Abstract:

Objective: The wooden flume cultural relics unearthed at the Nanyue National Palace site were protected and displayed in situ in the museum. Although the anti-mold treatment was adopted in daily maintenance,recent investigations have found symptoms of suspected mold infestation,and Basidiomycete fruiting bodies were also found on the ground. This research was carried out to study the fungal infection status of wooden flume and analyze the fungal disease information of wooden cultural relics in the in-situ preservation and display environments. Method: Wood samples with typical symptoms from wooden flumes suspected of fungal infection or fruit body were collected,and the technology of traditional tissue isolation and Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the fungal community diversity information of the samples. Result: 4 wood samples and 1 sample of fruit body from the surrounding soil were collected. 11 species of fungi were isolated from the 4 wood samples classified as ascomycete,with higher rate of Penicillium and Trichoderma. One fungus was identified as Leucocoprinus birnbaumii,classified as basidiomycete from the fruit body. The high-throughput sequencing results showed that the fungal OTUs(operational taxonomic units) contained in the 4 samples were 182,168,213 and 191,respectively,which indicated that the diversity of fungal communities was very rich; 22 species of fungi were detected in all 4 samples,accounting for a relatively high proportion. The dominant species are Exophiala,Aspergillus,Teratosphaeria and L. birnbaumii,with abundances of 16.38%,12.96%,9.27% and 8.54%,respectively. The fruit body isolate L. birnbaumii in the soil was detected in all 4 wood samples,and their abundances were relatively high. Conclusion: The wooden water flume unearthed from the Nanyue National Palace site is still suffering from complex fungal infections in the existing preservation environment. These fungi have a potential risk of disease to wooden cultural relics and human health. Therefore,it is necessary to develop new anti-fungal protectants and new technologies based on the isolated fungi,and to provide further protection measures for the unearthed wooden cultural relics and the healthy environment in the museum.

Key words: unearthed wooden cultural relics, site protection and show, fungal diversity, against decay fungi, anti-mould