Abstract: Through three year's study on the relations of flower bud morphology differentiation of various olive varieties in different cultivation regions to climate conditions and new shoot growth,it is believed that flower bud differentiation takes place in a short period and temperature is a leadling factor of climate affecting differentiation.The minimum temperature on average of ten days for the differentiation is 7—9℃,and optimum,10—15℃,then inferring that the physiological differentiation of olive flower bud has some degree of dependable relations to accumulation of lower temperature in winter and that the time changes of flower bud differentiation in various regions and years reflect focally the essence of temperature variation.The time sequence relation between differentiation and new shoot growth is one of the main types of nutrition adjustment and distribution on tree body.