挠力河保护区退耕模式对鸟类群落多样性的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20250203

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to assess the ecological effects of farmland reversion in the Heilongjiang Naoli River National Nature Reserve (hereinafter, Naoli River Reserve), particularly the impact of wetland area recovery on avian habitats. By analyzing changes in avian community composition, this research provides scientific evidence for wetland restoration and species conservation, as well as data support for the management of avian biodiversity. Method: Combining line transect and point count methods, a field survey of avian community diversity in the farmland reversion areas of the Naoli River Reserve was conducted. The collected data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Result: 1) From April 2019 to November 2020, a total of 84 bird species belonging to 36 families and 16 orders were recorded in the study area, including 19 species of national first- and second-class protected birds (accounting for 22.62% of the total). The Shannon-Wiener index of the avian community was 3.101, and the Pielou's evenness index was 0.265. 2) Under different farmland reversion models, avian species richness showed an increasing trend, with significant differences in community diversity (P<0.05). Natural farmland reversion resulted in higher species richness compared to artificial retirement. The proportion of waterbirds was higher in naturally retired areas, while terrestrial birds were more abundant in artificially retired areas. 3) Driven by different reversion durations, species richness increased with the extension of retirement time. The longer the retirement duration, the higher the richness of waterbirds. 4) There were significant differences in avian community diversity among different transition stages (P<0.05), with species diversity increasing with the development of habitat succession. Conclusion: Comprehensive analysis reveals that natural farmland reversion and long-term ecological restoration measures have a significantly positive impact on avian diversity. However, this positive effect requires a certain period to manifest. Therefore, future ecological restoration and conservation efforts should continue to focus on the selection of farmland reversion models and the duration of reversion to ensure the long-term stability of avian diversity and the health of ecosystems.

Key words: natural farmland reversion, artificial farmland reversion, farmland restoration time, bird diversity, transition stages, Heilongjiang Naoli River National Nature Reserve

CLC Number:

Qingming Wu,Xueying Sun,Xiaogang Lin,Lu Chen,Hongxue Lü,Hongfei Zou,Jingli Zhu. Influences of Farmland Reversion Models on Avian Community Diversity in the Naoli River Nature Reserve[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2025, 61(7): 262-273.

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Influences of Farmland Reversion Models on Avian Community Diversity in the Naoli River Nature Reserve

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