditions in Taihang mountains of introducing Japanese larch is simi-lar to that in orginal place, while the differences of ecological conditions in Pingshun mountain are that the Taihang mountain regionis situated at interiorconcinent of china, where has quite clear continental climate, the difference inmean temperature between summer and winter is larger, and the annual prec-ipitation is only 33.5-61.4% of that in original place, the relative humidityis 8-18% lower than that in original place. Precipitation and humidity arethe leading ecological factors for introducing Japanese larch in Taihang mo-untain region. Therefore it is suitable to select the sites located in shade orsemishade slopes at 1300-1600m above sealeveI for introducing Japanese larchwhere the soil layer is deep, the soil is moist, and the air humidity ishigh. Meanwhile, under the same site conditions, the Japanese larch growsquickly, the annual height increment is 2.13-3.87 times as much as that inChinese Pine (Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. ),which is the main cultivated spe-cies in local place; moreover, the annual height increment and DBH of thedominant trees are 1.09m, 1.18cm respectively. As a whose, it is successfulto develope Japanese larch in the south of che Taihang mountains and thetemperate zone of south till 39 degrees north latitude.

The following laws have been obtained from the study on seed collectingperiod and storage method of Populus simonii, which has been carried outfor ten years: (1) The optimum period for seed collecting is the first andsecond ten days of june; (2)The optimum environment for prolonging theseed life low temperature,dry and air-tight conditions; (3) The life of seedsstored in normal environment is 1-2 years, while which can be prolonged to6-7 years as the seeds are stored in low temperature; (4) The suitable mo-isture content of seeds is 2-5% when they are stored.

The dynamic imitation model of forestry development strategy for Huang-Huai-Hai plain within shandong province was established from the points ofsystematical analysis and the coordinative development of agriculture, forestryand animal husbandry. It reveals the dynamic change of forest area, growing stock and cutting volume, and the enhance trand of ecological and economic benefits for a long or middle term. The best determination of forestrydevelopment strategy for this area can be elected among them, therefore thisstudy provides the scientific bases for working out a long or middle term fore-stry developmental implement plan, and for making management decision.

When planting trees, all of branches and tip of trunk from 1/3 of top ofone year-old part were cut off. As a result of surface reducing of trunk,branches and leaves, the water-consumption in the treatment was less than inthe contrast. Furthermore, the number and total length of roots were increased. So that the relative water content in the treatment was higher than inthe contrast. The results reveal that the poplar trees canker disease caused by Dothiorella gregaria was reduced with relative water content increased. Theeffect of controlling is about 60%.

When the insect internal water changes the critical point of temperatureinto solid state, can reduce to very low extent. According to this physicalproperty, we measured the supercooling point and freezing point of hibernating and anabiotic larvae of three kinds of pine caterpillar under low temperature with semiconductor point temperature meter. We also made some lethal testswith the change of temperature at the beginning and the end of hioernationof the pests. The results are as follows:1. The supercooling points of hibernating larvae and anabiotic larvae of Dendrolimus superans are -21.89 ±0.31 and -13.18±0.39; that of D. tabulaeformis are -19.89±0.48 and -11.12±0.29; and that of D. spectabilis are-18.23±0.51, -9.14±0.27.2. The freezing points of hibernating larvae and anabiotic larvae of D. superans are -6.66±0.36 and -5.18±0.22; that of D. tabulaeformis are -6.53±0.39 and 4.61±0.21; and that of D. spectabilis are -6. 27±0.32 and-3.25±0.18. At the beginning and the end of hibernating, if the climate changesvery abruptly, then the temperature changes from 5℃--6℃ frequantly and the mortality of the overwintering larvae may be more than 90%.