四川省雷击火时空分布特征及影响因素分析

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220769

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to investigate the temporal and spatial distribution and occurrence regularity of lightning fires in Sichuan Province, and analyze the main influencing factors of lightning fires, so as to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the prevention and control of lightning fires in Sichuan Province. Method: Based on the historical statistical data of lightning fires in Sichuan Province from 2001 to 2021, the change characteristics of lightning fires in Sichuan at different time scales were analyzed. The spatial distribution status and pattern of lightning fires in Sichuan were analyzed using multi distance spatial clustering analysis. Geographic information technology, SPSS statistical software and other tools were used to process the historical statistics data of lightning fire, meteorological data, digital elevation model (DEM) data and forest resource data and thereby analyze the impact of terrain, meteorology, vegetation and other factors on lightning fire in Sichuan Province. Result: A total of 72 lightning fires occurred in Sichuan from 2001 to 2021, most of which occurred from March to June. Among them, April was a concentrated and high occurrence period. The main occurrence period of time was 14:00―18:00, with 15:00―16:00 being the most prone time period for lightning fires. The spatial aggregation of lightning fires in Sichuan was obvious, and lightning fires mainly concentrated in Liangshan Prefecture and Panzhihua City in southwest Sichuan, and Ganzi Prefecture in west Sichuan, especially in Yalong River basin. Precipitation and relative humidity were the main meteorological factors affecting the frequency of lightning fires in Sichuan, while temperature and wind speed had no significant effect. In addition to meteorological factors, lightning fires in Sichuan were also affected by topography and vegetation type. Lightning fires were mainly concentrated in the area of the steep slope, semi-sunny slope or semi-shady slope with an altitude of 2 500–4 000 m and a slope of 26–45°. The most prone forest type was alpine pine forest, followed by Yunnan pine forest. Conclusion: The distribution pattern of lightning fires in Sichuan is obvious under the two time scales of month and day, and they mostly occur in the afternoon of summer. It has significant spatial aggregation characteristics, mainly concentrated in Ganzi Prefecture, Liangshan Prefecture, especially in the middle and lower reaches of the Yalong River. The occurrence of lightning fires is significantly affected by meteorological factors such as precipitation and relative humidity, and is prone to occur in specific terrain conditions and vegetation types. It is suggested to carry out lightning fire prevention and control on the basis of grasping the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors of lightning fires in Sichuan.

Key words: Sichuan, lightning fire, temporal and spatial distribution, forest fire

CLC Number:

S762

Difei Chen,Mingyu Wang,Liqing Si,Fengjun Zhao,Wei Li,Weike Li,Lifu Shu. Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics and the Influencing Factors of Lightning Fires in Sichuan[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(10): 32-40.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Table 1

Fig.4

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

Table 7

References 0

	白　夜, 李　晖, 王　博, 等. 森林雷击火成因与防控对策. 林业资源管理, 2019, (6): 7- 11,37.
	Bai Y, Li H, Wang B, et al. Review on causes to forests struck by lightning and countermeasures. Forest Resources Management, 2019, (6): 7- 11,37.
	陈　安, 李景吉, 黎文婷, 等. 2001—2018年雅砻江流域植被NDVI时空动态及其对气候变化的响应. 水土保持研究, 2022, 29 (1): 169- 175,183.
	Chen A, Li J J, Li W T, et al. Spatiotemporal of NDVI in the Yalong River basin from 2001 to 2018 and its response to climate change. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2022, 29 (1): 169- 175,183.
	杜春英, 李　帅, 刘　丹, 等. 大兴安岭地区森林雷击火发生的时空分布. 自然灾害学报, 2010a, 19 (3): 72- 76.
	Du C Y, Li S, Liu D, et al. Spatiotemporal distribution of lightning-caused forest fires in Daxing’anling area. Journal of Natural Disaster, 2010a, 19 (3): 72- 76.
	杜春英, 于成龙, 刘　丹. 大兴安岭地区雷击火发生环境分析. 中国农业气象, 2010b, 31 (4): 596- 599.
	Du C Y, Yu C L, Liu D. Environmental analysis on lightning forest fires in Daxing’an mountain. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2010b, 31 (4): 596- 599.
	甘薇薇, 杨淑群, 马振峰, 等. 北太平洋海温异常对四川省春季林火的影响. 中国农学通报, 2016, 32 (6): 132- 138.
	Gan W W, Yang S Q, Ma Z F, et al. Influence of sea surface temperature anomalies of north Pacific on spring forest fire in Sichuan Province. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2016, 32 (6): 132- 138.
	高永刚, 顾　红, 张广英. 大兴安岭森林雷击火综合指标研究. 中国农学通报, 2010, 26 (6): 87- 92.
	Gao Y G, Gu H, Zhang G Y. Integrated index study on forest lightning fire for Daxing’anling Mountains. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2010, 26 (6): 87- 92.
	顾先丽, 吴志伟, 张宇婧, 等. 2020. 气候变化背景下江西省林火空间预测. 生态学报, 40(2): 667−677.
	Gu X L, Wu Z W, Zhang Y J, et al. Prediction research of the forest fire in Jiangxi Province in the background of climate change. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 40(2): 667−677.［in Chinese］
	郭福涛, 胡海清, 马志海. 2009. 应用空间点模式方法研究大兴安岭雷击火空间分布格局. 生态学报, 29(12): 6741−6747.
	Guo F T, Hu H Q, Ma Z H. Spatial point process for spatial distribution pattern of lightning-caused forest fires in Daxing’an Mountains. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 29(12): 6741−6747.［in Chinese］
	郭福涛, 苏漳文, 马祥庆, 等. 大兴安岭塔河地区雷击火发生驱动因子综合分析. 生态学报, 2015, 35 (19): 6439- 6448.
	Guo F T, Su Z W, Ma X Q, et al. Climatic and non-climatic factors driving lightning-induced fire in Tahe, Daxing’an Mountain. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2015, 35 (19): 6439- 6448.
	何　诚, 舒立福, 刘柯珍. 大兴安岭地区夏季森林火灾环境因子特征分析. 西南林业大学学报(自然科学), 2021, 41 (3): 87- 93.
	He C, Shu L F, Liu K Z. Analysis on environmental factors' characteristics of summer forest fire in Daxing’an mountains. Journal of Southwest Forestry University (Natural Sciences), 2021, 41 (3): 87- 93.
	倪长虹, 邸雪颖. 黑龙江省大兴安岭雷击火发生规律. 东北林业大学学报, 2009, 37 (1): 55- 57,75.
	Ni C H, Di X Y. Occurrence regularity of lightning fire in Daxing'anling, Heilongjiang. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2009, 37 (1): 55- 57,75.
	舒立福, 田晓瑞, 李　骞, 等. 1999. 雷击火形成及预防扑救对策. 火灾科学, 8(3): 31−37.
	Shu L F, Tian X R, Li Q, et al. 1999. The mechanism and strategies of fighting fire happened, prevented and extinguished. Fire Safety Science 8(3): 31−37.［in Chinese］
	舒立福, 王明玉, 李忠琦, 等. 我国大兴安岭呼中林区雷击火发生火环境研究. 林业科学, 2003, 39 (6): 94- 99.
	Shu L F, Wang M Y, Li Z Q, et al. The fire environment mechanism of lightning fire formed for Daxing'an mountains. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2003, 39 (6): 94- 99.
	舒　洋, 孙子瑜, 张　恒. 世界森林雷击火研究现状和展望. 世界林业研究, 2022, 35 (2): 34- 40.
	Shu Y, Sun Z Y, Zhang H. Research on lightning fire in forest: current status and outlook. World Forestry Research, 2022, 35 (2): 34- 40.
	宋　蝶, 杨艳蓉, 王圣燕, 等. 我国西南森林雷电环境研究——以四川木里为例. 安徽农业科学, 2019, 47 (4): 219- 223.
	Song D, Yang Y R, Wang S Y, et al. Study on forest lightning environment in southwest China—taking Muli of Sichuan Province as an example. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 47 (4): 219- 223.
	王明洁, 王志成, 殷世平. 2005年黑龙江省夏季林火特征及气象环境条件分析. 林业科技, 2008, 33 (2): 19- 23.
	Wang M J, Wang Z C, Yin S P. Analyse on summer forest fire features and meteorological environment conditions of Heilongjiang Province in 2005. Forestry Science & Technology, 2008, 33 (2): 19- 23.
	王明玉. 2009. 气候变化背景下中国林火响应特征及趋势. 北京: 中国林业科学研究院.
	Wang M Y. 2009. Characteristics of forest fire response and trend under the scenarios of climate change in China. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Forestry.［in Chinese］
	王　鑫, 王锐婷. 四川省林火的时空分布特征及其气候背景分析. 中国农学通报, 2014, 30 (29): 155- 160.
	Wang X, Wang R T. Temporal and spatial characteristics of forest fire in Sichuan and its climate background. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2014, 30 (29): 155- 160.
	魏　榕, 刘　冀, 李世俊, 等. 雅砻江流域1961—2017年气候干湿变化特征. 水土保持研究, 2020, 27 (2): 193- 199.
	Wei R, Liu J, Li S J, et al. Characteristics of dry and wet change of climate in the Yalong River basin during the period 1961—2017. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2020, 27 (2): 193- 199.
	于诗文, 王秋华. 近年雷击火研究进展综述. 林业调查规划, 2020, 45 (2): 71- 76,112.
	Yu S W, Wang Q H. Review on research progress of lightning fire in recent years. Forest Inventory and Planning, 2020, 45 (2): 71- 76,112.
	张运春, 高贤明, 苏智先, 等. 四川森林资源的可持续发展. 长江流域资源与环境, 2002, 11 (3): 224- 228.
	Zhang Y C, Gao X M, Su Z X, et al. Sustainable development of forestry resources in Sichuan Province. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2002, 11 (3): 224- 228.
	Anderson K R, Martell D L, Flannigan M D, et al. Modeling of fire occurrence in the boreal forest region of Canada. Ecological Study Science, 2000, 15 (2): 357- 367.
	Besag J E. Comments on Ripley’s paper. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 1977, 39, 193- 195.
	Müller M M, Vacik H, Diendorfer G, et al. Analysis of lightning-induced forest fires in Austria. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2013, 111 (1a2): 183- 193.
	Ripley B D. Modelling spatial patterns. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological), 1977, 39 (2): 172- 212.
	Taylor A R. 1969. Tree-bole ignition in superimposed lightning scars. New York: American Academic Press.
	United Nations Environment Programme. 2022. Spreading like wildfire–the rising threat of extraordinary landscape fires. A UNEP Rapid Response Assessment. Nairobi.
	van Wagner C E. Duff consumption by fire in eastern pine stands. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 1972, 2 (1): 34- 39. doi: 10.1139/x72-006
	Wotton B M, Martell D L. A lightning fire occurrence model for Ontario. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 2005, 35 (6): 1389- 1401. doi: 10.1139/x05-071
	Zhang J L, Wu B I, Wang X H, et al. Lightning-caused fire, its affecting factors and prediction: a review. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2013, 24 (9): 2674- 2684.

市（州） Municipality	县（市、区） County	雷击火次数 Number of lightning fires	占比 Proportion(%)
甘孜州 Ganzi Prefecture	九龙县 Jiulong County	20	27.8
	雅江县 Yajiang County	7	9.7
	丹巴县 Danba County	2	2.8
	道孚县 Daofu County	2	2.8
	理塘县 Litang County	2	2.8
	稻城县 Daocheng County	1	1.4
	德格县 Dege County	1	1.4
	康定市 Kangding City	1	1.4
凉山州 Liangshan Prefecture	木里县 Muli County	15	20.8
	冕宁县 Mianning County	9	12.5
	西昌市 Xichang City	2	2.8
	盐源县 Yanyuan County	2	2.8
	布拖县 Butuo County	1	1.4
	越西县 Yuexi County	1	1.4
攀枝花市 Panzhihua City	东区Dong District	1	1.4
攀枝花市 Panzhihua City	仁和区 Renhe District	1	1.4
泸州市 Luzhou City	叙永县 Xuyong County	2	2.8
达州市 Dazhou City	大竹县 Dazhu County	1	1.4
德阳市 Deyang City	什邡市 Shifang City	1	1.4

气象因子 Meteorological factors	等级值划分 Grade value division	雷击火次数 Number of lightning fires	次数占比 Percentage of times(%)
气温 Air temperature	≥10 ℃ <10 ℃	46 11	80.7 19.3
风速 Wind velocity	≥2 m·s^?1 <2 m·s^?1	43 14	75.4 24.6
降水量 Precipitation	≤10 mm >10 mm	46 11	80.7 19.3
相对湿度 Relative humidity	≤50% >50%	45 12	78.9 21.1

因子 Factors	雷击火 Lightning fire	气温 Air temperature	风速 Wind velocity	降水量 Precipitation	相对湿度 Relative humidity
雷击火 Lightning fire	1
气温 Air temperature	0.069	1
风速 Wind velocity	?0.017	?0.375**	1
降水量 Precipitation	?0.245**	?0.114*	0.009	1
相对湿度 Relative humidity	?0.115*	?0.164**	?0.421**	0.311**	1

海拔范围 Altitude range/m	雷击火次数 Number of lightning fires	占比 Proportion(%)
0~500	2	2.78
1 000~1 500	5	6.94
1 501~2 000	5	6.94
2 001~2 500	3	4.17
2 501~3 000	10	13.89
3 001~3 500	27	37.50
3 501~4 000	20	27.78

坡度等级 Grade of slope	雷击火次数 Number of lightning fires	占比 Proportion(%)
平坡Grade 1（0°~5°）	3	4.17
缓坡Grade 2（6°~15°）	9	12.50
斜坡Grade 3（16°~25°）	14	19.44
陡坡Grade 4（26°~35°）	20	27.78
急坡Grade 5（36°~45°）	17	23.61
险坡Grade 6（>45°）	9	12.50

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics and the Influencing Factors of Lightning Fires in Sichuan

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 11

References 0

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

坡向 Aspect	雷击火次数 Number of lightning fires	占比 Proportion(%)
阳坡Sunny slope	11	15.28
半阳坡Semi-sunny slope	32	44.44
半阴坡Semi-shady slope	24	33.33
阴坡Shady slope	5	6.95

林分类型 Stand types	雷击火次数 Number of lightning fires	占比 Proportion(%)
云冷杉林Spruce fir forest	12	16.67
云南松林Pinus yunnanensis forest	13	18.06
高山松林 Pinus densata forest	18	25.00
栎林Oak forest	6	8.33
柏木林Cypress forest	1	1.39
马尾松林Pinus massoniana forest	0	0
常绿阔叶林Broad-leaved evergreen forest	1	1.39
落叶阔叶林Deciduous broad-leaved forest	7	9.72
针阔混交林Coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest	6	8.33
其他Others	8	11.11

[1]	Chen Bing, Zhao Fengjun, Fan Taiyun, Wu Lijuan, Jiang Zhiquan, Zhao Shuang, Ye Jiangxia. Spatial Distribution of Forest Fire Prevention Comprehensive Obstructing Network in Xichang City [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(9): 127-138.
[2]	Bo Wang,Xueqing Yang,Chunying Jiang,Dong Liu,Feng Chen,Ye Bai,Xiaodong Liu. Forest Fire Spread Risk in Yanqing District of Beijing Based on GIS [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(8): 90-101.
[3]	Fuming Wu,Zhihao Song,Chao Wang,Liyong Fu,Qiaolin Ye. Adaptive Sample Equalization and Information Fusion Augmentation Method for Forest Fire Data [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(6): 88-101.
[4]	Mingyu Wang,Weike Li,Lifu Shu,Liqing Si,Fengjun Zhao,Wei Li,Xiaoxiao Li. Visibility Evaluation of the Lookout Tower Configuration in Huzhong Area Where Lightning Fires Frequently Occur [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(10): 9-21.
[5]	Wei Li,Lifu Shu,Mingyu Wang,Weike Li,Shangbo Yuan,Liqing Si,Fengjun Zhao,Jiajun Song,Yahui Wang. Temporal and Spatial Distribution and Dynamic Characteristics of Lightning Fires in the Daxing’anling Mountains from 1980 to 2021 [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(10): 22-31.
[6]	Sisheng Luo,Bizhen Luo,Shujing Wei,Haiqing Hu,Xiaochuan Li,Zhenshi Wang,Yufei Zhou,Zhao Song,Yingxia Zhong. Characteristics of Soil Carbon Pool in Pinus massoniana Forest One Year after Moderate Forest Fires [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(9): 25-35.
[7]	Ze Gu,Xiaodong Liu,Feng Chen. Response of Twig Functional Traits of Pinus tabuliformis to Different Fire Severities [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(8): 99-108.
[8]	Liqing Si,Shangbo Yuan,Fengjun Zhao,Lifu Shu,Mingyu Wang,Qiming Ma. Relationship between Lightning, Lightning Fire and Human Activities [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(11): 1-9.
[9]	Mingyu Wang,Shangbo Yuan,Wei Li,Weike Li,Jiajun Song,Liqing Si,Yahui Wang,Fengjun Zhao,Xiaorui Tian,Xiaoxiao Li,Lifu Shu. Process and Influencing Factors of Mass Lightning Fires Caused by Dense Lightning in Daxing'anling Mountains [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(11): 10-20.
[10]	Weike Li,Lifu Shu,Shangbo Yuan,Jiajun Song,Wei Li,Liqing Si,Fengjun Zhao,Yahui Wang,Mingyu Wang. Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Lightning in Daxing'anling Mountains Based on VLF/LF 3D Lightning Location System [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(11): 21-30.
[11]	Sainan Yin,Dongchang Wang,Yanlong Shan,Xiyue Han,Bo Gao,Mingxia Wang. Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Forest Fires (Frequency and Area) Caused by Three Main Fire Sources in Heilongjiang Province [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(6): 115-124.
[12]	Xiaoya Pei,Nilakshi Jayasekara Arachchige Maduka,Chenhui Zhu,Dun Wang. Diversity of Entomopathogenic Fungi in Western Sichuan Plateau [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(8): 73-79.
[13]	Daxiao Han,Rui Wei,Xiaohong Wang,Rizheng Cong,Xueying Di,Guang Yang,Huiying Cai,Jili Zhang. Progress on the Mechanisms and Influencing Factors of Tree Mortality Caused by Forest Fire: A Review [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(7): 151-162.
[14]	Haiqing Hu,Bizhen Luo,Sisheng Luo,Shujing Wei,Zhenshi Wang,Xiaochuan Li,Fei Liu. Research Progress on Effects of Forest Fire Disturbance on Carbon Pool of Forest Ecosystem [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(4): 160-169.
[15]	Wenxia Zheng,Xinbin Guo,Yuxuan Guo,Aicong Zeng,Mao Wei,Linfei Guo,Yuanfan Ma,Futao Guo. Characteristics of NMHCs Released by Burning Typical Arbor Species in Daxing'anling Mountains [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(12): 101-113.